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Classical Conditioning. Mr. Koch AP Psychology Forest Lake High School. Ivan Pavlov 1849-1936. Russian physician/ neurophysiologist Studied digestive secretion Accidentally discovered Classical Conditioning. Classical Conditioning. Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Classical Conditioning
Mr. KochAP Psychology
Forest Lake High School
Ivan Pavlov1849-1936
• Russian physician/ neurophysiologist
• Studied digestive secretion– Accidentally discovered
Classical Conditioning
Classical Conditioning• Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)– Stimulus which causes an
automatic unlearned response• The food
• Unconditioned Response (UCR)– Unlearned behavior of an
organism which occurs naturally as a result of stimulation• Salivation when food is in mouth
Classical Conditioning
• Acquisition– The initial stage of learning• In classical conditioning, the phase associating a neutral
stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus
Classical Conditioning
• Conditioned Stimulus (CS)– Being paired with a stimulus that
causes a response this will eventually cause a similar response
– Starts as a Neutral Stimulus (NS) before pairing• Tone of a bell/tuning fork
• Conditioned Response (CR)– The behavior of an organism when
a conditioned stimulus is presented after the CS has been paired with a UCS• Salivation
Classical Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
• Classical Conditioning– Learning situation in which a response is caused by a
certain stimulus because the stimulus was combined for a number of trials with a stimulus which normally causes the response • Also called respondent conditioning
Classical ConditioningUCS(passionate kiss) UCR
(sexualarousal)
CS(onionbreath)
CS(onion breath) CR
(sexualarousal)
UCS(passionate Kiss) UCR
(sexualarousal)
Classical ConditioningUCS(drug)
UCR(nausea)
CS(waiting room)
CS(waitingroom) CR
(nausea)
UCS(drug)
UCR(nausea)
Classical Conditioning
What would happen if UCS stopped being paired with CS? (i.e. rang bell and gave dog no food?)
• Extinction– The elimination of the conditioned response by
presenting the CS without the UCS
Classical ConditioningWhat if you then allowed time to pass before
presenting the CS again?
• Spontaneous Recovery– The recovery of the response to a particular
stimulus after extinction and the passage of time
Strengthof CR
Pause
Acquisition(CS+UCS)
Extinction(CS alone)
Extinction(CS alone)
Spontaneousrecovery ofCR
Behaviorism
• John B. Watson– Viewed psychology as
objective science– Recommended study of
behavior without reference to unobservable mental processes
“Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I’ll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select – doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief, and, yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors.”
- John B. Watson
Classical Conditioning• Generalization– Subject reacts to a class of stimuli similar to the
original CS
“Little Albert” experiment(Watson and Rosalie Rayner)
Classical Conditioning
• Discrimination– Subject learns to respond to a particular stimulus
(ability to distinguish between a CS and other stimuli)
Classical Conditioning
• Taste Aversion• John Garcia
– Can learn association between taste and nausea even hours after eating• Adaptive for survival• Challenged idea that pairing must
be immediate– Examples:
» Problems for chemotherapy patients
» Mr. Koch’s dad & chocolate milk» Binge drinkers and tequila» Nausea-inducing drugs & alcohol