Architectural Studies Seminar 14 Division of Building Science and Technology, City University of Hong Kong

Date : May 29, 2012, Tuesday Time : 3.00 – 4.30pm Venue : P5806, BST Design Studio, City University of Hong Kong Speaker : Mr. John Brooks, FCIOB, MBEng,, Cintec International Ltd.

Title : The structural restoration of historical buildings and structures with minimum intervention

About the Topic: The work of John’s company reaches around the world and extends to most continents. They have in

the last 25 years worked on many iconic historic structures including the pyramids of Egypt where they

are still involved. Cintec’s specialism is the careful structural repair and strengthening of important

buildings without intrusive or noticeable effect on their appearance.

In recent years the company has worked with the University of Bath and Dr Dina D’Ayala to develop

new techniques for the retrofitting of seismic strengthening systems. Cintec’s previous experience and

knowledge of seismic work in Australia, Egypt and USA was of great significance in this project which

was under the Niker Project funded by the European Parliament.

Additionally Cintec has developed more civil engineering technology, and working with world class

engineers such as Arup, have successfully created a mini-pile system suitable for use with listed

structures and ancient monuments.

About the Speaker: John Brooks qualified as a corporate member of the Chartered Institute of Building at 24 with

distinctions in building economics and technology. Working as a surveyor and estimator for many

years, often on historic buildings, he then became regional Design & Build Manager for an

international blue chip construction company. For the last 15 years he has worked with Cintec and now

heads up the Asian arm of the company in addition to overseeing all UK Special Projects where design

or turnkey packages are involved.

He is a regular speaker at conferences and seminars and gave a paper in Edinburgh about the work at

Temple of Hibis, Egypt and is presenting a paper in Poland in October about a seismic project in

Athens.

John has given talks at Tongji University, the University of Jinan and the Southeast University at

Nanjing in addition to many in the United Kingdom.

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Structural Repair, Stabilisation and Conservation

Anchor System

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The Bar

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The Sock

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The Grout

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Non Percussive Drilling

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AnchorInjection

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The Advantages

• Speed of installation

• Custom Designed

• Cementitious

• Controlled grout flow

• Invisible when installed

• Highly durable, Heat resistant

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APPLICATIONS

CINTEESSEX COUNT COURT & JAIL – NEWARK, USA

The 1966 building’s limestone curtain wall panels hadseparated from the structure. This caused damage sopervasive and severe that the building was, in architectMichael Zemsky’s words, “one accident away fromcatastrophic failure.”Several new technologies were considered for the repair ofthe Essex County Courts. Some of the new repair techniques proposed introducing modern materials into historic fabrics, but experts shied away from chemical based fixes, such as epoxies or resins and high strength mortars, as both can damage buildings more than the forces they are trying to correct.

The most dramatic recent advancements in masonry preservation technology focus on strengthening and connectivity. In the face of seismic forces,wind loads, vibration from vehicles and machinery,inadequate original design, new adaptations, and ageing,stabilising masonry is becoming a more critical element ofrehabilitation and historic preservation efforts. Cintecdesigned anchor systems offered the best alternative toinvasive or unsightly structural systems.

Limestone cladding of Essex County New Courts Building and Jail was one accident away from catastrophic failure. Cintec installed more than 20,000 anchors to prevent masonry’s collapse.

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“One of the best things about this systemis that the material is cementitious, notepoxy-based,” explains Westfield,New Jersey, architect Michael Zemsky.“The most interesting part is that thenylon sock expands to fill the cavity untilit is completely wedged in, the exterior isthen patched. The wall is then better ableto withstand vertical forces and isgenerally strong”.

Zemsky’s general contractor for thecourthouse project, Jim Papandrea, saysthat before they inserted more than20,000 Cintec anchors into the building,they had an independent lab test thesystem by measuring the strength ofthe anchors’ hold on the masonry,“The pullout tests exceeded 4,000pounds,” Papandrea says of theprocedure, in which steadily increasingforce is applied until the anchor fails.“The block broke before the anchor did.”

