NO

TA

TIO

N

NO

TA

TIO

N

SYST

EM

ER

A

PR

OT

ER

OZ

OIC

PR

AR

CH

EA

N A

R

NEOPROTEROZOIC

MESOPROTEROZOIC

PALEOPROTEROZOIC

NEOARCHEAN

MESOARCHEAN

PALEOARCHEAN

EOARCHEAN

NEOPROTEROZOIC III

CRYOGENIAN

TONIAN

STENIAN

ECTASIAN

CALYMMIAN

STATHERIAN

OROSIRIAN

RHYACIAN

SIDERIAN

No subdivision

into periods

650

540

850

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2050

2300

2500

2800

3200

3600

GSSA

GSSA

GSSA

GSSA

GSSA

GSSA

GSSA

GSSA

GSSA

GSSA

NP3

NP2

NP1

MP3

MP2

MP1

PP4

PP3

PP2

PP1

NP

MP

PP

NA

MA

PA

EA

P R

E C

A M

B R

I A

N

PC

EO

NO

TH

EM

EO

N

ER

AT

HE

ME

RA

SYST

EM

PE

RIO

D

SER

IES

EP

OC

H

STA

GE

AG

E

STA

GE

NO

TA

TIO

N

STA

GE

NO

TA

TIO

N

G

G

G

G

INTERNATIONAL STRATIGRAPHIC CHART

Status of GSSPs in January 2002 (updated by James Ogg)

ICSInternational Commission on Stratigraphy

International Union of Geological SciencesS CU E ON

SER

IES

NO

TA

TIO

N

SYST

EM

NO

TA

TIO

N

SER

IES

NO

TA

TIO

N

SYST

EM

NO

TA

TIO

N

GSSP

GSSP

O

O1

O2

C1

C2

C3

C

GSSP

GSSPd3

d2

d1

D1

DGSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

s8

C2

C1

C

d7

d6

d5

D3

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

s6

s4

s3

s2

s1

s5

S1

S2

S3

S

O3

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

p3

p2

p1

P

p4

p7

p6

p5

p8P

P

p9

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

Q2

Q1

Q

N2

N1

Nn6

n4

n3

n2

n1

n5

e9

e8

e6

e4

e3

e2

e1

e5

e7

E3

E2

E1

E

k6

k4

k3

k2

k1

k5

K2

K1

Kb6

b4

b3

b2

b1

b5

j6

j4j3j2j1

j5

j7

J1

J3

J2

J

t6

t4t3t2t1

t5

t7

T1

T2

T3

T

l4l3l2l1

d4D2

Ma

PH

AN

ER

OZ

OIC

PH

PA

LE

OZ

OIC

P

Z

ID

EV

ON

AN

CA

RB

ON

IFE

RO

US

PE

RM

IAN

SIL

UR

IAN

OR

DO

VIC

IAN

CA

MBR

IAN

LOPINGIAN

GUADALUPIAN

CISURALIAN

PRIDOLI

LUDLOW

WENLOCK

LLANDOVERY

Darriwilian

"second stage"

"third stage"

"fifth stage"

"sixth stage"

Tremadocian

Rhuddanian

Aeronian

Telychian

Sheinwoodian

Homerian

Gorstian

Ludfordian

Lochkovian

Pragian

Emsian

Eifelian

Givetian

Frasnian

Famennian

Asselian

Sakmarian

Artinskian

Kungurian

Roadian

Wordian

Capitanian

Wuchiapingian

Changhsingian

s7

S4

SEP

M S

pec.

Vol

. #54

(19

95)

AG

E

EO

NO

TH

EM

EO

N

ER

AT

HE

ME

RA

SYST

EM

PE

RIO

D

SER

IES

EP

OC

H

STA

GE

AG

E

EO

NO

TH

EM

EO

N

ER

AT

HE

ME

RA

SYST

EM

PE

RIO

D

Subc

omm

issi

ons

or o

ther

sou

rces

(Def

ines

the

seE

ras

and

Per

iods

)

