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AD385882

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Distribution: USGO: others to Air ForceFlight Dynamics Lab., Attn: FDTS.Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433.

AUTHORITYAFMC ltr, 14 Jun 2002; AFMC ltr, 14 Jun2002

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1979 Group-3 document markings

THIS PAGE IS UNCLASSIFIED

USGO G 5CONTACT: AFFDL (m)rs)

Wright-atterson A1FB oi

.~~ nI~is of e1~Cib~oseJ (Out- ou nitry)(Unclassified Title)

Ja .Jerry D. O'BrienJa M Meiselman, 2d Lt, USAF

'TECHNICAL REPORT AFFIDL-TR-67-118L.LJSeptem~ber 1967

DEC:LASSIFIED PER~ AUTHORITY OF DOD5200. 1/R/" S~R2~ii ECURITY

~~ f~~LA~SSIF I CAT ION OLIIDE FO 5SOUTHE 2YI~ ASIA OPERATIOJN. I APR 88 B~Y-

Special handling required. Not releasable to foreign nationals.A The Information contained in this document will not be dis-

closed to foreign nationals or their representatives.

Jn addition to security requirements, which apply toý"thp_~document and must be met, each transmittal outs -ide etb-agencies of the U. S. Government mus-h~ave pror~p~of the Air Force Flight Dynamics Lak-oratoryr, (FIT~Wright -Patterson Air Force Base, Oldo 45433.

This material contains information afrecting theq nationadefense of the -United States within the meaning of the /Espionage Laws (Title 18, U. S. C., Slactions 793 and?4~the transmission or revelation of which in any manneata

an ftuhorzedperson is prohibited by law.,4ýV an

Air Force Flight Dyfi~nics LaboratorResearch and Technolpgy Division 4~

'Air. Force Systems Corftmahd'Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio

AFLC-WPAF B-OCT 67 200UNC A S F ED6D-1/

NOTCE

Vihen Governmeat drawings, apeoficatlons, or other data are used for any purposeother than in conneotion with a definitely related Government procurement operation,the United Stats Government there iy incurs no responsibility nor any obligationwhatsoever; and the fact that the Go\i. rnment may have formulated, furnished, or inany way supplied the said drawings, speoiflcations, or other data, Is not to be regardedby Implication or otherwise as in any manner licensing the holder or any other personor oorporation, or conveying any rights or permission to mnanufaoture, use, or sell anypatented Invention that may in any way be related thereto.

Copies of this report should not be returned unless return Is required by security

considerations, contractual obligations, or notice on a specific document.

I

WERET"AFDL-TR-67-118

An Analysis of F-105 Combat Losses in SEA(Out-Country)

(Unclassified Title)

Jerry D. O'BrienJay M. Meiselman, 2d Lt, USAF

DOWNGRADED) AT 12 YEAR INIUVALSANOT AWOMATCAII.Y DECLAMSME.

Special handling required. Not releasable to foreign nationals.The information contained in this document will not be dis-closed to foreign nationals or their representatives.

In addition to security requirements which apply to thisdocument and rnust be met, each transmittal outside theagencies of the U. S. Government must have prior approvalof the Air Force Flight Dynamics. Laboratory, (FDTS),Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433.

This material contains information affecting the nationaldefense of the United States within the meaning of theEspionage Laws (Title 18, U. S. C., Sections 793 and 794),the transmission or revelation of which in any manner toan unauthorized person is prohibited by law.

670F-281

SMCET ADL

AFFDL-TR-67-118 lIFOREWORD

This report was prepared by the Structures Division of the Air Force FlightDynamics Laboratory (AFFDL), Research and Technology Division, Air ForceSystems Command. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. This work was per-formed under Project 1368, "Structural Design Concepts," Task 136814, "AircraftVulnerability." Lt Jay M. Meiselnan (FDTS) was the project engineer.

This report contains data-which has been extracted from the Weapons SystemsEvaluation Group (WSEG) Compendium of Aircraft Combat Losses and Damages inSoutheast Asia from 1 February 1965 to 31 January 1966 (U), Volume I: Losses,dated July 1966. The subject report is classified SECRET, Group 3, No ForeigrDissemination.

This report was submitted by the authors July 1967.

This -echnical report has been reviewed and is approved.

FREDERICK C. KR Coon/- Chief, Structures Division

(This

• . : ' : ., .. ' •.. "•

UNCLASSIFIEDAFFDL-TR-67-118

UNCLASSIFIED ABSTRACT

This report contains an analysis of F-105 aircraft losses based on the WeaponsSystems Evaluation Group (WSEG) Compendium of Aircraft Losses for the timeperiod of 1 February 1965 to 31 January 1966. The analysis is performed for thepurpose of providing an insight into areas such as threat, cause of aircraft loss,and time from initial damage to lopss. (In addition to security requirements whichmust be met, this abstract is subject to special export controls and each trans-mittal to foreign governments or foreign nationals may be made only with priorapproval of the Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory (FDTS), Wright-PattersonAir For'ce Base, Ohio 4543',;.1

UNCLASSIFIED

It 7

I ~AFFDL-TR-67-1 18

I TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PAGE F

I INTRODUCTION11 ~II COMPILATION 2III THE THREAT 3

IV CAUSE OF LOSS 4IV RESUI.TS 6

VI CONCLUSIONS 7

REFERENCES 8-

AFFDL-TR-67 -118

ILLUSTRATIONS

FIGURE PAGE

1. Losses From Known Projectile Type 9

2. Projectile Type Based on Area Defenses 9

3. Losses as a Function of Altitude and Projectile 10

4. Total Aircraft Losses Versus Category of Kill 11

5. Number of Aircraft Losses as a Function of Location of Hit 11

6. Representation of Hit Location on: Lost F-105 Aixcraft 12

7a. F-105 Inboard Profile 13

7b. Primary Hydraulic System 14

8. F-105 Bomb Bay 15

9. Percentage of Aircraft Lost Experiencing Various Types of Damage 16

10. Category of Kill as a Result of Fire 16

11. Category of Kill as a Result of Flight Control Failure 17

12. Losses as a Function of Attack Sequence 17

13. Pilot Status Versus Kill Category 18

14. Pilot Status as a Function of Altitude 19

TABLES

TABLE

I WSEG Data Summary 21

II Data Sources 25

III Flight Control Failures 27

IV Fire 29

viUNUSUI

AFFDL-TR-67-118

SECTION I

INTRODUCTION

(U) A two-volume compendium containing the damage and losses data was pub-lished by the Weapons Systems Evaluation Group (WSEG) to provide a source ofinformation identifying combat data which would be useful for R&D purposes. Theinformation was compiled for the period of 1 February 1965 to 31 January 1966 andwas published without being analyzed. The inforimation for the Air Force aircraftlosses is limited to North Vietnam and Laos. A case history for each aircraft lossincident is contained in the compendium in the form of an Aircraft Combat LossReport.

(U) The authors attempt to analyze the WSEG data in order to provide an insightinto areas such as threat, cause of loss, and time from damage to loss. Due tomany unknowns, an effort was made to estimate a most reasonable answer to manyof the parameters presented. This estimate was arrived at by looking back to knowninformation such as enemy defenses and reported location of fire. The resultshopefully will lead to less vulnerable aircraft in the future and point out areaswhere possible fixes are needed on present aircraft by providing an insight into themost vulnerable areas and subsystems, thus allowing a judicious choice for theABCS of survivability ("A" denoting add protection or armor vulnerable components;"B" being býury vulnerable component-s behind less vulnierable components; "C" rep-resenting concentration of vulnerable components to provide a smaller presentedarea; and "S" being separate redundant critical vulnerable items so that damage to

one will not result inhighly probable damage to the other).

(U) Although this report deals solely with the F-105, the analysis methods shouldbe applicable to all aircraft.

UNCLASSIFIEDii.

