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7/24/2019 Classical Theatre PowerPoint
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Ancient Theatre
Greek Theatre and The Trojan Women
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Part I:Introduction to Classical
Theatre
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Classical Theatre History
Greek plays were performed late March and earlyApril at religious celebrations honoring ionysus
According to Aristotle! tragedies arose fromimpro"isations the lead of the choral dithyrambs#hymns sung in praise of ionysus$
As such in both historical precedent and content!tragedies were part of the religious tradition ofthe ancient Greek world%
Moreo"er! Greek tragedies were formali&ed in theform and content! as we shall discuss in regardsto Aristotle's Poetics%
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Aristotle's Poetics
(ummary of Poetics:http:))www*%cnr%edu)home)bmcmanus)poetics%html
http://www2.cnr.edu/home/bmcmanus/poetics.htmlhttp://www2.cnr.edu/home/bmcmanus/poetics.html7/24/2019 Classical Theatre PowerPoint
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+iterary Criticism TermsThese de,nitions are deri"ed from www%dictionary%com% (tudents will be e-pected to befamiliar with the following terms! and be able to apply them! when speaking and writing
about literature%
Anagnorisis: a critical moment of disco"ery preceding peripeteia in Greek tragedy
Clima-: the highest point of action
Complication: The introduction of something une-pected or a problem into a plot
.piphany: a sudden insight into the essential meaning of something
tragic /aw: character defect that causes the downfall of a character in Greek tragedy
Introduction: opening of a work that helps establish scene! locale! and character
Metaphor: most simply when something is used to represent something else! a symbol
0arrati"e: a truth or ,ctitious account of e"ents
Plot: a storyline! a plan! scheme! or main narrati"e in a work of ,ction #also know subplot$
Peripeteia: a sudden turn of e"ents or une-pected re"ersal
Parado-: a statement that seems contradictory but actually e-presses a truth
1esolution)enouement: 2the tying up of loose ends3 in a plot
1ising Action: the raising of suspense as a plot progresses from the complication to clima-
Irony: use of words to con"ey a meaning that is opposite of its usual meaning #see also dramatic irony$
Parody: a humorous or satirical representation of serious writing
Allusion: a reference to something else: a literary allusion occurs when an author references another work
(trophe: The ,rst mo"ement in the chorus in classical Greek drama! turning from one side to the other
Antistrophe: the second part of this choral mo"ement! where the chorus mo"es in the opposite direction
.pode: third part of the choral ode! at this point the chorus stands still
http://www.dictionary.com/http://www.dictionary.com/7/24/2019 Classical Theatre PowerPoint
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+iterary Criticism Terms #cont%$
Archetype: The essential or original model! character! form! which allothers follow4 e-ample! the 5ourney from one place to another! frominnocence to knowledge! from childhood to old age% #ad5% archetypal! e-%Homer is the archetypal poet$
Motif: a recurring element in a narrati"e that has symbolic signi,cance
6ral Tradition: (tories! myths! and legends that are passed down orally,which is to say in spokenrather than writtenform! such as The Epic ofGilgamesh, Arabian ights, and the Homeric epics
(atyr play: a burles7ue drama usually in"ol"ing a chorus of satyrs to followthe trilogy of tragedies presented by a playwright at the ionysian festi"al
(atyr: mythological woodland creatures usually represented with the torsoof a man and the e-tremities of a goat% (atyrs that attend ionysius
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Theatre! ramatic! and +iterary Terms
Theatre Terms
6rchestra: literally the 2dancing space3 in a theatre% 8sually circular! it occupied the spacebetween the Proskenion and the audience% This performance space for the chorus would
pro"ide a bu9er of sorts between the audience and the performance of the actors%
Proskenion: a raised area where the actors would perform between the skene and theparados
Parados: 2passageways3 from which some characters would enter and e-it in the play4
likewise! they are the entrances and e-its for the audience
(kene: the 2scene building3 at the back of the theatre% eginning as simple woodenstructure for changing costume! the skene de"eloped into an often ornate! multile"el stonestructure which was utili&ed by the actors%
Prosopon: Masks worn by Greek performers
Poetry Terms
http:!!owl"english"purdue"edu!owl!resource!#$%!%&! #note for stressed and unstressed!
accented and unaccented are used$ Meter: the basic rhythmic structure of "erse
Iamb: a foot composed of one unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable
Anapest: a foot composed of two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable%
1hythm: a musical 7uality articulated in poetry by the repetition of similar sounds or sound
patterns
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1. Exposition (Introduction)
This usually occurs at the beginning of a shortstory. Here the characters are introduced.We also learn about the setting of the story.Most importantly, we are introduced to the
main conict (main problem).
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2 Rising Action
This part of the story begins todevelop the conict(s). buildingof interest or suspense occurs.
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3. Climax This is the turning point of the story.
!sually the main character comesface to face with a conict. The maincharacter will change in some way.
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4. Falling Action
All loose endsof the plot are
tied up% Thecon/ict#s$ andclima- are
taken care of%
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5. Resolution The storycomes to a
reasonableending.
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Greek Theatres: .pidarus
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.pidarus *
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Anatomy of a Greek TheatreGreek Theatre Terms:
http:))www%whitman%edu)theatre)theatretour)glossary)glossary%
htm
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Greek Theatre Masks
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Characters from Homer's'liad
Helen of Troy: married to Menelaus #a Greek$ butshe's stolen by Paris #a prince of Troy$
Tro5an 1oyalty: ;ing Priam his wife