Citation FormattingExamples

Direct Quotes andIn-Text Citations

Writing about active listening…

•Active listening is very important in business communication. General knowledge

•“In active listening, receivers actively demonstrate that they’ve heard and understood.” Author’s words from textbook

•An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say. Your words

Without Citation Formatting

•Active listening is very important in business communication. “In active listening, receivers actively demonstrate that they’ve heard and understood.” An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say.

MLA

MLA Citation: Signal Phrase

•Active listening is very important in business communication. According to Kitty Locker and Stephen Kaczmarek, “In active listening, receivers actively demonstrate that they’ve heard and understood (309). An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say.

MLA Citation – No Signal Phrase•Active listening is very important in

business communication. “In active listening, receivers actively demonstrate that they’ve heard and understood” (Locker and Kaczmarek 309). An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say.

APA

Without Citation Formatting

•Active listening is very important in business communication. “In active listening, receivers actively demonstrate that they’ve heard and understood.” An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say.

APA In-Text Citation

•Active listening is very important in business communication. According to Locker and Kaczmarek (2009), “In active listening, receivers actively demonstrate that they’ve heard and understood” (p. 309). An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say.

APA Citation – No Signal Phrase

•Active listening is very important in business communication. “In active listening, receivers actively demonstrate that they’ve heard and understood” (Locker & Kaczmarek, 2009, p. 309). An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say.

Paraphrasing and In-Text Citations

Paraphrasing

•Active listening is very important in business communication. General knowledge

•A person shows the speaker that he or she has heard what’s been said and understands it through active listening. Paraphrase of author’s idea from textbook

•An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say. Your words

Paraphrasing without Citation

•Active listening is very important in business communication. A person shows the speaker that he or she has heard what’s been said and understands it through active listening. An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say.

MLA

MLA Citation: Signal Phrase

•Active listening is very important in business communication. According to Locker and Kaczmarek, a person shows the speaker that he or she has heard what’s been said and understands it through active listening. An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say.

MLA: Parenthetical Reference

•Active listening is very important in business communication. A person shows the speaker that he or she has heard what’s been said and understands it through active listening (Locker and Kaczmarek). An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say.

APA

Paraphrasing without Citation

•Active listening is very important in business communication. A person shows the speaker that he or she has heard what’s been said and understands it through active listening. An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say.

APA Citation: Signal Phrase

•Active listening is very important in business communication. According to Locker and Kaczmarek (2009), a person shows the speaker that he or she has heard what’s been said and understands it through active listening. An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say.

APA: Parenthetical Reference

•Active listening is very important in business communication. A person shows the speaker that he or she has heard what’s been said and understands it through active listening (Locker & Kaczmarek, 2009). An example of active listening is repeating back to the speaker what you think you heard he or she say.

Listing of Cited Sourcesat the End

MLA

Works Cited

Locker, Kitty O., and Stephen Kyo Kaczmarek.Business Communications: Building Critical Skills. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2009.

APA

References

Locker, K. O, & Kaczmarek, S. K. (2009).Business communication: Building critical skills (4th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.