AG

E

AG

E

Ma

C

EN

OZ

OIC

CZ

PH

AN

ER

OZ

OIC

PH

HOLOCENE

PLEISTOCENE

PLIOCENE

MIOCENE

OLIGOCENE

EOCENE

PALEOCENE

UPPER/LATE

UPPER/LATE

UPPER/LATE

ME

SO

ZO

ICM

Z

LOWER/EARLY

LOWER/EARLY

LOWER/EARLY

MIDDLE

MIDDLE

TR

IAS

SIC

JUR

AS

SIC

CR

ET

AC

EO

US

PA

LE

OG

EN

EN

EO

GE

NE

GelasianPiacenzianZanclean

Calabrian

MessinianTortonian

SerravallianLanghian

Burdigalian

Aquitanian

Chattian

RupelianPriabonian

BartonianLutetian

Ypresian

Thanetian

Selandian

DanianMaastrichtian

Campanian

Santonian

Coniacian

Turonian

CenomanianAlbian

Aptian

BarremianHauterivian

Valanginian

Berriasian

TithonianKimmeridgian

OxfordianCallovian

BathonianBajocianAalenian

ToarcianPliensbachian

SinemurianHettangian

Rhaetian

Norian

Carnian

Ladinian

Anisian

Olenekian

Induan

0.01

+/-

1.81

2.58

3.60

5.32

7.12

11.2

14.8

16.4

20.5

23.8

65.5

61.0

57.9

55.0

41.3

49.0

37.0

28.5

33.7

142.0

136.5

127.0

132.0

121.0

112.2

98.9

93.5

89.0

85.8

83.5

71.3

150.7

154.1

159.4

164.4

169.2

176.5

180.1

189.6

195.3

201.9

205.1

209.6

220.7

227.4

234.3

241.7

244.8

2.6

2.2

1.9

1.6

1.4

1.1

0.6

0.2

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.1

3.0

3.3

3.6

3.8

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.9

3.9

4.0

4.1

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

250 4.8

251.4

253.4

265

292

283

320

3.6

3.6

Gzhelian

Kazimovian

Moscovian

Bashkirian

Visean

Serpukhovian

+/-

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

4Tournaisian

467.5 3

545

342

327

c

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

P

354

364

370

380

391

400

412

417

419

423

428

440

495

500

520LOWER/EARLY

LOWER/EARLY

MISSISSIPPIAN

MIDDLE

MIDDLE

PENNSYLVANIAN

UPPER/LATE

LOWER/EARLY

UPPER/LATE

UPPER/LATE

MIDDLE

n7

9n8n

2

c

c

c

c

c

c

1

3

Compiled by Jurgen Remane, Chairman of the International Commission of Stratigraphy (ICS) with the collaboration of all ICS Subcommissions, A. FAURE-MURET (Université Paris Sud) and G.S. ODIN (ICS-CNRS)Edited by an intercommission working group with J:REMANE, M.B. CITA (IUGS-ICS); J. DERCOURT, P.BOUYSSE (CGMW);F. REPETTO (Unesco) and A. FAURET- MURET (UPS)

Composition : G. ROCHE and L. DAUMAS (CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Orsay)

