Drs. Liliek Soepriatmadji, M.Pd. © 2008

CHOOSING A CODE

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Kontrakkuliah; Kontrakbelajar; Intro; BPd:form&function; BPd:compre&mem; BPs:syntax&Prod; BPs:compre&mem; BPw:meaningmem&perception; Quiz1; BPss:articulation& perception; DP:gettingstarted&phondevel; DP:develofsemantics&discourseskill; DP:syntax devel; AP:bilinguallangprocess; AP:language&brain; Quiz2

Drs. Liliek Soepriatmadji, M.Pd. © 2008

Control over languagesBilingualismMultilingualismBilingualMultilingual

Kontrakkuliah; Kontrakbelajar; Intro; BPd:form&function; BPd:compre&mem; BPs:syntax&Prod; BPs:compre&mem; BPw:meaningmem&perception; Quiz1; BPss:articulation& perception; DP:gettingstarted&phondevel; DP:develofsemantics&discourseskill; DP:syntax devel; AP:bilinguallangprocess; AP:language&brain; Quiz2

Drs. Liliek Soepriatmadji, M.Pd. © 2008

Types of bilingualism Horizontal bilingualism: where the language has a social

status in the official, cultural, and family contexts.

Diagonal bilingualism: where there is only one official language.

Vertical bilingualism: where languages and dialects are involved besides the official language

Kontrakkuliah; Kontrakbelajar; Intro; BPd:form&function; BPd:compre&mem; BPs:syntax&Prod; BPs:compre&mem; BPw:meaningmem&perception; Quiz1; BPss:articulation& perception; DP:gettingstarted&phondevel; DP:develofsemantics&discourseskill; DP:syntax devel; AP:bilinguallangprocess; AP:language&brain; Quiz2

Drs. Liliek Soepriatmadji, M.Pd. © 2008

Consequence of bilingualism and multilingualism The practice of Code Switching

Code: language (neutral, not like dialect, variety, pidgin, creole, lingua franca, etc)

Switching: alternating, mixing, shifting mixing, using two languages (of limited use:

word/phrases) in a turn switching, using more than one language within a turn alternating/shifting: using more than one language with

different speakers between turns

Kontrakkuliah; Kontrakbelajar; Intro; BPd:form&function; BPd:compre&mem; BPs:syntax&Prod; BPs:compre&mem; BPw:meaningmem&perception; Quiz1; BPss:articulation& perception; DP:gettingstarted&phondevel; DP:develofsemantics&discourseskill; DP:syntax devel; AP:bilinguallangprocess; AP:language&brain; Quiz2

Drs. Liliek Soepriatmadji, M.Pd. © 2008

Code switching Inter-sentential code switching

• Did you know it? Ah, gitu saja kok ndak ngerti. Intra-sentential code switching

• Although he regretted his behaviour, confessed that he did something rude to her, and apologized for what he did to her, she still considered him as kurang ajar.

Code Switching/Code Mixing Borrowings or loan words

• cuisine, restaurant, menu, soup, etc Transfer

• buy green things Internal code switching: from one type of regional language to another within one

national language External code switching: from a native language to a foreign language or from a

foreign language into a native language Situational CS (formal-informal, official-personal, serious-humorous, politeness-

solidarity), and Metaphorical CS (change of topic requires to change)

Kontrakkuliah; Kontrakbelajar; Intro; BPd:form&function; BPd:compre&mem; BPs:syntax&Prod; BPs:compre&mem; BPw:meaningmem&perception; Quiz1; BPss:articulation& perception; DP:gettingstarted&phondevel; DP:develofsemantics&discourseskill; DP:syntax devel; AP:bilinguallangprocess; AP:language&brain; Quiz2

Drs. Liliek Soepriatmadji, M.Pd. © 2008

Purpose of switching code to appeal to the literate to appeal to the illiterate to convey a more exact meaning to ease communication, i. e., utilizing the shortest and the easiest

route to negotiate with greater authority to capture attention, i. e., stylistic, emphatic, emotional to reiterate a point to communicate more effectively to identify with a particular group to close the status gap to establish goodwill and support