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Cisco PublicITE PC v4.0Chapter 1 1
---管理你的网络环境
CCNA (640-802)
使用 Telnet连接远程设备
用 telnet 连接到远程主机( Using Telnet to Connect to Remote Devices )
Remote device
SwitchBRouterA RouterBSwitchA
10.3.3.2 10.3.3.1 10.1.1.110.1.1.2
10.2.2.1 10.2.2.2
S0S1
RouterA#telnet 10.1.1.2
Trying 10.1.1.2 ... Open-------------------------------------------------Catalyst 1900 Management ConsoleCopyright (c) Cisco Systems, Inc. 1993-1998All rights reserved.Enterprise Edition SoftwareEthernet Address: 00-90-86-73-33-40PCA Number: 73-2239-06PCA Serial Number: FAA02359H8KModel Number: WS-C1924-ENSystem Serial Number: FAA0237X0FQ..RouterB>
查看 telnet 连接( Viewing Telnet Connections )SwitchBRouterA RouterBSwitchA
10.3.3.2 10.3.3.1 10.1.1.110.1.1.2
10.2.2.1 10.2.2.2
S0S1
RouterA#sh sessionConn Host Address Byte Idle Conn Name 1 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 0 1 10.1.1.2* 2 10.3.3.2 10.3.3.2 0 0 10.3.3.2
RouterA#sh user Line User Host(s) Idle Location* 0 con 0 10.1.1.2 3 10.3.3.2 2 11 vty 0 idle 1 10.1.1.2
挂起 telnet 会话( Suspending a Telnet Session)
SwitchBRouterA RouterBSwitchA
10.3.3.2 10.3.3.1 10.1.1.110.1.1.2
10.2.2.1 10.2.2.2
S0S1
RouterB#<Ctrl-Shift-6> xRouterA#sh sessionConn Host Address Byte Idle Conn Name 1 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 0 1 10.1.1.2RouterA#resume 1RouterB#
RouterA#disconnect Closing connection to 10.3.3.2 [confirm]
RouterA#clear line 11[confirm] [OK]
关闭 telnet 会话( Closing a Telnet Session)
Closing a session opened by a remote device
Closing the current session opened by you
SwitchBRouterA RouterBSwitchA
10.3.3.2 10.3.3.1 10.1.1.110.1.1.2
10.2.2.1 10.2.2.2
S0S1
Telnet 相关命令
使用 TelnetRouter#telnet 192.168.1.1
同时 Telnet 多台设备Router>Ctrl+Shift+6 同时松开 按 X
检查 Telnet 连接Router#show sesions
检查 Telnet 用户Router#show users
关闭 Telnet 会话
解析主机名
建立主机表Router(config)#ip host R1 192.168.1.10
删除一个主机名Router(config)#no ip host R1
禁用 DNS 域名解析 Router(config)#no ip domain-lookup
在网络中发现邻居
Cisco 发现协议
•CDP是一个专有的实用工具,它可以告诉你当前直连的 CISCO的路由器交换机和一些其他CISCO设备的综合信息
•不论这些设备上运行着什么协议, CDP都可以发现它们
通过 CDP 发现邻居 CDP 只能运行在 Cisco设备上, IOS版本在 10.3或以上的版本
汇总信息包括 :
•Device identifiers
•Address list
•Port identifier
•Capabilities list
•Platform
使用 CDP
Cisco 发现协议( Cisco Discovery Protocol ) 1.Cisco 提供的专有的命令 CDP runs on all Cisco equipment 2. 获得直接连接的设备的信息摘要 The primary use of CDP is to discover all Cisco devices that are directly
connected to a local device. 3. 运行在数据链路层 Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is a Layer 2 protocol 4.Cdp 版本 1 在 10.3 版本后会自动启动 CDP Version 1 is enabled by default with Cisco IOS (Release 10.3 later). 5.cdp 更新周期 60 秒 CDP update timer is 60s 6.cdp 过期周期 180 秒 CDP hold timer is 180s
信息摘要包括( Summary information includes ) :
– 设备 ID ( Device ID ) – 本地接口( Local Interface )– 保持时间( Holdtime )– 功能( Capability )– 平台( Platform )– 端口 ID ( Port ID )– VTP 域名( VTP Management Domain
Name (CDPv2 only) )– 本征 VLAN ( Native VLAN (CDPv2 only) )– 全双工 / 半双工( Full/Half-Duplex (CDPv2
only) )
CDP
show cdp
CDP
CDP
用 CDP 发现邻居( Discovering Neighbors with CDP )
Using the show cdp neighbor Command
RouterA#sh cdp neighborsCapability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater
Device ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDRouterB Ser 0 148 R 2522 Ser 1SwitchA Eth 0 167 T S 1900 2
SwitchBRouterA RouterBSwitchA
10.3.3.2 10.3.3.1 10.1.1.110.1.1.2
10.2.2.1 10.2.2.2
S0S1
Using the show cdp entry Command
RouterA#sh cdp entry *-------------------------Device ID: RouterB Entry address(es): IP address: 10.1.1.2 Platform: cisco 2522, Capabilities: Router Interface: Serial0, Port ID (outgoing port): Serial1Holdtime : 168 sec
Version :Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 12.0(3), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fci)Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Mon 08-Feb-99 18:18 by phanguye
SwitchBRouterA RouterBSwitchA
10.3.3.2 10.3.3.1 10.1.1.110.1.1.2
10.2.2.1 10.2.2.2
S0S1
CDP 其它命令( Additional CDP Commands )
RouterA#sh cdp trafficCDP counters :
Packets output: 56, Input: 38Hdr syntax: 0, Chksum error: 0, Encaps failed: 3No memory: 0, Invalid packet: 0, Fragmented: 0
RouterA#sh cdp interface BRI0 is administratively down, line protocol is down Encapsulation HDLC Sending CDP packets every 60 seconds Holdtime is 180 seconds
SwitchBRouterA RouterBSwitchA
10.3.3.2 10.3.3.1 10.1.1.110.1.1.2
10.2.2.1 10.2.2.2
S0S1
1. 在全局配置模式下使用( no ) cdp run 命令开启或关闭所由接口的 CDP 功能。默认情况下, CDP 被全局开启。
The cdp run command is used to enable CDP globally on the router. By default, CDP is globally enabled.
2. 在接口模式下使用( no ) cdp enable 命令可以开启或关闭某个特定接口的 CDP 功能。
CDP could be enabled on each of the devices interfaces by using the cdp enable command.
开启和关闭 CDP ( Enable and disable CDP )
配置周期( Configuring Timer )
Router(config)#cdp timer 5
Router(config)# cdp holdtime 15
检查网络连接并排除故障
使用 ping 和 trace 命令
测试远程设备的连通性
Router###ping 10.1.1.10
Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/4/4 ms
Router#trace 192.168.101.101
Type escape sequence to abort.Tracing the route to 192.168.101.101
1 p1r1 (192.168.1.49) 20 msec 16 msec 16 msec 2 p1r2 (192.168.1.18) 48 msec * 44 msecRouter#
其它排错命令
Debug 命令Show processes 命令