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UNCLASSIFIEDAFFDL-TR-67-118

SECTION II

COMPILATION

(U) This report attempts to r.ake a correlation of the WSEG compendium datafor the F-105. The tables are presented as compilations of the information con-tained in the WSEG reports. There are 62 aircraft listed in the tables, but four ofthese aircraft were lost to causes other than enemy defenses and are not includedin the analysis. The last two tables summarize the data on aircraft lost due toflight control and fire damage, respectively. It is obvious from examination ofthese tables that much data is lanking. In various figures, -,1his lacking data ispresented as "UNK" or unknowns. The handling of the unknowns will be dealt within Section III of this report.

II

2

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SECRETAFFDL-TR-67-118

SECTION IM!

(U) THE THREAT

(S) From Table I it is seen that the F-105 is used on a variety of missions.Among these are flak suppression, armed reconnaissance (recce), strike, andclose air support. As such, the F-105 is exposed to a hostile environment forwhich it was not designed. The environment exposes the F-105 to defenses whichinclude small arms, automatic weapons such as 12. 7 mnn and 14. 5 mm; mediumantiaircraft such as 23 rmm, 37 mm, and 57 mam; heavy antiaircraft artillery suchas 85 mnm and 100 mm; and SAM's. (See Section IV for an explanation of the let-ters used in the Type Kill column of Table I1)

(C) Figure 1 shows the number of aircraft lost as a function of projectile type.The figure contains a large number of the previously mentioned unknowns. Sincethe lost aircraft are not recovered, it is difficult to determine the exact killingprojectile. In Figure 2, an attempt is made to decrease the number of reportedkills due to unknown projectiles by making an estimate of projectile type. Thisestimate is arrived at from an analysis of enemy defenses in the target area. Theanalysis involves looking at the enemy defenses that the lost aircraft encountered.For example, if the killing projectile was unknown but the defenses were listed as37 mm and 57 amm, then the kill is placed in the 37-57 mm category in Figure 2.

(S) Finally we have the number of aircraft lost as a function of altitude and pro-jectile size in Figure 3. The most noticeable trends are the appearance of SAMbits at altitudes over 3000 feet and the disappearance of projectiles of less than37 mnn at 3000 feet. The properties of both weapons predict this occurrence.

(S) One should keep in mind the fact that North Vietnam antiaircraft defensesare such that heavy and medium antiaircraft 'iatteries are reinforced by manysmall- arms -firing infantrymen and machine gunners. Thus, many of the unknownkills were relegated to the 37-57 mm category, but the aircraft loss could possiblyhave been caused by weapons in the category of 14. 5 mrm or less.

3

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SECRETA$FDL-TR-67 -118

SECTION IV

(U) CAUSE OF LOSS

(C) In the field of aircraft vulnerability, -aircraft losses due to battle damage are

classed in the categories of KK, K, A, and B kills. These are defined as:

KK -- Instantaneous

K -- Loss within 5 seconds

A -- Loss within 5 minutes

B -- Loss within 30 minutes

Figure 4 &hows the number of aircraft lost in each category.

(S) An examination of the location of hits on the F-105 could possible give a clueas to the most vulnerable areas. Figure 5 shows the number of losses occurring asa function of hit location on the aircraft. It is known (Reference 2) that almost allaircraft are hit on low-level attack missions and that the hits occur on the under-side and sides of the aircraft. Examination of Figure '5 indicates that most of thehits causing losses are located between Stations 300 and 777. Station 300 is just aftof the crew station. Station 494 is the start of the engine section, and 777 is the aftend of the aircraft. These stations are for -the F-105F but are reprecentative of allF-105 series aircraft. An estimate was used to lower the number of unknowns shownin the Location of Hits column in Table I. The location was estimated in many casesby the observation of damage, i. e., when a fire was reported coming from the tailsection it was assumed that the aircraft was hit in the tail section even though theexact location was not reported. It was not possible to account for 21 of the lostaircraft even with this method. Figure 5 has these estimates taken into account.The damage locations have been presented on a view of the F-105 in Figure 6.

(U) An examination of Figures 7a and 7b shows that many critical components ofthe aircraft are located in the area between Stations 300 and 777. These componentsare:

a. Engine and compressors

b. Fuel tanks

c. Fuel lines and pumps

I d. Stabilizer control actuator

e. Hydraulic lines.

It can also be seen that most of these components are on the underside of the air-craft and, thus, are not masked by less vulnerable or less critical components.Figure 8 gives an indication of the density of hydraulic, fuel, and air lines throughthe bomb bay.

(C) A possible correlation. between cause of loss and hits in a certain locationwould be to examine the failure mode of the lost aircraft. Figure 9 shows the

4

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S,,"4

•IL , L ~ ~ j. ", -J:@>.A;.l 'h ziS,,t,

SECRETAFFDL-TR-67-118

percentage of aircraft lost experiencing various failure modes. From Figure 9, itis noted that flight control failure and fire occur in most of lost aircraft. Figure7a shows that all the fuel tanks and fuel lines are between Stations 300 and 777along with a heat or ignition source (engine). The stabilizer actuator is also in thisarea along with hydraulic lines and the engine-driven hydraulic pumps. A hit in anyof these items could lead to a loss with a reported fire. Both the aircraft fuel andhydraulic fluid are highly flammable and even if the projectile does not performthe ignition function the engine can.

(S) It is interesting to note on Table I that 50% of the losses on which informa-tion was available had fires, 32. 81 had no fires, and 17. 20 were unknown losses.

(S) Figure 10 is a representation of the time that the aircraft remains flyableafter the aircraft is hit and fire is observed. Since most of the kills are CategoryA, the pilot does have some time to try to control the fire or to eject.

(S) The data in Figure 9 also shows that 34. 5% of the lost aircraft experiencedflight control failure. Since an aircraft can have both fire and flight control failure,the flight control failure due to hydraulic line penetration can lead to a fire or afire can cause failure of the flight control system through degradation of the hy-draulic fluid or seals. Thus, it is often difficult to determine the prime cause ofloss. Furthermore, loss of the engine and the associated hydraulic pump powersupply driven by the engine can cause loss of flight control before the ram-airturbine, an emergency pump power supply, can be activated. Figure 11 shows thekill category for flight control failure.

(C) Another consideration from an intelligence standpoint is the attacking sequenceof the aircraft when damage was received. Figure 12 shows the formation position,if known, of the aircraft when hit. A possible reason for the decrease in losses tofollowing aircraft, as indicated in Figure 12, could be that the defenders are pro-tecting themselves from explosions from the ordnance delivered by the first air-craft. This is particularly true in a flak suppression mission (Reference 3).

(S) A brief analysis is performed on pilot survivability according to type of air-craft kill. Survivability is defined as getting out of the aircraft alive regardless ofwhether the pilot was captured or returned to his unit. This analysis is based on thedata from Table I (Type Kill column) and Table IU (Pilot Status column). The re-sults oqf this analysis are shown in Figure 13. Note that 65%c of A kill and 83. 3% ofB kill pilots survive, indicating the natural conclusion that the longer the aircraftremains under control, the greater the chances of crew survival.

(S) The following table gives the pilot status for aircraft lost as a function of

altitude.

Number of Pilot Pilot KIA orAltitude Aircraft Lost Survives Recovered MIA

0 to 1000 ft 10 5 3 51000 to 3000 ft 7 6 5 13000 to 6000 ft 12 10 8 2greater than 6000 ft 5 2 2 3unknown 24 9 7 15

(U) The pilot status is shown as a percentage of total losses at altitude bands inFigure 14.

5

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::~~~ ... ,........../

-. 1

a t,:'. . * • , . • I £ A I

SECRETAFFDL-TR-67-118

SECTION V

(U) RESULTS

(U) The objective of this analysis was to determine those factors which contrib-uted to the losses of the F-105 aircraft when subjected to the combat environmentencountered in Southeast Asia. Although detailed information was lacking in manyof the combat losses reports contained in the WSEG Compendium, it was possibleto obtain a general indication of those items which eventually lead to the loss of theaircraft.

(S) Based on the known information and various estimates, the analysis showsthat most aircraft losses were due to subsystem failure or fire rather than primarystructural failure. Furthermore, other studies under Air Force Project 5105 haveindicated that this is the case for all SEA combat fighter/bomber aircraft.

