CHOMSKYAN REVOLUTIONThe impact on

PSYCHOLINGUISTICSin the 1970s

Noam Chomsky

“Children have an innate faculty that guides them in their learning of language”

Klima & Bellugi (1966)

Slobin (1970)

Brown (1973)is the person who had developed the first study on L1 morpheme acquisition.

STUDY OF language ACQUISITION in young children

Found that children all over the world go through SIMILAR STAGES and use SIMILAR CONSTRUCTIONS

LANGUAGE STAGE CRYING

Receptive Language

Even new babies are aware of the sounds in the environment.

The babies cry if there is an unexpected noise.

Loud noises wake them, and they become "still" in response to new sounds.

BEGINNING AGE BIRTH

Expressive Language

Newborn babies make sounds that let others know that they are experiencing pleasure or pain.

The baby can distinguish mother's voice from another woman's voice.

Your baby's first attempts to communicate her needs and emotions

FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

FROM SIX WEEKS TO THREE MONTHS

Crying and Fussing* A baby runs the vocal apparatus.*Babies express

welfare and discomfort.* Babies use

“crying” voluntarily.

*They distinguish some sounds:

/pa/ /ma/ /ba/ /ga/* They use nasalized

consonants: nga, nga.

FROM FOURTH TO SIX MONTHS

Piaget says: At this stage a child changes form circular primary reactions to circular secondary reactions.

Coos and guttural noises produce effect around babies.

Sounds should be understood, interpreted and answered by the mother.

SEVEN AND EIGHT MONTHS

A child performs multiple spontaneous vocalizations.

Alternating vocalizations between mother and child will allow early access to language.

ONE – WORD UTTERANCES 1 year

Functions of the word: w ord refers to object ex. Ba for bottleGrammatical function Ex. ba for I want my bottle Social function: ex. Bye - hi

Children often make overextension the meaning of the words they know ex. Generalization dog for lambs, cats and cows as well as dogsUnderextension : there are many numbers of the samething in the world ex. Lots of cars in the world.

Vocabulary of more than 50 words

HOLOPHRASTIC: The word that carry meaning of the whole sentence

Two word utterances18 months

Holophrastic phrases

Couple of words put toghether which have no grammatical concept.

Two content words are used: nouns and verbs

- Agent + action baby

sleep- Action + object Kick ball- Entity + location teddy bed- Possessor + Possessive mommy

book

Children increase to 8 - 10 new words per week

Mini – sentences

with simple semantic relation

PLURAL FORMS

Sheep - sheeps Bread - breads

This is a bird Now there´s

another one There are two of

them.There are two……? birds

ERROR CORRECTION

Children don´t correct errors of adult overt

They correct errors on the basis of they have leart the forms individually.

EX. Susan go home - David play toyThe acquisition of certain structures are predictable .Function words and function morphemes appear.

Simplified form to acquire morphemes1. Present progressive- boy singing2. Prepositions - dolly in car3. Plural – candies4. Past irregular – broke5. Possesive – baby´s book6. Past regular – wanted7. Auxiliar be – he is running

THIS SHOE ALL WET, CAT DRINK MILK, AND DADDY GO BYE BYE.

WORD INFLECTION 2 YEARS OLDSPEECH BECOMES

TELEGRAPHIC : it means utterances commonly used when sending a telegram

BY 3 YEARSSPEECH IS USUALLY FLUENT AND CLEAR

* Use 3-5 word sentences* Ask short questions (what or

where)* Have a vocabulary of about

900-1000 words

* Engage in simple sentences* Combine four or more words* Talk about things that have happened away from home,

preschool

Speak clearly and fluently in an easy-to-listen-to voice.

Have a vocabulary of about 1500 to

2500 words.Use sentences of 5 or more wordsUnderstand simple (who, what and

where questions.Can answer simple

questions about them.

Can construct long and detailed sentences

Most sound are pronounced

correctlyUse adult – like grammar

BY 4 YEARS

BY 5 YEARS

COMPLEX CONSTRUC

TION

Know common opposites

Pronounce words clearly

Speak in complex and compound

sentences

BY 6 YEARS

BY 7 YEARS

Recognize sounds, patterns,

meaning and uses

Reccognize more words

by sight

Their vocabularies continue to grow

Can apply reading

comprenhension strategies

Their writing is more

developed and

engaging

BY 8 YEARS

KNOWLEDGE OF TEXT

STRUCTURES

BY 9 YEARS

Reading skill with strong fluency and

comprehension

Writing skill with accurate sentence

structure and punctuation

Critical thinking

starting to emerge

More complex sentences

usedIncreased in vocabulary

BY 10 YEARS MATURE SPEECH PATTERNS

Have speech patterns that are nearly at an adult levelDevelop an understanding of multiple meaning and relationships between words

CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION (1970) Children go through stages. Children have individual progress. The stages are similar across

languages. Child language is systematic. A child do not need to correspond

to adult. Children are resistant to correction.