Classes of MatterClasses of Matter

Mixtures, Compounds, & Mixtures, Compounds, & ElementsElements

How Do We Classify Matter?

• Objects are grouped based on a particular property

• Examples of everyday classification systems are:

• Library, grocery store, clothing stores, video store,

• Matter is classified according to makeup.

Matter Exists As:

elements solutions compounds

mixtures

Mixtures

• Matter that consists of 2 or more substances mixed together, but are not chemically combined.

• Each substance keeps its own specific properties.

• 2 types of mixtures• Heterogeneous and

homogeneous

Mixtures

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Heterogeneous Mixtures

• Particles are large enough to be seen and separated.

• “Least” mixed mixture

• Examples: salad, pebbles and sand, cheeseburger, oil and vinegar, tacos

Homogeneous Mixture

• Particles are very small and not recognizable.

• “Well” mixed mixture

• Examples:• Milk, whipped cream,

toothpaste, stainless steel

Solution

• Type of homogeneous mixture

• “Best” mixed mixture

• Examples:• Ocean water, tea,

air, lemonade, antifreeze,

• Parts of solution are Solute and Solvent

Parts of a Solutions

• Solvent- part of the solution that does the dissolving

• Salt water - water dissolves the salt

• Lemonade - water dissolves lemon juice and sugar

• Solute- the part of the solution that gets dissolved

• Salt water - salt gets dissolved in water

• Lemonade - lemon juice and sugar get dissolved in water

Elements

• When all particles are alike - pure substance

• Elements are the simplest pure substance (cannot be broken down)

• Made of only one kind of material and has definite properties

Elements and Compounds

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Elements and Atoms

• Elements are classified and listed on the Periodic Table.

• Chemical symbols represent the elements. (H, O,N, C, He, Ca, Na, Cl)

• Smallest particle of an element is an atom• Atom is the basic building block of matter• Atoms are made of smaller particles, and

they have the properties of the element.

Compounds

• Compounds are pure substances that are made up of more than one element

• 2 or more elements chemically combined

• Salt, water, sugar, baking soda, CO2,

Compounds

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