(C) It should be noted that there are many items of information missing in thereported data. It is realized that it is difficult to obtain information from an unre-covered aircraft. However, there are many gaps in the data due to unsatisfactoryreporting procedures. Efforts are currently under way to attempt to improve thereporting procedures.

6

SECRET

Y;)

SECRETAFFDL-TR-67-118

SECTION VI

(U) CONCLUSIONS

(C) As a result of the this analysis, it can be concluded that more detailed infor-mation is needed. In many cases, information such as cause of loss or damagingprojectile cannot be recovered. However, much of the data needed to achieve ahigher degree of confidence in portions of the analysis should be available but isnot reported.

(S) The primary cause of F-105 loss in SEA (Out-Country) during the periodstudied was due to damage from medium antiaircraft (37-57 mm) weapons with thefailure mechanism being fire and subsystem loss, primarily the flight control sys-tem. Fires were reported in 50%/ of the losses. Flight control failure was reportedin 34. 5% of the losses. Fifty percent of the losses were attributed to ground fire inthe 37-57 mm range.

7

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AFFDL-TR-67-118

REFERENCES

1. C~pgendium of &mrraft Combat Losses and Dampges in Southeast Aslia (Out-C2wk) I Febr y 1965 to 31 JanuarX 1966,1 Volme I;_o(U), Weap-one Systemas Evaluation Group, Arlington, Virginia, July 1966 (Secret Report).

2. AFSE Letter dated 18 Nov 1966, Subject: Vulnierability, U. S. Aircraft (U),with 1 Attachment, Pr!A vlaino h u3MStems Evaluation (drCIRmp!s C pendium of Aircraft Los s~and Darniag-igW&Gt!2 isop From 1 FebruaKY 1965 to 31 JAnuaiJ~y~ (U).

3. Flak- Sgpsio~~ (U). Air Force Presentation to President's Scien-

tific A~dvisory Committee, Secret Report (NOFORN), not dated.

8

(This pqe Is undamMfh)

~ .13Z

AFFDL-TR-67-118-

54

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324

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5.04.5 23-51 $5.100 SAN OTHER UNK

POQJ EC T IL.E T YP E

Figure 1.Losses From Known Projectile-Type

14

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12.1 14.5 25-37 5? U1-57 57 85 SAM QOR 1111

PROJECT ILE TYPE (MM)

Figure 2. Projectile Type Based on Area Defenses

9

AFFDL-TR-67-118

24

22

20 N

N 14

1I2375

SA

4 SA 2

511p123

0 'SI000 1000-3000, 3000-6000 p6000 UNK

ALTITUDE WH.EN MIT

Figure 3. Ljosses as a Function of Altitude and Projectile

10

AFFDL-TR-67-1184

40

30

UA

~20U.

10

0 KK A I UNKKILL CATEGORY,

Figure 4. Total Aircraft Losses Versus Category of Kill.

22 _______

4

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0 _________________ ::~0-14 14-0 N-0 4477 WN OA N

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PURL TANNA PURL UN EmI A U:?NI l PLT~ L

Lfl

F rUln "t ,, A FlLTNL

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uT ! : Figure 7a. F-10S Inboard

13

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ANT3?1AN93A - FOAL' TUa TANK *C rXL TANK 30

I

Figure 7a. F-105 Inboard Profile

13tUWAUMmED

/JLATERAL CONTROL INSTAL. SM BAy

TRAILING EDOE FLAP &MOTORS

STICK SAS, INSTAL.RUDRPEDAL INS TAL.

Pigure 7b. Prinlrj~~Iyc~aj

F14

RUDDER STOP ASS'YRUDDER FEEL DEVICETRIM ACTUATOR

RUDDER CONTROLAFT FUSELAGE

-- _--1RUDDUDDE ACTUATORY

SUPPORT INSTAL.

DWELL LINKAGE

CONTROL INSTAL.*SPOILER

TIACTUATOR -

ESTABILIZERS CONTROL

'!J"" ....1 ... / • •OOACTCUUATOO

FOUR BAR LINKAGE INSTAL. FEEL DEVICE-TRIM ACTUATOR,E.FLAP INS TAL.

SPOILER LINKAGE CONTROL INSTAL

SP IDLER •.."S

AILEIIRRSOONRO

"SWITCH BOX L.E.F ANDL FF (SINGLE HANDLE) /TMECH. ACTUATOR (3 PER WING)

LEADING EDGE FLAPHYD ACTUATOR CbNTROL INSTAL.

