Upload
kienptit07
View
226
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
1/85
ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
2/85
Noi dung :oi dung :
Phan tch cac cong nghe chuyen mach
Mo hnh chuyen mach
Kien truc chu en mach ATM
Mot so phan t chuyen mach thc te
Khun chu en mach ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
3/85
HA N TCH CAC CONG NGHECHUYEN MACHHUYE N MACH
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
4/85
CHUYEN MACH KENHHUYEN MACH KENH Da tren nguyen ly a hp phan chia thi gian TDM
Mot ket noi luon s dung cung mot khe thi gian
trong cac khung truyen c lap lai nh ky. thi gian tren mot lien ket vao en mot khe thi giantren lien ket ra khac
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
5/85
CHUYEN MACH KENH
tTimeslot
Frame
vz y xvx O1O2
I1I2
x a b x a b
zv zv
Og
Outcoming linkIncoming link /Timeslot
In
Frame
Synchronizationaba l cf y cf y
/Tomeslot
Timeslot / link translation
table
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
6/85
CHUYEN MACH KENH ot so ac ie m o tr hoan tren mot kenh truyen la nh
o bien ong tre rat nho va co nh
Toc o truyen co nh (v du 64kbps) => khong phup v cac c vu co toc o t en o
Ch co mot loai toc o (64kbps) => khong phu hp cho
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
7/85
CHUYEN MACH KENH A TO C O
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
8/85
CHUYEN MACH KENH A TO C O
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
9/85
CHUYEN MACH KENH A TOC O Cung da tren nguyen ly TDM
o e no co e ung n en c s
Mot so kho khan va phc tap:
khi cac kenh nay lai c chuyen mach rieng biet.
Kho chon la cac toc o c ban e phu hp vi moi
loai dch vu
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
10/85
CHUYEN MA CH KENH A TOC OHUYEN MACH KENH A TO C O
S dung tai nguyen khong hieu suat
Kho hu h vi at tnh cac d ch vu tron tn lai.
Khong ap ng hieu qua oi vi s dao ong va ot bienthong tin
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
11/85
CHUYEN MACH NHANHHUYE N MACH NHANH
Tai nguyen mang ch c cap cho mot ket noi khi cothong tin truyen
cho lu thong ot bien
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
12/85
CHUYEN MACH NHANHHUYE N MACH NHANHCac han che : S phc tap cho thiet ke va ieu khien he thong.
Co the xay ra trng hp he thong khong thoa mannhng yeu cau ong thi cua nhieu ket noi
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
13/85
CHUYEN MACH GOIHUYEN MACH GOI a ren p ng c ruyen ac e ran er
Mode)
Thon tin tru en c on thanh cac oi co chieu daithay oi => quan ly cac bo em phc tap
Co c che ieu khien lu lng va sa sai tren tng
en e => o re cao ong p u p v cac c vuthi gian thc
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
14/85
CHUYEN MACH GOIHUYEN MACH GOIThe he ke tiep cua chuyen mach goi la chuyen tiep khung (Framehe he ke tiep cua chuyen mach goi la chuyen tiep khung (FrameRelay) va chuyen mach khung
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
15/85
CHUYEN MACH GOI NHANH- Phng thcgtruyen bat ong bo (ATM)
nhanh, Phan chia thi gian bat ong bo ATD
(Asynchronous Time Division) va ATM.o a nang van c uyen va c uyen mac c o at yloai dch vu nao (oc lap dch vu).
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
16/85
CHUYEN MACH GOI NHANH- Phng thcgtruye n ba t ong bo (ATM) Thch h cho man ban ron a d ch vu v nhn u
iem sau :
o Toc o caoo Mem deo va an toan trong tng lai
o S dung tai nguyen mang hieu suat
o ang ong e
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
17/85
MO HNH CHUYEN MACH
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
18/85
C U TRUC TE BAO ATMU TRU C TE BAO ATMByte
Bit 8 1
GFC VPI
VPI VCI
VCI
1
2
3Header
VCI PT CLP
HEC
4
5
6
5 ytes
PAYLOAD(48 bytes)
.
.
