CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

System of vessels and/or spaces through

which blood and/or lymph

flows in a human.

Circulatory system

Has three (3) main parts:

A. the heart

B. blood vessels

C. blood

A. The Heart 1. Main pump of the circulatory

system

2. MOVES Blood THROUGH the

BODY

3. Surrounded by a loose-fitting

sac called the pericardium.

4. Has four chambers: RIGHT &

LEFT ATRIA, RIGHT & LEFT

VENTRICLE

Pulmonary artery

Left atriumLeft Ventricle - pumps O2 rich blood to the body.Right ventricle:

pumps blood from the heart to the lungs

Pulmonary artery

AORTA

Right atrium(contains thepacemaker - sends electricimpulses thatcauses heartmuscles to contract)

The Heart

Pulmonary vein

Septum-thick muscle that separates right half of heart from left half.

VALVES: Flaps of connective tissue between the atria and ventricles that keep blood moving through the heart in one direction.

Blood Flow in the Heart

2 Pathways of Circulationblood FLOW

between the heart & lungs

Carries blood between the heart & the rest of the

body

B. BLOOD VESSELS -1. Arteries - vessels that carry

blood AWAY from the heart.

2. Capillaries - thin-walled blood

vessels in which most of the

exchange of gas, nutrients &

wastes takes place.

3. Veins - vessels that RETURN blood to the heart. Have

valves

B. VesselsArtery VeinCapillary

Blood Pressure

measure of the force

that blood exerts

against a vessel wall

C. BLOOD:- A liquid tissue consisting of plasma and blood cells in a suspension.

- Transports nutrients, dissolved gases, enzymes, hormones & waste products

Blood Cells

Red blood cells (erythrocytes)

MOST NUMEROUS, DISK-SHAPED,

CARRIES O2 TO ALL CELLS IN THE

BODY, HEMOGLOBIN

White blood cells (leukocytes)

LARGER IN SHAPE THAN RBC BUT

FEWER IN NUMBER, HELP FIGHTS

DISEASE

plasma

platelets

YELLOWISH LIQUID PART OF BLOOD - 90% WATER & 10% PLASMA PROTEIN, DISSOLVED FAT, SALT AND SUGAR

(AID IN CLOTTING)

Four Blood Types

Type A

Type B

Type AB (Universal Receiver)

Type O (Universal Donor)

Blood Type or Donor

Blood Type Recipient

A

B

AB

O

Unsuccessful Transfusion Successful Transfusion

A B AB O

LYMPH LYMPH VESSELSVESSELS

Lymph nodes Lymph

Vessels

Spleen

Thymus

Superior Vena Cava

Heart

A network of vessels that collect fluids lost by blood & returns it to the circulatory system. It produces special white blood cells.

DisordersHYPERTENSION

ATHEROSCLEROSIS- NARROWED ARTERIES DUE TO PLAQUE (FATTY DEPOSITS), CAN CAUSE HEART ATTACK OR STROKE.

HYPERTENSION- (“high blood pressure”)

occurs when the force of blood pumping through vessels is too great.

Anemia - when the blood transports too little oxygen.

SICKLE-CELL DISEASE Red Blood Cells are misshapened causing blood cells to “CLOG” vessels. Hereditary

Leukemia - a form of cancer where bone marrow produces immature stem cells in large numbers & releasing them into the bloodstream.

TAKING CARE OF THE HEART