% SAILERON LINKAGEBILIZER CABLES AILERON ACTUATOR

""LEADINGLLOCK OUT MECHANISM

~~~~~~~~~~LEADING EDGE A EH CUTR1 E IG

FLAP CONTROL INSTAL.

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AFFDL-TR-67 -118 ER

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15

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AFFDL-TR-61-118 Ic r

404C. ~ 2 2A/C

A/ 5 A/

A/C

FLIGHT FIRE PROULSION STRUCTURE ELECTRICAL UNKNOWCONTROL

TYPE OF DAMAGE

Figure 9. Percentage of Aircraft Lost Experiencing Various Types of Dmg

20

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Fiue1.CtgrCfKl saRsl fFr

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Figure 12. Caeorysfeil as a Resutio of Fligtac CoquntrlFe lr

21

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AFFDL-TR-67-1 18

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'UNK NK SU sui

IUK IL2 A I .

KILL CATEGORY

Figure 13. Pilot Status Versus Kill Category

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AFFDL-TR-67-l118

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4000

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{ Figure 14. Pilot Status as a Function of Altitude

19

AFFDL-TR-67-1 18 =

TAI

WSEG DAT,

INIETSOTETP SORTIE I11 ENEMY WEAPONSOF I NO.OF AIRRAFT} STAGEIIIETSOTETP LOCATION ITARGET TYPEjI WEATHER jDEFENSE A IRCRAFT IN MISSION WHEN HIT

FLAK IROLLING MUNITIONS 20% CLOUD, 37 OR 57 MM 8- 150 24 ATTACKSUPPRESSION iTHUNDER 5 STORAGE 10OMI. VISIBILITY (LEAD OF 4) _____

2 STRIKE -MUNITIONS 20% CLOUD, GROUND FIRE

FLA___ __ ___K_ STORAGE IOMI.VISIBILITY ( HEAVY ) 8-750 24 ATTACK

3 LK AMMUNITION CLEAR WITH AUTO WEAPONS, 2-CBU 4 ATTACK______SUPPRESSION ______STORAGE HAZE 37 MM _____

4_ _ SUPRESIO AA SHORESOF CLEAR 14.5 11M1 BOMBS, ATTACKFLAKESIO ASHOATE OF (MODERATE) ROCKETS (LEAD MAN).

5 STRIKE THANHRA ItAILROAD WITH TEMR ONUfVTS GRUD*IE 750 B4 ATC5 STRIE THAH HOA HI WAY BRIDGE HAZEO0-1200 FT GONFIE BOMBS48ATC

a STRIKE T'HANHI HOA RAILROAD WITH M IG CANNON -48 ORBIT PRIOR________ ________HIWAY BRIDGE _______(FLIGCHT LEAD) TO ATTACK

7 STRIKE THANH HOA RAILROAD WITH SCATTERED MIGS -48 ORBIT PRIOR_____ _______ _______HIWAY BRIDGE HAZE TO ATTACK

8 ARMED -TRUCKS -- 4 PULLOUT FROMR ECCE. 37 MM (THIS MAN #14) STRAFING PASS

9 ARMED 4

RECCE. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

I D STRIKE THANH HOA BRIDGE 40%CLOUD, 25 AUTO WEAPONS, 8-750 42 ATTACK_________________________________________MI VISIBILITY 37 & 57 MM ______

1I ARMED STEEL FLAK SCATT. TO BROKEN GROUND FIRE ROCKET POD, 2____RECCE TIGER POSITION TO OVERCAST (HEAVY) M 61 CANNON (THIS MAN*2)

12 RECCE ROUTE?7 FROM TARGETS OF SCATTERED TO 14.5, 3T MM HEAVY ROCKET PODS, 4 RA EC_____VINH TO LAOS OPPORTUNITY BROKEN CLOUDS AUTO,SN.ARMS 20 MM (THIS MAN #4) RA EC13 STRIKE RODSCATTERED TO GROUND FIRE, 8-750, 413 BARREL ROLL - ODBROKEN OVERCST. LIGHT AA M1CNO LA A) ATC

________ ___________ IO10MI.VISIBILITY AUTO.WEAI1ONS MICANN (ED N) TAK

14 ROAD ROUTES BRIDGE, 50% CLOUD;- AUTO.EAPONS ROCKETS 12.-RECCE A,B8, &C ROADS 15M1. VISIBITITY (LIGHT)____________15-16,000 FT

I5 STRIKE THAN HOA BRIDGE CLOUD LAYER GROUND11F1RE 8-7-50 4 ATTACK

16 RESCAP LASGROUND FIRE -ORDINANCE16 FOR A4C LAS-- (HEAVY) -. DELIVERY PASS

ARMNED WOODEN 70% CLOUD, 10 GROUND FIREIT RECCE -BRIDGE Mi. V ISIBI L ITY (HEAVY) -(LEAD MAN) ATTACK

18 STRIKE BON XOM LON ARMY 11,000 FT, 37,5T,&85 Mm -0 4 AT______ _______ ________BARRAKS BROKEN AUTO.WEAPONS 870(LEAD MAN) ATC

Is AR MED RO LLI NG CONCRETE 4500 FT, AUTO WEAPONS 8704 ATTACKRECCE THUNDER 19SC BRIDGE OVERCAST (HEAVY) -5

*NOT USED IN ANALYSIS

II ~ E

L i .....

TABLE I

OFNOOF AIRCRATFT 1 STAGE BASIC jSTARTING ALTITUDE VELOCITY IPROJECTILE DIRECT OR LOCATION EUAFT IN MISSION WHEN HIT MANEUVER ALTITUDE WHEN HIT JWHEN HIT j TYPE F RAGMENT OF HIT DAM

(LADO ATTACK PULLOUT AFTER -- 3? OR 51 MM -TAIL IIYDRAUJ

0 24 ATTACK - - - A- G!SNA

U4ATTACK LEVEL FLIGHT 10,000 20OFT 500 KIAS 31 MM DIRECT COMPEL~NEC.SS.IELECTI

ATAC - F ETON FIRE INS LEAD NMA ATC -- ATSCT ITKS

FIRE 148 ATT ACK BOMO RUN ------ SCI

48 ORBIT PRIOR ORIIGCANNON FIRE DAMAGE11(FLIGHT LEAD) TO ATTACK ORIIG IG O CANNON

48ORBIT PRIOR ORBITING -- CANNON FIENIG DIRECT LT. SIDE FROM SP' LOST AlTO ATTACK - 23 3T 4M BK.TO CANOPY CONTRI

*4 PULLOUT FROM STRAFING -- 420 KTS - -FIRE AN(THIS MAN #Y4) STRAFING PASS PASS __ ____ ______ ______CONTROI

4 ATTCKE 6000 - 305 KTS - HIT HILL IN_______ ATTACK _ _______ _______ ______ ______ ______ DIVE)

DIVEBOMBRIGHT WING STABILI0O 42 ATTACK DIV BOMB 13 -14,0 00 4500 FT - ROO AUNE

ON (THIS MAN*2)

0os. 4 40 RA EC ODRCE30 00403U IETFUEL CONT. OR ENGINEI(THIS MAN 4) RAREC RODRCE30300403M DICTMAIN FUEL LINE FLA:MEl

4 DIVE BOMB 30 GF IRSNN (LEADNMAN) ATTACK DE LIVE RY-300AL---FE

ELECTRONICS IN12 --- 1000 AOL --- FUSELAGE BOTM. FIRE

4ATTACK DIVE BOMB 18,000 - ---- FIREATTACK ______ ___ ___TAIL

ORDINANCE ORDINANCE 4000 ---- LOSS OF-DELIVERY PASS DELIVERY PASS _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ TANK i

ATAK EVASIVE CLIMB 4000 - 'GROUND FIRE -AFT SECTION FIRE(LEAD MAN) ATAKAFTER PASS______

14 ATACKDIVE BOMB TODAL 40AL50(LEAD MAN) ATAKPASS100AL 40AL50---

4 TAK DIVE BOMB RUN, 4500 MSLAUOW PNFI4 TAK BOMBS DID NOT 1500 PULLOUT -300 KT.S FIRE -- COMIN

__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RELEASE __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _______ TA IL

21

SKRET

IARY

C 1 STARTING I LTITUDE IVELOCITY PROJECTILE DIRECT OR I LOCATION RESULTANT TYPEIVER ALTITUDE jWHEN HIT jWHEN HIT1 TYPE jFRAGMENT J OF HIT DAMAGE JKILL

'AFTER --- 31 OR 57 MM -TAIL HYDRAULIC PRESS. Bc FLIGHT CONTROL

- - -AC GENERATOR, B-- LOST'NAVL AIDS

LIGHT 10,000 20OFT 500 KIAS 37 MN DIRECT NOSE,LT. WING ENG. ELECTR ICAL A________________________________ COMP ELEC. SYS.

'AFT SCT ON FIRE IN FUSELAGE,&- - - AFTSECION INTAKES,COMP STALL

IUN ----- FIRE IN AFT____ ___ ___ ____ ___ ___ ___ ____ ___ ___ ____ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ SECTION

acCANNON FIRE DAMAGED BY____ ________ ________ IG __ _ _ _ _ _ CANNON FIREB

0--CANNON FIRE MIG DIRECT LT. SIDE FROM SP. LOST ALL-________23 W INK ____ BKTO CANOPY CONTROL

NGo - 420 KTS -- FIRE ANDA_____ _________ __________ __________CONTROL LOSSA

"T(0 35KSHiIT HILL IN--600-35 TK DIVE)

0MB,00 400F RIGHT WING STABILITYA13-1,00 450 FT- -ROOT AUGMENTATION A