53
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
19/85
KET NOI AOET NOI A OKet noi ao co 2 loai :
VCC (Virtual Channel Connection)
rtua at onnect on
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
20/85
MO HNH CHUYEN MA CHO HNH CHUYEN MACH
Chuyen mach VP Chuyen mach VC
Chuyen mach VP + VC
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
21/85
CHUYEN MACH VP
o VCI = Virtual Channel Identifier
o = r ua a
o VPI = Virtual Path Identifier
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
22/85
CHUYEN MACH VC
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
23/85
CHUYEN MA CH VP + VCHUYE N MACH VP + VC
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
24/85
KIEN TRUC CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
25/85
CAC HOAT ONG TRONG CHUYEN MACHATM
Chuyen mach : gom chuyen mach khonggian va chuyen mach mao au (nhan dien
kenh luan ly) Xep hang
a hp va giai a hp
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
26/85
NGUYEN LY CHUYEN MACH
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
27/85
NGUYEN LY CHUYEN MACHGUYEN LY CHUYEN MACH
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
28/85
CAC YEU CAU OI VI CHUYEN M A CH ATMA C YEU CAU O I V I CHUYEN MACH ATM1010
118
oc o t ong t n
Kha nang broadcast / multicastHieu suat : tac nghen, xac suat mat cell, otre chuyen mach (10-1000s)
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
29/85
CAC LOA I PHAN T CHUYEN M A CHA C LOAI PHAN T CHUYE N MACHPhan loai theo nguyen ly sap hang da vao v tr
cua o em.
Sap hang au vao
ap ang au ra
Sap hang trung tam.
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
30/85
CAC LOA I PHAN T CHUYEN MA CH
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
31/85
CAC LOA I PHAN T CHUYEN MA CH Sa han au ra
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
32/85
CAC LOA I PHAN T CHUYEN M A CH
CA C LOAI PHAN T CHUYE N MACH
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
33/85
CAC THONG SO THC HIEN CUA PHAN THUYEN MACH ATM
c c ang
Toc o bo nh
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
34/85
T C B NHC B NHTnh toan toc o bo nh cho chuyen mach NxN, toc o
,
- V du : N = 16, F=150Mbps, va W = 16
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
35/85
MOT SO PHAN T CHUYEN MACHOT SO PHAN T CHUYEN MACHTHC TE
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
36/85
PHAN T CHUYEN MACH KNOCKOUTHA N T CHUYE N MACH KNOCKOUT Cong bo vao nam 1987, do hang ATT Bell
Theo nguyen ly sap hang au ra
Co cau truc tap trung e giam yeu cau ve toc o bon au ra
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
37/85
PHAN T CHUYEN MACH KNOCKOUT
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
38/85
Bo giao tiep Buso giao tiep Bus
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
39/85
Bo tap trung - xac xuat mat cell trong botap trung
Xac xuat k cell ti ong thi tai au vao cua bo tap trung
1
k N k
k
k N
P PP C
N N
=
1
k N k
k
k N
P PP C
N N
=
1
k N k
k
k N
P PP C
N N
=
Neu ch co L cell qua bo tap trung th xac xuat mat cell la
[ ]1
1 _ ( ) 1
k N k
N k
Nk L
P PP cell loss k LP N N
C
= + =
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
40/85
Bo tap trung-xac suat mat cell trong bo ( )ap trung (tt)
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
41/85
Bo tap trung-xac suat mat cell trong bo taptrung (tt)
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
42/85
Bo tap trung-Hoat ongo tap trung Hoat ongBo tap trung c cau truc t 2 loai phan t: phan tchuyen mach 2x2 va phan t tre
input
D
winner loser output
Chuyen mach canh tranh 2x2 Phan t tre
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
43/85
Bo tap trung-Hoat ongo tap trung-Hoat ong
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
44/85
Bo em va bo dcho em va bo dch Co L bo em hoat ong nh ch la 1 hang i.
Bo dch thc hien hoat ong dch cac cell t bo tap trunga ra L bo em vi mot s am bao cac cell c lu ,
tren.
Cac cell c lay ra khoi L bo em e a ra au ra cung
theo th t t trai sang phai, t di len tren
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
45/85
H t b d hoat ong cua bo dch
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
46/85
PHAN T CHUYEN MACH ROXANNEHA N T CHUYE N MACH ROXANNE Do Alcatel a ra vao nam 1990.
Da tren nguyen ly sap hang trung tam.
Con c goi la ISE (Integrated Switching Element).