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Terra Cotta

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Stitching Anchor applications

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Cymmer Abbey 2008

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Doddington Hall

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Bowood Park, Wiltshire

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Forde Abbey, Dorsetformer Cistercian Abbey founded 1136, dissolved 1539

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Fixings for steelwork

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CINTECity Walls

CINTEChester City Wall

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CIVIL ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS

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Corbel Anchors

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Indian Railways Bridge

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Installation From Below or Above

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CINTEInstallation From Below - Rig

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Peter’s Bridge – Ballymena Division Irish Rail

CINTETrack Protection

Reinforced plastic membrane mechanicallyfixed at 1m centres during track possession

loadinggauge

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Bridge Strengthening - Archtec

Bridging a busy single-track railway line, a rating of 10t was assessed for this single 8.6m (28 ft.) span, masonry structure. Strengthening to a rating of 40t

was required. Twenty-six 3m reinforcement anchors were installed to achieve this new load capacity. The holes are made with non-percussive diamond drills causing very little vibration, however in order to minimize the risk of

debris falling onto the track, 'fortrac' netting was fixed to the underside of the bridge during the installation process.

CINTEKeith Haughs Bridge Strengthening for Network Rail / Transport for Scotland

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PARAPET WALLS

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Design for London Underground

CINTETesting with London Underground

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CINTEC MINI-PILES

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St Aubin’s Harbour, States of Jersey

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Cintec Mini-Piles

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Cintec Mini-Piles

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GROUND & ROCK ANCHORS

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Ground Anchors for Retaining WallsBlaise Castle Estate

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PROJECTS FROM AROUND THE WORLD

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Windsor Castle

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Buckingham Palace

Westminster Palace (House of

Parliament)

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CANADIAN PARLIAMENT BUILDING OTTOWA

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Blaenavon Iron WorksWorld Heritage Site

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The Red Pyramid at Dashur, Cairo, Egypt

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Cracked Lintel Stone

Between the Two Burial

Chambers

CINTERoof of the Passage Between the Two

Chambers

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Close – Up of the

Cracked Lintel Stone

CINTEAnchor Design

The present problem was not on the exterior of the pyramid but on the corridor between the corbelled burial chambers. The beams spanning the low corridor opening were cracked, from the base of the stone beams, up through the centre of the beams,

to a position just adjacent to the centre at the top of these stone beams.It was impossible to drill at right angles to the corridor, due to the mass of the core of the pyramid. However, it was possible to

drill at an angle of 43 degrees in the respective burial chambers at both the entrance and exit of the corridor and secure the beam with a row of 20mm diameter Cintec stainless steel consolidation anchors.

Work was completed at night after the monument was closed to the public.

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Temple of Hibis

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Inner Gateway Paintings

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Typical Hieroglyphs

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Typical anchor arrangement to stabilise the outer walls of the temple, each anchor position was carefully designed to satisfy the engineering requirements but also being extremely sympathetic to the delicate

hieroglyphs adorning the temple walls.

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Temple stone, with Cintec anchor installed. The fixing

was then tested at Cairo University

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Pyramid of Djoser2010 Project

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CINTETemporary scaffold erected.

Timber frame made to closely match roof

Dropstitch Cintec bags inflated with lightweight grout, which

moulds itself to the roof contours

CINTEBurial Shaft Proposal

Holes are drilled through the bags and into the structure. Thus preventing collapse

Cintec anchors are installed and allowed to cure

Temporary bags and wooden framework removed

If required a netting can be attached to the anchors or

smaller fixings, which will be invisible from the ground and will

prevent smaller stones falling

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SEISMIC PROJECTS

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Adelaide School Seismic Upgrade

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CINTENewcastle Cathedral, Australia

Seismic Repair & Protection

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Cintec Clients

• Local Authorities• Private Practices • English Heritage• Cadw• Insurance Companies• General Contractors• Private Owners• Surveyors

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CINTEC INTERNATIONALThe ONLY system developed and

designed to be sympathetic and compatible for heritage work

Works well in lime mortar and friable substrates

Completely hidden when installedQuicker and more economical than

rebuilding

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