ýCE 3000 3000 450 31MM DIRECT FU EL CONT. OR ENGINEA_________ ________ ________ ________ MAIN FUEL LINE FLAMEOUTA

IONSBýRY -3000 AGL --- FIRE A

ELECTRONICS IN-- 1000 AGL -- , FSGEOM FIRE B

~OB 18,000 - FIRE INA____ ___ ___ ___ ____ _ _ ____ ___ ___ ___ ___TAIL

'ANCE 400--LOSS OF RTWINGBIly PASS __ _ _ _ _ _TANK I PYLON

ýE CLI NO 4000 ' GROUND FIRE -AFT SECTION FIRE A

BOMBT000 AGL 4000 AGL 500 k

INS RUN, 4500 MSL AUTO WEAPON FIRE OBSERVEDDID NOT 1500 PULLOUT 300 KT.S FIRE -COMING FROM A

ISE -I-___ __ __ _ __ _TAIL

T73

[1

AFFDL-TR-67 -118

TABLE I

INCIDENT SORTIE TYPE SORTIE JOT 7 WEATHER EMY WAIONCRAFT NO ISON WHENF HIT46LOCATION TAGEETPEENSEY EAOSO OOAIRCRAFT INSSIN HNHTA

20 AMED ROLLING BRIDGE 20,000OFT, THIN 57M NN 8750, 4 ATACRECCE THUNDER 2COVERCAST (HEAVY) 2 LAUSA PODS (THIS MAN #*2) ATC

21-- RESCAP FOR 3000 FT. 37MM 421DOWNED NAVY OVERCAST (LIGHT) 20 MM (LEAD RAN) RESCAPCREW

AR NED -BARRACKS -3T,571MM AUTO APPROACH TrO22 RECCE AREA WEAPONS - TARGET

(INTENSE)CLEAR, 10 MI 37-57 NM? AUTOIsATC

23 STRIKE - CAN 001 BKS. VISIBILITY WEAP (HEAVY) -ISATC

24- ANI ANSIE 7CLEAR,UNLIM- 37 MM & AUTO 12 AFTER WEAPON24___ HANOI___ SAN____ SITE___#_7 ITED VISIBILITY WEAR (INTENSE) -(THIS MAN #2) RELEASE

CLEAR,UNLIMIT- GROUND FIRE A2TEELEAPAE

*to ? SA-IE# GROUND FIRE I VRTRESAN SITE #6 ~(VERY HEAVY) -I VRTRE

276 GROUND FIRE27 SAM SITE 6 - (VERY HEAVY) -II-

ARMNED ROLLING 10,000 OVERCST. 37,57,85,L 100 PRIOR TO BOMBRECCE THUNDER 25-C4 BRDE 5 ML VISIBILITY MM AUTO WEAR RE_____ LEASE'___

29 ARMED ROLLING 80% CLOUD 1237 MM AUTORECCE THUNDER25-Cl BARGES COVER AT WEAPONS 38 -2.75" TI MN# ATC

- ________ ________ ________20,000 FT (HEAVY) ROCKETS (TSAN#)TTC30 TRKE ROLLING 90% CLOUD 37M4THUJNDER 25-A3 BIES COVER AT 2 -5000 (THIS MAN 44) ATC

_____ __ _ _____ ___ _____ ____ 25,000 FT (LIGHT) _ _ _ _

3~ARMED RLIGCLEAR, 15 Mi 37MM44TTCRECCE THUNDER RADAR SIE VISIBILITY (LIGHT)

A ~~26 -C __

31 RCETH UNDER 28-05 ----- ATC~3 AMD RO LLI NG BARRACKS SCATTERED AUTO WEAPONS 20 MM SNAKE 4ATC

_____RECCE THUNDER 29-C-2 AREA CLOUDS 7000' & SM. ARMS( LT) BOMBS 4ATC

AMD ROLLING YNSY 2000'BROKEN 20N4,37MN 4ARME THUNDER YNBY TO OVERCAST$RECCE' 2-C ARSENAL IMVSBLTY (HEAVY) 670 (THIS MAN #V4) ATTACK

ARMED LEFT HOOK BRDE CLEAR, 10 Mi. URMM, 57 MMRECCE ALERT VISIBILITY (MODERATE) NALM2 . AAK

36 ARMED ROLIPO SCATTERED TO V MRMOR57 MM 0 -750 4 ATCRECE HUNER BRIDGE BROKENGOOD_________20-C - 7 VISIBILITY (IH A

*NOT USED IN ANALYSIS

SKEET

ABLE I (Cont'd)

STAGE BASIC STARTING ALTITUDE VELOCITY PROJECTILE DIRECT OR LOCATION RESULTANT TYPEHEN HIT MANEUVER ALTITUDE WHEN HIT WHEN HIT TYPE FRAGMENT OF HIT DAMAGE KILL

SD BAUTO WEAPON AFT OF FIRE FROM WING'ITTACK DIVE BOMB 17,000 5000 450 FIRE DIRECT COCKPIT ROOT

TURNING,GOING ACCESSORY FIRE, LOST IESCAP INTO ORBIT 3000 AGL 3000 AGL 350-400 KTS 37 MM DIRECT SECTION STABILIZER A

CONTROL _

ARGET TO AVOID 800 500 FIRE LOSS -FLIGHT A

FLAK CONTROL FAILURES" --•. " FIRE L.T. WSING RT-

TTAC K' NAPALM RUN 100 AGL 100 AOL 500 KTS FIE- PART OF LEFT A_ _ _......... ._ _ _ _ _ _ WING MISSING

FTER-WEAPON EVADING POSSIBLE FLIGHT AELEASE AA FIRE ..... CONTROL FAILURE

,FTER NAPALM LOW-LEVEL BURNING FROM FWD. A[ELEASE NAPALM DELIV. 50 AOL -- -- OF INTAKESVER TARGET FLAK HIT NOSE A

R TRESECTIONMID AIR

_.... COLLISIONRIOR TO BOMB DIVE RECOVERY BETWEEN RIGHT FIRE AT HIT'LO .,ELEASE' AT REL. POINT 10,000 5000 450 31 OR 57 MM FRAGMENTS WING &FUSELAGE FLT.CONT. LOSS A

FIRE OBSERVED ATATTAC K ROCKET PASS - AFT.SECT, FLIGHT A

CONTS & HYD.

DURING DIVE ENGINEATTACK RUN OR AFTER 16,000 - 450 3. MM INTAKE a

PULL-UPSTART OF PUIL- L -. " - -- FUEL INLET PRESS,

K UP FROM FUEL PUMP, LIGHTS ASTRAFING PASS . ON STAB. AUGMENT.

iATTACK PULL-UP FROM A-7000 500 FIREATTACKWEAPONS FIRE IN TAIL PIPE,ATTACK DELIVERY PASS ..-.- HIS GUN EXPLODED A

p LOW-LEVE L FIRE IN BATTERYIATTACK HIGH SPEED 50- 100 50-100 550 KTS 20 OR 31 NM -M - OMP., ELECT & A

ATTACK ........... FLIGHT CONTROLSDIVE HIT AT T 000 3000 450 3T N DIRECT FUSELAGE- BOMB FLIGHT CONTROL A

ATTACK NAPALM DROP PT. BAY TO AFT SECT

DIVE BOMB DIRECT NO FIRE,ATTACK RUN 10,000 - 500-530 37 OR 57 MM (ASSUMED) - POSSIBLY K

F LIGHT CONTROL I

22

MECET

AFFDL-TR-67--118 sI

TAB

SORT IE ENEMY WEAPONS OF INO. OF AIRCRAFT STAGEiNCIDENT SORTIE TYPE LOCATION TARGET TYPE WEATHER DEFENSE AIRCRAFT IN MISSION WHEN HIT

37 ARMED ROLLINS RADIO COMMUN- 70%CLOUD 37,57MM AUTO 4""RECCE THUNDER 30-C-4 ICATIONS SITE COVER AT 13,000' WEAPONS(HEAVY) (THIS AN 2) ATTACK

38 STRIKE IRON HAND SAM SITE CLEAR, 20MI 37MR,57MM - 2 4VISIBILITY (MEDIUM) (LEAD MAN) -

39 ST RI KE IRON4 HAND SAM SITE CLEAR, 15 MI SMALL ARMS NAPALM AND 2 RUN-INTOVISIBILITY OR 3T MM 20MM (LEAD MAN) TARGET

40 ARMED ROLLING BARRACKS CLEAR,UNLIM- 37MM 2 PODS OF 4 ATTACKRECCE THUNDER 32-C-I BUILDING ITED VISIBILITY (MODERATE) 2.75" ROCKETS (THIS MAN # 2)

41 ARMED ROLLING -(H M ATTACKRECCE THUNDER32-C-4 BRIDGE --____ _(THIS MAN "#2) ATTACARMED DONS BAI CLOUD BASE

42 RE CCE NVNI BRIDGE 6000', 7MI. GROUND FIRE -4

VISIBILITY, 80% (HEAVY 4I_ CLOUD COVER

43 ARMED STEEL TIGER MILITARY CEILING UNLIM- AUTO WEAPONS 2 2RECCE 311 BUILDINGS ITED, 15Mi. VIS. 57.MM.(MEDIUM) (LEAD MAN) ATTACK

4 ARMED ROLLING NINH BINH 20,OOOCEILING ORBITING44_ RECCE THUNDER33-C-T HIWAY BRIDGE 7 MI.VISIBILITY SAMS NONE 2 DIRECTING STI"45 ROLLING LANG MET GROUND FIRE 4

THUNDER HIWAY BRIDGE (HEAVY)46 LANG MET BROKEN LAYER 37 NMI..7MM , 1

46 STRIKE HIWAY BRIDGE AT 3000, RAIN , MM 750 ATTACKTHUNDERSTORMS, 8SHOWERS

47 - BRIDGE - 4 BDA RUN AFT(LEAD) ATTACK

48 ARMED ROLLING BARRACKS & 7000'OVERCAST, 20 GUNS 0 8- 750 GP 4RECCE T7,ý'NDER36-C-D STORAGE AREA I0 MI.VISIBILITY 37-5T VARIETY BOMBS (LEAD) ATTACK

49 ARMED ROLLING BARRACKS & 1000' OVERCAST 20GUNSOF 8-750 GP 4RECCE THUNDER 36-C-I STORAGE AREA IOIM, VISIBILITY 37-57VARIETY BOMBS (THIS MAN 42) RESCAP

50 MED ROLLING 2000'SCATTERED 37,571MM AUTO CBU'S AND 4 ATTACK0 CCE THUNDER37-C-I SAM SITE 5 MLVISIBILITY WEAPONS SHAKEYE (LEAD) ATTACK

_.. ... __ , _ IN HAZE (HEAVY) BOMBS•_ __ _

•51 ARMED - BRIDGE i2,00O'OVERCAST 6 BOMBS 4 ATTACKRECCE TMI. VISIBLITY (THISMAN 04)

52 (AIRBORNE IRON HAND) TARGETS OF 1500-2500 FT 4 APPROACHOPPORTUNITY OVERCAST SAN'S (3) 750 LB BOMBS (LEAD) TARGET A

_________ __________ ____________ 2 NI.VISIBILITY _______ _______ _______

ARMED ROLLING CLOUDS BROKEN- OUT B OA''RECC THUN4DER 40 ROt LUS IOERECCE AT 3000 FT, SAM'S (2) 2.75"ROCKETS (THIS MAN M4 ) FROM TAR