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
47/85
PHAN T CHUYEN MACH ROXANNE o ch c nang
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
48/85
PHAN T CHUYEN MACH CoprinHA N T CHUYE N MACH Coprin Do CMET thiet ke.o CMET thiet ke. Da tren nguyen ly sap hang trung tam. Mau au tien c thc hien vi ket noi280Mbps va cac cell co 15 byte payload vay p y
1 byte header.
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
49/85
PHAN T CHUYEN MACH CoprinHA N T CHUYEN MACH CoprinS o chc nang gom 4 phan chnh : Sieu a hp,bo em bo giai a hp va bo ieu khieno em, bo giai a hp va bo ieu khien
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
50/85
PHAN T CHUYEN MACH Coprin Boi hieu a h p
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
51/85
PHAN T CHUYEN MACH CoprinpBo sieu a h p
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
52/85
PHAN T CHUYEN MACH CoprinBo em va bo giai a hp
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
53/85
PHAN T CHUYEN MACH Coprin
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
54/85
PHAN T CHUYEN MACH AthenaHA N T CHUYE N MACH Athena
c cong bo vao nam 1987c cong bo vao nam 1987. Phan t chuyen mach Athena au tienco kch c 16x16 va toc o cua moi lienket la 600 Mbps. Da tren nguyen ly sap hang au ra.
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
55/85
PHAN T CHUYEN MACH AthenaS h o chc nang
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
56/85
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
57/85
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM - Nguyen ly ang lien ke t a tan MIN (MultistageInterconnection Network)
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
58/85
Nguyen ly Mang t nh tuyen Deltaguyen ly Mang t nh tuyen Delta
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
59/85
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM-Nguyen ly-ac at iem chnh cua khung Delta
Chung c cau truc t nhng phan t g pchuyen mach bxb giong nhau.Do mo hnh lien ket va ieu hoa taoo mo hnh lien ket va ieu hoa taocho chung rat phu hp cho cong nghe h h l ch hp c rat ln
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
60/85
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM - Nguyeny-Cac at iem chnh cua khung Delta
Chung co ac tnh t nh tuyen va yeu cau (k h th th h t ) on so (kch thc cua the nh tuyen) enh tuyen cho mot cell i t loi vao ti loibograChung gom tang, moi tang co N/bhung gom tang, moi tang co N/bphan t chuyen mach c ban
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
61/85
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM -N l C h h D lguyen ly-Canh tranh trong mang Delta
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
62/85
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM Nguyen ly ac giai phap giam tac nghen trong khungchuyen mach
1. Cung cap cac bo em (hang i) trong oi phan t chuyen mach trong khungchuyen mach.2. Tang toc o lien ket ben trong cua khungso vi lien ket ben ngoai nham giam taio vi lien ket ben ngoai nham giam tailien ket ben trong e at c xac suath t h b 0anh tranh bang 0.
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM Nguyen ly
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
63/85
C i i h i h khac giai phap giam tac nghen trong khungchuyen mach3. Dung mot c che ap ng phan hoi backpressure) gia cac node chuyen
mach e tri hoan viec truyen cell bnghen.4 Dung nhieu mang song song (a mat. Dung nhieu mang song song (a matbang) e cung cap nhieu con ng ii l i l iia loi vao va loi ra.
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM Nguyen ly
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
64/85
C i i h i h khac giai phap gia m tac nghen trong khungchuyen mach5 T hi li k t b t i . Tao nhieu lien ket ben trong gia cacnode chuyen mach . ieu nay co the gay t th t ll ti a s mat th t cua cac cell ti au racua khung chuyen mach, a en mot
h l i ll hu cau sap xep lai cac cell au ra cuakhung.
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
65/85
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATMCac loai khung chuyen mach
Co 2 loai khung :o 2 loai khung :1. Khung co nghen ben trong (co mat cell).2. Khung khong co nghen ben trong (khongmat cell)at cell).
