Cisco Reviewer

8/12/2019 Cisco Reviewer

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IEEE Standards

IEEE 802.1 Bridging (networking) and Network Management

IEEE 802.2 LLC

IEEE 802.3 Ethernet

IEEE 802.4 Token bus

IEEE 802.5 Defines the MAC layer for a Token Ring

IEEE 802.6 MANs (DQDB)

IEEE 802.8 Fiber Optic TAG disbanded

IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN (WLAN) & Mesh (Wi-Fi certification)

IEEE 802.14 Cable modems disbanded

IEEE 802.15 Wireless PAN

IEEE 802.15.1 Bluetooth certification

IEEE 802.15.2 IEEE 802.15 and IEEE 802.11 coexistence

IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access (WiMAX certification)

Common Port Numbers

21 FTP

23TELNET

25 SMTP

69 TFTP -UDP


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80 HTTP

143 IMAP

194 INTERNET RELAY CHAT (IRC)

443 SECURE HTTP (HTTPS)

520 RIPUDP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

DHCP discovery DHCP offer DHCP request DHCP acknowledgement DHCP information DHCP releasing Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical distributed naming

system for computers, services, or any resource connected to the

Internet or a private network. It associates various information

with domain names assigned to each of the participating entities

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used totransfer files from one host to another host over a TCP-based

network, such as the Internet.


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Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application protocol fordistributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems.HTTP

is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide

Web.

Internet message access protocol (IMAP) is a protocol for e-mailretrieval.

Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a protocol for live interactive Internettext messaging (chat) or synchronous conferencing.

Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) defines a standardized packetformat for delivering audio and video over IP networks

Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is one of the oldest distance-vector routing protocols, which employs the hop count as a

routing metric. RIP prevents routing loops by implementing a limit

on the number of hops allowed in a path from the source to a

destination. The maximum number of hops allowed for RIP is 15.

This hop limit, however, also limits the size of networks that RIP

can support. A hop count of 16 is considered an infinite distance,

in other words the route is considered unreachable.

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (

SMTP) is an Internet standard for

electronic mail (e-mail) transmission across Internet Protocol (IP)

networks.


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Secure Shell (SSH) is a cryptographic network protocol for securedata communication, remote command-line login, remote

command execution, and other secure network services between

two networked computers that connects, via a secure channelover an insecure network, a server and a client (running SSH

server and SSH client programs, respectively)

Telnetis a network protocol used on the Internet or local areanetworks to provide a bidirectional interactive text-oriented

communication facility using a virtual terminal connection. User

data is interspersed in-band with Telnet control information in an

8-bit byte oriented data connection over the Transmission Control

Protocol (TCP).

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the core protocolsof the Internet protocol suite (IP), and is so common that the

entire suite is often called TCP/IP. TCP provides reliable, ordered,

error-checked delivery of a stream of octets between programs

running on computers connected to a local area network, intranet

or the public Internet. It resides at the transport layer.

User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core members of theInternet protocol suite (the set of network protocols used for the

Internet). With UDP, computer applications can send messages, in

this case referred to as datagrams, to other hosts on an Internet

Protocol (IP) network without prior communications to set up

special transmission channels or data paths.


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Internet Protocol (IP) is the principal communications protocol inthe Internet protocol suite for relaying datagrams across network

boundaries. Its routing function enables internetworking, and

essentially establishes the Internet.

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is one of the coreprotocols of the Internet Protocol Suite. It is used by network

devices, like routers, to send error messages indicating, for

example, that a requested service is not available or that a host or

router could not be reached.

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a telecommunicationsprotocol used for resolution of network layer addresses into link

layer addresses, a critical function in multiple-access networks.

ARP was defined by RFC 826 in 1982.[1] It is Internet Standard STD

37. It is also the name of the program for manipulating these

address

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a data link protocol commonlyused in establishing a direct connection between two networking

nodes. It can provide connection authentication, transmission

encryption (using ECP, RFC 1968), and compression.

Network Address Translation (NAT) is designed for IP addressconservation. It enables private IP nletworks that use unregistered

IP addresses to connect to the Internet. NAT operates on a router,

usually connecting two networks together, and translates the

private (not globally unique) addresses in the internal network


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into legal addresses, before packets are forwarded to another

network.

Protocol data unit (PDU) has the following meanings:

Information that is delivered as a unit among peer entities of a network

and that may contain control information, such as address information,

or user data.

In a layered system, a unit of data which is specified in a protocol of a

given layer and which consists of protocol-control information and

possibly user data of that layer

Protocol Data Unit (PDU)

The Layer 1 (Physical Layer) PDU is the bit or, more generally, symbol

(can also be seen as "stream")

The Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) PDU is the frame

The Layer 3 (Network Layer) PDU is the packet

The Layer 4 (Transport Layer) PDU is the segment for TCP, or the

datagram for UDP

Characteristics of transport layer protocols

TCP and UDP port numbers are used by application layer protocols.

TCP uses windowing and sequencing to provide reliable transfer of

data.


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TCP is a connection-oriented protocol. UDP is a connectionless

protocol.

Description of a router memory type and its contents

ROM is nonvolatile and contains basic diagnostic software.

RAM is volatile and stores the IP routing table.

Documents

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