7 MI VISIBILITYIN RAIN

*NOT USED IN ANALYSIS

I _______ _________________

TAB1L I Wontld)

Of 0 No. 0fNook fT Wof6 14SI6 STARTING ALTITUDE VELOCITY PROJECTILE DIRECT 02 LOCATION614f T IN NI§HION #0(0 HIT NANf~(UVE ALTITUDE WHEN HIT WHEN HIT TYPEf FRAGMENT Of HIT

4 p 0 L - -TU V 7,-4l PULUIL•AVTERi ELi(100 NN I ATIACK RELEASE - 6o0 500oo -- - TAiL SCTION FLI" tA MAN) .MINIMUM........ A..... -,, AL JITUOE . -AF

A AND 2 NON-9IM TO LOW -LEVEL ISO FT 150 FT 510 KTS SMALL ARMS FINSLIAO NAN) TAoff Iwo _01 OR 3O DIRECT soll llSA EN

6 Of 4 ATTAC PULLOUT ON $0 ELXIlNolff§ (fogtMAN * ROCKET PASS t000 500 AOL -A--,

owHI MAN "# ATTACK ROCKET PASI 7 -8000 - 350 KITS - - - W.I

DIVE S0MS 1000 -.-..-. Af4 ATTACK DELIVE lNly ON

I AITAC9 ROCKET PAUSl- 4500 500 ITS 57 mi- - Fl(LEAD MAN) OM'U _____ _____ _____ ____

S t( ~= l -OU --

2 ORTlING SITliHo As 18,000 - SAN__________ ODIRECTING STRIKE MISSION 000R0, - III, 000 -- SA M _ --"!-4 .......-.-

ATTACK DEPARTING,,To ( N AN) AREA AFTER 1500 1500 480 - - - OF[ LsAm MAe) SOM DROP FLI

4 IDA RUN Af TF- TURN TO RIGHT 2000 AOL REAR PART-OF HiD(1,90lA) SATTNACK ON AR A RUN 0--AIRCRAFT FLul

o OP 4 I'PULLUPAFTER -7mLfAAD) ATTAt PAU ON TARGET

,oP 4i (THI§ NAN 2) RESOAP ....-. UNKNOWN

AND 4 LOW'LEVEL FIR(LEAD) ATTAOK HIGH, 5PEED 400 AOL 400 AOL 550 AUTO WEAPONS DIRECT - FUS

OBU DELIVERY o01---- -ATAC V -0A 1,0 S

(THIS MAN #4) ATTACK RUN I 1000M$L -- -4 -- HIT MOUNTAIN HI1

4 APPROACH TO 'SAN ETONA UBONIS (LEAD) TARGET AREA APPROACH 6800 6800 450K (EAS) SAM(SA-2) FRAGMENTS 20 FT UNDER A/(

___AIRCRAFT TO

4000AR 40 (PILOT SAID IT --

RtOOKITI (THI, MAN #4) FROM TARGET 4000 400 WAS A SAIM) DIWAS A SAM)

23I

............................................. --..

s~a,,, f i

STARTING ALTITUDE VELOCITY PROJECTILE DIRECT OR LOCATION RESVLTA NT TYPEALT IT UD E WHEN HIT jWHEN HIT TYPE J FRAGME NT OF HIT DAIAG E KILL

6000500KS TAL SETION ELECTaICAL ENG.6000500KS - TAI SECION FLIGHT, CONTROL A

M INIM UM E NoGNEt- ALTITUDE - -OTE A

15.0 FT I5O FT 510 KTS SMALL ARMS FIRE IN BOMB BAYI_______OR 37 NN DIRECT BO MB BAY E NGINJA

8000 500 AGL - - - EXPLO$ ION INA

1 -8000 - 350 KTS H E HI TR

1000 ----- AFT ,EC TION A

$O F

FIRE LJEFT SIDE1500 1500 480 0 -- OAIýCRAFT K

FLIHI CONTROLS

2000 AOL -- - REAR PART OF HYDRAULIC SYS & AAIRCRAFT FLICH1, CONTROL

r~~ 7 3-57MM-

- -- -UNKNOWN UNKNOWN

400 AGL 400AGL 550 AUTO WEAPONS DIRECT -! FUEAE A

11,000 MSL - --- HIT MOUNTAIN HIT NOUNTAIN

SAM DETONATED BURST IN FLAMES8500 6500 450 K(EAS) SAM (SA-2) FRAGMENTS 20OFT UNDER A/C SHREDDED K

_________ _________ __________________________AIRCRAFT TO PIECES

4000 400 (PILOT SAID IT -FI RE, AIRCRAFTWAS A SAM) -DISINTEGRATED

K

.........................

............

AFFDL-TR-67-118 SCE

TABLE I (Co

INCIDENT SORTIE TYPE SORTIE TARGET TYPE' WEATHER IENEMY WEAPONS OF JNO. OF AIRCRAFT STAGE BA!LOCATION j _____ ______DEFENSE jAIRCRAFT IN MISSION _WHEN HIT MANI

54 ATACK CLIMI54 .- - - -(LEA D) ATAK POSIT

____ ___ ___ ____ ___ ___ ____ ______ ___ ____ ___ ___ _______ ___ ___ ROCKE

THUOLLNDE BARRACKS 2000-OVERCAST,ATCK HGTUDR3 Mi. VISIBILITY -- (THIS MAN #2) ATAK STRAF

_____ __ _ ____ _____ ____ ____ __ __ ____ ____ IN HAZE _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

seROLLING RBIDE 30 00 -5000 FT 57 ro 85 MM 4 POP -ITHUNDER RBRDE SCATTERED,' (HEAVY & 3000 LB (THIS NAN 43) ATTACK ORDINi

________~~~~1 ______ ______MI. VIS IB ILITY ACCURATE) BOMB _______ ______ __

57 ROLLING OVERCAST AT 31 MM AUTO 2TARGETTH UNDER POWER PLANT 2500 FT, 7 Mi WEAPONS-(LA) AROC

VISIBILITY IN (LIGHT)PRAC

VU CHUA, 1000 FT 51 MM OR 4 LETDOWN TO LEFT'58 -NVN RBIDE OVERCAST 51MM 650 (THIS MAN #3) TARGET BANK'

59 (ROLLING BRIDGE 1&5MM4PULLOI59THUNDER) (MODERATE) 6 70 (THIS.MAII #2) ATTAC K BM

60 BARE RLL(LOS BIDE CLEAR WITH AUTO WEAPONS 4 PULLýLIGHT HAZE, (LIGHT) 8-150 (THIS MAN 1# 3 ATTAC-K FROM

_________7 M_______ I VISIBILITY BOMB

CLS ARAUTO WEAPONS HEAVY CUMULUS5e1 SUPO $ART POSITIONS & SCATTERED GROUND FIRE 20MN (THIS MAN 0f5 ) ATTACK STRAF

________ _______ TRE NCHES B ASE ,8-9O000FT ____

62 ARMED ROLLING ROUTE S IA LOW SCATTERED 37 OR 14.5 ROC KE TS 4 RECCE LOW -RECCE, THUNDER i WATERWAY ATI1200- 1600FT MM 20 MM (THIS MAN#2 ARME1

48 -C -4 BARGES SOLI D AT .2

2000 FT

4 24

SECRET

3LE I (Coit'd)

AE BASIC STARTING L ALTITUDE VELOCITY PROJECTILE DIRECT OR LOCATION RESULTANT TP

IHIT ]MANEUVER fALTITUDE WHEN HIT 1WHEN HIT TYPE FRAGMEN OF HIT DANAE KILLYCLIMB TO FUEL COKING OUT

ýCK POSITION FOR 500O /,FR AROCKET PASS 00-- -OFLIAHTCOFIRE L

HIGH ANGLE~CK STRAFE PASS 7000 AOL ----- FLIGHT CONTROLS A

POP -UP FOR.CK ORDINANCE 8 8-9000 FT 515 3? MM D.IREC T - K

DEL IVERY _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

1 T 2500 450 3? MM - FIRE (TRAILING -

0OAC H AIRCRAFT)

ON TO LEFT TURN & FIRE, LOSTAPE'T BANK TO LET- -4000 350 KTS - (PILOT FELT -FLIGHT CONTROLS A

DOWN ON TARGET _____________THUMP) _______ ___________

CK PULLOUTAFTER TAIL HOOK FIRE, UTILITY &CK BOMB RELEASE T -8000 FT 450 5? MIN DIRECT AREA HYDRAULIC SYS, A

__________ _________ ______ FLIGHT CONTROLS

PULLOUT A/C OWN"'A C-K FROM OWN 4 SOO 500 BOMB -- FIRE A

BOMB RUNi (P [.¼4ATURE) ______ _______

MAK STRAFE'PASS -----

CC LOW -LEVEL _-----PROB

CE ARMED RECCE A

AýI

24

SEaRET

AFFDL-TR-67-118 KE

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AFFDL-TR-67-118

TABLIE IV

FRE

INCIDENT RESULTANT DAMAGE LOCATION PROJECTILE TYPEOF HIT TYPE KILL

4 FIRE IN FUSELAGE AND ENGINE INTAKES, AFT SECTIONCOMPRESSOR STALL.

5 FIRE IN AFT SECTION -- -

8 FIRE AND CONTROL LOSS A-

13 FIRE ?- A

14 FIRE ELECTRONICS IN BrUS. BOTTOM

15 FIRE IN TAIL A-

I1 FIRE AFT SECTION GROUNO FIRE A

is FIRE OBSERVED COMING FROM TAIL - AUTO WEAPON FIRE A

20 FIRE FROM WING ROOT AFT OF COCKPIT AUTO WEAPON FIRE A

21 FIRE, LOST STABILIZER CONTROL ACCESSORYSECTION 37MM A

23 FIRE LEFT WING ROOT' PIECES FROM A/C, PART OF - -A

LEFT WING MISSING

25 BURNING FROM FORWARD OF INTAKES A-

28 FIRE AT HIT LOCATION , FLIGHT CONTROL LOSS BETWEEN RIGHT 3TOR5T MM AWING AND FUSELAGE

29 FIRE OBSERVED AT AFT SECTION, FLIGHT CONTROLS A- -

AND HYDRAULICS.

32 FIRE -A

33 FIRE IN TAIL PIPE, HIS GUN EXPLOADED - A

34 FIRE FWO OF COCKPIT IN. BATTERY COMPARTMENT, - 20 OR 37 MM A0,• ELECTRIC AND FLIGHT CONTROLS

39 FIRE IN BOMB BAY ENGINE BOMB BAY SMALL ARMS OR A