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
66/85
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATMKhung co nghen be n trong T le mat cell tuy thuoc vao phng thc le mat cell tuy thuoc vao phng thcnh tuyen trong khung
Ph l i h th h t th 2han loai phng thc nh tuyen theo 2thong so : Thi iem quyet nh nh tuyena ni cha thong tin nh tuyen
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
67/85
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATMKhung co nghen be n trongNi cha Cell based Network basedi chaThong tin
thi iemCell based(Routing
tag)Network based(Routing
table)hi iemquyet nh tag) table)Connection based I IIIonnection based I IIICell based II IVell based II IV
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
68/85
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATMKhung co nghen be n trongKhung chuyen mach Roxanne MIN co nghen ben trong (co mat cell)
Dung nh tuyen kieu II va kieu IVung nh tuyen kieu II va kieu IV S dung hoat ong phan bo e giam tac
nghenDung phan t chuyen mach ISEung phan t chuyen mach ISE
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
69/85
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
70/85
Khung co nghen be n trongKhung chuyen mach Roxanne Ap dungt i i h i t h ot so giai phap giam tac nghen : Chon kch c hang i trung tam cuag gphan t chuyen mach sao cho thoanhng ieu khoan ve t le mat cell va taihng ieu khoan ve t le mat cell va tai Dung c che phan bo lu thong toi a
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
71/85
Khung co nghen be n trongKhung chuyen mach Roxanne Ap dunghung chuyen mach Roxanne Ap dungmot so giai phap giam tac nghen :
D hi t b h hung nhieu mat bang chuyen mach Tao nhieu con ng i -> khungg
Roxanne con c goi la mang t nhtuyen a ng.uyen a ng.
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
72/85
Kh h h R Kh Khung co nghen be n trong
Khung chuyen mach Roxanne Kha nang m rong
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
73/85
Kh h h R M d l h hKhung co nghen be n trong
Khung chuyen mach Roxanne Module chuyen mach
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
74/85
Khung co nghen be n trongKhung chuyen mach Roxanne Mot so hoatong va ac iemong va ac iem 1 TSU tap trung 128 au cuoi
M i lien ket vao qua TS c khai trienthanh 2 -> giam tai phan nap Cac tang phan bo : TSi, ASi, PS1i
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
75/85
Khung co nghen be n trongKhung chuyen mach Roxanne Mot so hoaty ong va ac iem
Cac tang nh tuyen : PS AS va PSac tang nh tuyen : PS2, AS0 va PS10 Cac module chuyen mach c giam sat
ien tuc e phat hien h hong va co lap
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
76/85
Khung co nghen be n trongKhung chuyen mach Roxanne Mot so hoatong va ac iemong va ac iem Cac cell en au ra cua khung khong
th th t (d t heo ung th t (do nguyen tac ang) do o phai sap xep lai au ra Dch vu multicast s dung nh tuyenloai IVoai IV
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM Khungg
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
77/85
khong co nghen be n trong (khong mat cell)G 2 l iom 2 loai : Co bo em ben trong (khung St.Louis) g ( g ) Khong co bo em ben trong(khungB t h B )atcher - Banyan)
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
78/85
Khung khong co nghen be n trongKhung St.Louis
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
79/85
Khung St.LouisCac khoi chc nang cua SFKhung khong co nghen be n trongg g
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
80/85
Khung St.Louis Phan t chuyen mach c banKhung khong co nghen be n trongg y St.Louis
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
81/85
Khung khong co nghen be n trongKhung St.Louis Cac giai phap tranh nghenT li k b khoc o cua cac lien ket ben trong khunggap oi so vi lien ket ben ngoai Dung c che backpresureDung mang phan bo DNung mang phan bo DN
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
82/85
Kh kh h b Khung St.Louis Mang CopyKhung khong co nghen be n trong
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
83/85
Khung St.Louis Giai thuat copyIf Khung khong co nghen be n trongIf en Begin DuplicateIff - Upper: FANOUT = (FANOUT + 1)/2
Lower: FANOUT = FANOUT / 2 Else Upper : FANOUT = FANOUT / 2
Lower : FANOUT = (FANOUT +1)/2 EndEl Else str ute tra c as nS: so tang (em t phai sang trai) bat au t 0
KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
84/85
Khung khong co nghen be n trongKhung Batcher - Banyan Tranh cac luong cell ung o nhau trong khung g g gbang cach sap xep lai cac cell loi vao mang t
nh tuyeny Gom 2 mang :Batcher : sap xep lai cac cell theo th t auatcher : sap xep lai cac cell theo th t aura cua chung, nho ben tren va ln ben di h oBanyan : T nh tuyen
8/9/2019 CHUYN MCH ATM
85/85