This 2000 edition of the International Stratigraphic Chart is intended to give a clear picture of the present state of the art in chronostratigraphic subdivisions of geological time, mentionning only units recommended for international use. A typographical distinction is made between formal, semiformal and informal units.The 1986 Guidelines of ICS (COWIE et al, 1986)and their recent revision (REMANE et al, 1996) regulate the definition of the international chronostratigraphic/geochronologic units. The Revised Guidelines were voted by the full commission of ICS as a mandatory document. Both versions of the guidelines stipulate that global chronostratigraphic units are not defined by unit-stratotypes, but their lower boundary only, following the principle introduced with the definition of the base of the Devonian in 1972 (MARTINSSON, 1977). This is indeed the only way to arrive at a global chronostratigraphic scale made of strictly contiguous units. Phanerozoic global chronostratigraphic boundaries are formally defined by a Global Standard Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP - COWIE et al, 1986), whereas Precambrian chronostratigraphic boundaries are formally defined in terms of absolute ages : Global Standard Stratigraphic Age (GSSA- REMANE et al, 1996). In order to to become mandatory, a boundary definition as to be accepted by 60% majority in successive votes, first by the working group responsible for the choice of the GSSP, then by the concerned Subcommission of ICS and finally by the Full Commission of ICS. With its ratification through IUGS, the GSSP or GSSA becomes mandatory.FORMAL UNITS (in bold characters) are all the those which have their lower boundary defined by a GSSP or GSSA voted by ICS in accordance with the Guidelines and ratified by IUGS. Proposed GSSPs (in bold italic) are pending ratification. SEMIFORMAL UNITS (normal characters): Several Subcommissions of ICS (Neogene, Paleogene, Jurassic, Triassic, Permian) have conducted a formal vote by postal ballot about the stage names which should be used and codified by a GSSP. But as long as no GSSP has been formally adopted, these units, recommendable as they are, have no formal status. INFORMAL UNITS (in italics) are not formally adopted by the Subcommissions. The subdivisions used in the present Global Chart, are based on the proposals made by the concerned Subcommissions. Simplified subdivisions have, however been adopted for the Carboniferous and the Ordovician, in order to maintain the necessary homogeneity of presentation. The complete versions were included in the detailed explanatory note. Also some traditional names which are becoming obsolete have been omitted : Lias, Dogger, Malm in the Jurassic and Tertiary in the Cenozoic (the latter already abandoned in the first edition of this chart). "Tertiary" can be used as an informal name like Permotrias. Numerical ages of the Phanerozoic chronostratigraphic boundaries were provided by Subcommission summaries, compilation in Episodes (1997) by Gradstein & Ogg, or other sources, and are subject to revision.The letter/number symbols used for divisions down to stage/age rank and the colours of the individual units are established by the CGMW, taking as a basis its Geological Atlas of the World. This chart is updated periodically during its general assemblies occuring within the International Geological Congress and upon ratification of GSSPs by IUGS.

Commission de la Carte Geologiquedu Monde

Commission on the Geological Mapof the World

Qua

tern

ary

S1-153/215/179Llandovery

Q2-255/251/240Holocene

N2-255/255/153Pliocene

E3-254/224/144Oligocene

K2-226/243/152Upper Cretaceous

J3-179/226/230Upper Jurassic

T3-228/197/225Upper Triassic

P3-250/154/163Lopingian

C2-153/196/181Pennsylvanian

D3-204/206/169Upper Devonian

S4-245/251/240Pridoli

O3-102/192/146Upper Ordovician

Ca3-215/211/170Upper Cambrian

Q1-255/247/176Pleistocene

N1-255/255/0Miocene

E2-254/209/59Eocene

K1-65/170/84Lower Cretaceous

J2-179/215/232Middle Jurassic

T2-177/137/193Middle Triassic

P2-240/150/82Guadalupian

C1-103/148/109Mississippian

D2-153/165/109Middle Devonian

S3-226/244/224Ludlow

O2-65/156/104Middle Ordovician

Ca2-182/174/109Middle Cambrian

E1-235/192/109Paleocene

J1-0/160/198Lower Jurassic

T1-152/57/153Lower Triassic

P1-202/60/64Cisuralian

D1-153/148/73Lower Devonian

S2-197/232/195Wenlock

O1-1/128/85Lower Ordovician

Ca1-102/169/75Lower Cambrian

PC-247/67/112Precambrian

PhanerozoicPH-154/217/229

PR-251/154/148Proterozoic

AR-240/2/127Archaen

CZ-250/253/1Cenozoic

MZ-103/197/202Mesozoic

PZ-153/192/141Paleozoic

NP-254/179/67Neoproterozoic

MP-253/180/105Mesoproterozoic

PP-247/67/115Paleoproterozoic

NA-249/155/197Neoarchaen

MA-234/102177Mesoarchaen

PA-244/68/159Paleoarchaen

EA-218/2/127Eoarchaen

Q-254/230/146Quaternary

N-255/232/0Neogene

E-253/154/82Paleogene

K-197/229/71Cretaceous

J-226/244/224Jurassic

T-107/1/125Triassic

P-240/64/40Permian

C-103/171/160Carboniferous

D-203/140/55Devonian

S-179/226/208Silurian

O-0/146/112Ordovician

CambrianCa-64/133/33

Color code according to the COMMISSION DE LA CARTEGEOLOGIQUE DU MONDE (CCGM), {Commission for theGeological Map of the World (CGMW)}, Paris, France.

Explanation:The color code is in RGB code.For example D-203/140/55 represents Devonian with thecolor mix of 203 Red, 140 Green, and 55 Blue.