42 AFT SECTION OF' FIRE - A

43 FIRE - 57 M A

29

SEGET

S. . . .. . . .. . . .. . ...... ......... ... ::,;:'' ••......... *. .':!•;?:

-~~ AFFDL-TR-67-118TA LE (ol')OHI I TYEKL

INCIDENT RESULTANT DAMAGELOTOH POECLE YE

46 FIR E, LEFT SIDE OF AICATFLIGHT CONTROLSK

50 FIRE ON BOTTOM OF FUSELAGE -AUTO WEAPON A

52 BURST INTO FLAMES, AIRCRAFT SHREDDED DETONATED 20OFT SAN KKUNDER AIRCRAFTBOTTOM

53 FIRE,AIRCRAFT DISINTEGRATED -(SAM) K

54 FIRE, LOST FLIGHT CONTROL -A

57 FIRE (TRAIL ING) 377MM-

58 FIRE , LOST FLIGHT CONTROL -A

59 FIRE, LOST UTILITY HYDRAUL.IC SYST EN.LOST TAIL HOOK AREA 57 MM AFLIGHT CONTROL

60 FIRE -OWN BOMB A

30

MECE

Security Classification____________________________DOCUMENT CONTROL DATA- R&D

(Security clasalsfcation of title, body of abstract and indexing annotation rnus: be entered when the overall report is classiLed)

[I . ORTIGINATING Ac rI•'ITY (Corporate author) 28. RCPORT SECURI rY C LASSIFICATION

Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory ' SECRETWright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433 2b GROUFON

3. REPORT TITLE

An Analysis of F-105 Combat Losses in SEA (Out-Country) (U)

4. DESCRIPTIVE NOTES (Type of report and inclusive datea)

S. AUTHOR(S) (Last name, first name, initial)

O'Brien, J. D.Meiselman, Jay M., 2d Lt, USAF

6. REPORT DATE 7a. TOTAL NO. OF PAGES J 7b. NO. OF REFS

September 1967j 3ea. CONTRACT OR GRANT NO, 9a. ORIGINATOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S)

AFFDL-TR-67-118Pb.RPOJECT NO. 1368

c Task 136814 9b. OTHER RYPORT NO(S) (Any other numbers tlmt may be asiga.ed: this report)

d.,

10. AVAILABILITY/LIMITATION NOTICES In addition to security requirements which apply tothis document and must be met, each transmittal outside the agencies of the U. S.Government must have prior approval of the Air Force Flight Dynamics Labora-

- tory (FDTS). Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433,11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 12. SPONSORING MILITARY ACTIVITY

Air Force Flight Dynamics LaboratoryWright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio' j45433.

13. ABSTRACT (UNCLASSIFIED)

This report contains an analysis of F-105 aircraft losses based on the Weap-ons Systems Evaluation Group (WSEG) Compendium of Aircraft Losses for thetime period of 1 February 1965 to 31 January 1966. The analysis is performedfor the purpose of providing an insight into areas such as threat, causes of air-craft loss, and time irom initial damage to loss. (In addition to security re-quirements which must be met, this abstract is subject to special export controlsand each transmittal to foreign governments or foreign nationals may be madeonly with prior approval of the Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory (FDTS),Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433.)

D I JA 64 1473 UNCLASSIFIEDSecurity Classification

+ , +

iM1

S.....

U IN %_JJ.±'JJ.V JLJ1

Security Classification ... ...... ..."1". LINK A L " INK 8 LINK C

KYWRSROLE WT ROLE WT ROLE WT

AIRCRAFT VULNERABILITYF-105 AIRCRAFT LOSS ANALYSISSUBSYSTEM VULNERABILITYSEA COMBAT ENVIRONMENT

INSTRUCTIONS

1. ORIGINATING ACTIVITY: Enter the name and address imposed by security classification, using standard statementsof the contractor, subccntractor, grantee, Department of De- such as:fease activity or other organization (corporate authon) issuing (1) "Qualified requesters may obtain copies of thisthe report, report from DDC ",2a. REPORT SECU14TY CLASSIFICATION: Enter the over- (2) "Foreign announcement and dissemination of thisall security classification of the report. Indicate whether report by DDC is not authorized.""Restricted Data" is included. Marking is to be in accord. rance with appropriate security regv'ations. k3) "U. S. Government agencies may obtain copies of

this report directly from DDC. Other qualified DDC2b.. ROUP: Automatic downgt • .ag is specified In DoD Di- users shall request through

rective 5200. 10 and Armed Forces Industrial Manual. Enter

the group number. Also, when applicable, show that optionalmarkings have been used for ,3roup 3 and Group 4 'as author- (4) "U. S. military agencies may obtain copies of thisized. report directly from DDC. Other qualified users3. Rr6PORT TITLI: Enter the'complete report title in all shall request throughcapital ietters, s in all cases should be unclassified.If a meaningful -annot be selected without classifica-tion, show ttle clc. sificatlon in all capitals in parenthesis (5) "All distribiti-•'A o; this report is controlled. Qual-immediately foiiowing the title. ified DDC users shall request through

4. DESCRIPTIVE NOTES: If aprropriate, enter the type of _ _ _ _"_ _

"-eport, e.g., interim, progress, summary, annual, or final. If the report haa been furnished to the Office of Technicalýxive the t.nclu-,ve dater when -. cific reporting period is Services, Department of Commerce, for sale to the public, indi-covered. cate this fact and enter the price, if known.

5. AUTI•C,.(Sj Ent.r the name(s) of author(s) as shown on 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES: Use for additional explana-or in the report. Enter last name, first name, middle initial, tory notes..If .military, show rank and branch of service. The name ofthe principal ixthor is an absolute minimum requirement. 12. SPONSO: iNG MILITARY ACTIVITY: Enter the name of

the departmental project office or laboratory sponsoring (pay-6. REPORT DATVU. Enter the date of the report as day, min for) the research and development. Include address.mornth, year, or month, year. if more then one date appeavt 1on the report, use date of publication. 13. ABSTRACT: Enter an abstract giving a brief and factual

summary of the document indicative of the report, even though7a. TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES: The total page count it may also appear elsewhere in the body of the technical re-should follow normal pagination procedures, i.e., enter the port. If additional space is required, a continuation sheet shallnumber of pages containing information, be attached.

7b. NUMVBER OF REFFREW"ES, Ea*ter the total number of It is highly desirable that the abstrac' of classified reportsreferences cited in tlh3 report. be unclassified. Each paragraph of the abstract shall end with

