The East Asian SeasThe East

Asian Seas

Marine Pollution Preventionand Management in the East Asian Seas (MPP-EAS)1994-199911 countriesUS$ 8 million

Building Partnerships inEnvironmental Managementfor the Seas of East Asia(PEMSEA)1999-200411 countriesUS$ 16.2 million

Local Implementation of

Environment-related

International Conventions

Framework for Multi-stakeholderParticipation

PovertyAlleviation

Local GovernanceEcosystem Management

Integrated Coastal Management

Integrated Coastal Management

Framework forEnvironmentalInvestment

Ecosystem Approach: Integrated Coastal

and Marine Management

Ecosystem Approach: Integrated Coastal

and Marine Management

Ecosystem and human defined boundaries.

Integrated planning, management and coordinating framework allow cross-sectoral, interagency concerns to be addressed.

ICM development and implementing cycle provides a gradual process in managing human use of the goods and services generated by the ecosystems, thus allowing continuous efforts for policy, technological and other management interventions.

Ecosystem Approach: Integrated Coastal and

Marine Management

Ecosystem Approach: Integrated Coastal and

Marine Management

• Clearly defined stakeholders whose interests intersect ecosystem at different points.

• Common vision, strategies, action plans provide a long-term, systematic, and ecosystem approach to resource management, thereby ensuring production of goods and services at sustainable level.

ICM Conceptual BoundaryICM Conceptual Boundary

The ICM conceptual boundary encompassing the watershed and the extent of Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is also the seaward boundary of most large marine ecosystems (LMEs). Also shown are operational boundaries or the general area of existing management boundaries of most countries which extend from an administrative boundary or high tide line to territorial seas.

ICM Program Development and Implementation Cycle

Measuring the Effectiveness and Viability of ICM

Performance indicators

process

stress reducing

sustainability

environmental status

Levels of attainment

problem identification and program formulation

program implementation

program sustainability

program’s impacts

ICM Working ModelsICM Working Models

Brunei

Darussalam

Cambodia

China

DPR Korea

Indonesia

Malaysia

Philippines

RO Korea

Singapore

Thailand

Vietnam

Japan *

*Subject to further

confirmation

ICM Demonstration and Parallel Sites and Pollution Hot Spots

ICM Demonstration and Parallel Sites and Pollution Hot Spots

Bohai SeaBohai Sea

Manila BayManila Bay

Gulf ofThailandGulf ofThailand

Malacca StraitsMalacca Straits

Ecosystem Management of Subregional Seas

Systematic, programmatic approach.

Simultaneously considers resources, human activities, ecosystem processes and their interactions.

Risk assessment and risk management approach promote effective stakeholders participation and the use of policy and science in management decision making.

Close coordination and mutually supportive ICM approach such as local implementation of international conventions.

Risk Assessment and Management in SubregionalSea Areas/Pollution Hot Spots

Bohai SeaBohai Sea

Manila BayManila BayGulf ofThailandGulf ofThailand

Malacca StraitsMalacca Straits

Institutional Arrangements

Response Compensation/ Restoration

RiskAssessment

EnvironmentalMonitoring

CapacityBuilding

Environmental Management Framework

Impediments to Designing and Implementing Regional Projects

Determination and prioritization of transboundary environmental issues.

Varying levels of national capability.

Political sensitivity in relation to national boundary disputes.

Varying economic, cultural, technological and political backgrounds.

Proficiency in common language used.

Solutions to Impediments of Regional Project Design and Implementation

Consensus building amongst national experts and key stakeholders.

Creating opportunity for south-south cooperation.

Avoid political, cultural sensitive issues.

Allow national project staff to use own language in report writing but ensuring their understanding and target of project activities.

Provide special capacity building program to narrow the gap of disparity between countries.

Pre-project training on project development and implementation.