Circulatory System

Functions

Laboratory Techniques TM 1

Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resource Standards Addressed

• AS.07.01. Design programs to prevent animal diseases, parasites and other disorders and ensure animal welfare.– AS.07.01.02.a. Explain methods of determining

animal health and disorders.

Laboratory Techniques TM 2

Laboratory Techniques TM 3

Circulatory System Functions

• Respiratory – O2 and CO2 exchange• Excretory – removes waste from body cells• Protection – clotting, transports white blood cells

to infections• Nutrition – carries energy and food throughout the

body• Regulatory – helps to maintain pH and

temperature• Hormonal – transfers hormones to organs

Laboratory Techniques TM 4

Heart Circulation

Pulmonary Arteries- to lungs

Aorta

Right

Ventricle

Left Atrium

Left Ventricle

Pulmonary Veins

Caudal Vena Cava

Cranial Vena Cava

Right Atrium

Laboratory Techniques TM 5

Major Veins

Cranial vena cava

Right axillary vein

Jugular veinsCephalic veins

Caudal vena cava

Saphenous vein

Femoral vein

Renal vein

Right brachial vein

Ovarian vein

Testicular veinRight external iliac

Caudal vein

Laboratory Techniques TM 6

Major Arteries

Brachiocephalic

Right axillary

Facial arteries

Common carotid arteries

Aorta

Pulmonary artery

Femoral artery

Renal artery

Right brachial

Ovarian artery

Testicular artery

Right external iliac

Caudal artery

Mesenteric arteries

Laboratory Techniques TM 7

Blood is composed of :

40% cells and %60 plasma

The cells that in the blood are:Erythrocytes (red blood cells)Leukocytes (white blood cells)Platelets

Structure of Blood

Laboratory Techniques TM 8

Erythrocyte (red blood cell)

• The most abundant blood cell

• Function – transport O2 throughout the body

Mammals – no cell nucleus Birds & Reptiles –cell nucleus

Laboratory Techniques TM 9

Neutrophil

• Function- to stop or slow down foreign organisms

• They work by:

– Phagocytosis – to eat bacteria and dead cells

– Bacteriocidal – to kill bacteria

Laboratory Techniques TM 10

• Functions – – Phagocytosis

– Mediate allergic reactions

– Produce heparin and histamine

Basophil

Laboratory Techniques TM 11

• Functions – – Moderate the inflammatory response

– phagocytosis

Eosinophil

Laboratory Techniques TM 12

Lymphocyte & Monocyte

• Lymphocyte – plays a vital role in immunity

T-cells (memory cells) – cells are sensitized to an antigen, remember that antigen and fight it off next time

B-cells – divide to form many cells to fight an antigen

• Monocyte – largest blood cell

Function is phagocytosis

Laboratory Techniques TM 13

• Function –– Hemostasis (clotting) – stop bleeding by adhering to damaged

vessels and clumping together, release proteins that help form a clot

Thrombocyte

Laboratory Techniques TM 14

Urinary System

UrethraUreter

Bladder

Kidney Kidney

Ureter

Urethra

Bladder

Laboratory Techniques TM 15

The Kidney

Renal artery

Ureter

Cortex

Medulla

Renal pelvis

Renal capsule

Laboratory Techniques TM 16

The Nephron

Arterioles

GlomerulusBowman’s capsule

Proximal convoluted tubule

Distal convoluted tubule

Loop of Henle

Collecting duct