Sa. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBER: If appropriate, enter a'i indication of the military security classification of the in-the azplicable number of the contract or grant under which formation in the paragraph, represented as (TS), (S), (C), or (U).the repoit was written. There is no limitation on the length of the abstract. How-

8b, 8c, & 8d. PROJECT NUMBER: Enter the appropriate ever, the suggested length is from 150 to 225 words.military department identification, such as project number, 14. KEY WORDS: Key words are technically meaningful termssubpr ýect number, system numbers, task number, etc.14KEWOD:eywrsaetcnalymnigutrs

or short phrases that characterize a report and may be used as"9a. ORIGINATORS REPORT NUMBER(S)" Enter the offi- index entries for cataloging the report. Key words must becial report number by which the document will be identified selected so that no security classification is required. Identi-and controlled by the oriiinating activity. This number must fiers, such as equipment model designation, trade name, militarybe unique to this report. project code name, geographic location, may be used as key

9b. OTHER REPORT NUMBER(S): If the report - - becn words but will be followeci by an indication of technical con-assigned any other report numbers (either by the or,,.nator text. The assignment of links, rules, and weights is optional.or by the sponsor), also enter this number(s).

10. AVAILABILITY/LIMITATION NOTICES: Enter aoy lim-itattons oi, further dissemination of the report, other than those

UNCLASSIFIEDSecurity Classilication

DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE

HEADQUARTERS 88TH AIR BASE WING (AFMC)

WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE OHIO

MEMORANDUM FOR DTIC-RS 1 4 JUN 200ZATTN: Kelly AkersDefense Technology Information Center8725 John J. Kingman Rd, Suite 0944Ft Belvoir VA 22060-6218

FROM: 88 CG/SCCMF4375 5h Street Rm 150WPAFB OH 45433-7802

SUBJECT: Change of Classification and Distribution Statement for Document Number's AD-CO 16-682 and AD-385-882

1. The attached 16 April 2001 letter from W. Howard Plunkett requests classification review of subject technicalreports and change of distribution requirements from "Limited Distribution" to "Approved for Public Release;Distribution Unlimited."

2. The requestor handcarried this request to the FOIA office, therefore it was treated as a FOIA request.Subsequently, it was reviewed by the Subject Matter Expert, Don Voyls, 46 OGM/OL-AC. His analysis states thatthe documents appear to be fully releasable. Capt Stephanie Masoni, his Security Manager, attached a memoindicating that she concurs to full release of the reports.

3. Please take the appropriate action to make subject technical reports available for public dissemination. Therequester has been notified of this action. Point of contact at 88 CG/SCCMF is Lynn Kane at DSN 674-8189.

Sincerely,

/

SHEREE M. COONFreedom of Information Act ManagerManagement Services BranchInformation Management Division

Attachments:1. AFMC Form 559, 6 June 20022. 46 OG/OGM/OL-AC Memo, 6 Jun 20023. Don Voyls Memo, 5 Jun 20024. Initial Request Letter, 16 Apr 20015. AD 385-8826. AD C016 6827. 88CG/SCCMF Ltr to Requestor, 14 Jun 02

DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCEHEADQUARTERS 46TH TEST WING (AFMC)

EGLIN AIR FORCE BASE, FLORIDA

6 June 2002

MEMORANDUM FOR 46 OG/OGM/OL-AC (Mr. Richard E. Colclough)

FROM: CAPT STEPHANIE MASONI (Unit Security Manager)

SUBJECT: Classification and Limited Distribution Requirement Review for Freedom ofInformation Act (FOIA) Case #010421 LK, W. Howard Plunkett.

I have reviewed the two documents in support of the attached FOIA request, and concurwith Mr. Donald Voyls(memo attached); both documents are fully releasable to thepublic.

Stephanie C. Masoni, Capt, USAF46 OG/OGM/OL-ACSecurity Manager

AttachmentMemo dated 5 June 02 (Mr. Voyls)

MEMO TO: 46TH OG/OGM/OL-AC

SUBJECT: Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Case #010421LK, W. Howard Plunkett

I have reviewed the two documents in support of the attached FOIA request iaw the guidelinesprovided. Based on the instructions and directions provided (DoD Regulation 5400.7, Chapter 3and DoD Directive 5230.25) I could not find any exemptions for withholding these documentsfrom public disclosure. Therefore the documents appear to be Fully Releasable.

Review of AFFDL-TR-67-118, An Analysis of F-105 Combat Losses in SEA resulted in thefollowing findings. The report was declassified 22 August 1990. The F-105 has been out of theUSAF inventory for some time and I do not know of any other country operating that aircraft.The report draws general trends on F-105 combat losses. Some limited identification on thecause of loss based on hit location is provided on page 4 but in my opinion is commonknowledge. In conclusion the author states that more detailed data was needed to increase theconfidence of the analysis.

Review of AFFDL-TR-77-115, A Comparative Analysis of USAF Fixed Wing Aircraft Lossesin Southeast Asia Combat, AD-C016682 resulted in the following findings. The report wasdeclassified 31 December 1988. The aircraft covered in this report with the exception of theB-52 and C/AC-130 are no longer in the USAF inventory. To my knowledge the German AirForce still flies the F-4. The report provides statistics on aircraft and crew losses relative to avariety of situations such as altitude, location, threat category, date, etc for all the aircraft exceptthe B-52 and AC-130. Statistics on losses due to general causes (fuel fire, engine failure, flightcontrols) were provided. Data on the B-52, page 51, and AC-130, page 56, were limited toreasons for crash with no threat stated. Comparative analyses on the F-4 vs. F-105, one enginevs. two, and effectiveness of vulnerability reduction features were included. Though I personallyhave some small reservation on releasing the F-4 portion of this report to the public, I could notfind any justification in the directives to withhold it.

According to the FOIA office, a memo from the classification officer stating that the reports areproperly classified and marked is needed. Also, to aid in filling out form DD Form 2086 block2, I spent 2 hours on Coordination/Approval/Denial and 11 hours on the review.

Let me know if you have any questions.

Don Voyls, 5 June 2002