Chinese Culture and Psychological Disorder 中華文化与心理病態學香港浸信會神學院 Melvin W. Wong, Ph.D. 黃偉康博士 Licensed Clinical Psychologist ChristianMentalHealth.com

Chinese Culture and Chinese Culture and Psychological DisorderPsychological Disorder中華文化与心理病態學中華文化与心理病態學

香港浸信會神學院香港浸信會神學院Melvin W. Wong, Melvin W. Wong, Ph.D.Ph.D.

黃偉康博士黃偉康博士Licensed Clinical Psychologist Licensed Clinical Psychologist

ChristianMentalHealthChristianMentalHealth.com.comStudents@[email protected]

Course DescriptionCourse Description

This is an intensive graduate introductory course This is an intensive graduate introductory course in the relationship between Chinese culture and in the relationship between Chinese culture and

psychopathologypsychopathology

It is designed to help mental health professionals It is designed to help mental health professionals and ministry leaders in discerning the and ministry leaders in discerning the counseling needs of a client, patient or a counseling needs of a client, patient or a congregation member.congregation member.

Students will be expected to know the strengths and Students will be expected to know the strengths and pitfalls of the Chinese culture in helping someone with a pitfalls of the Chinese culture in helping someone with a family problems or a disorder. The pastor will know family problems or a disorder. The pastor will know when to make a referral.when to make a referral.

Class TimeClass Time

09:00 to 10:30 AM09:00 to 10:30 AM Instruction session 1Instruction session 1

10:30 to 10:45 AM10:30 to 10:45 AM Break 1Break 1

10:45 to 12:00 PM10:45 to 12:00 PM Instruction session 2Instruction session 2

12:00 to 01:00 PM12:00 to 01:00 PM Lunch Lunch

01:00 to 02:30 PM01:00 to 02:30 PM Instruction 3 (or film)Instruction 3 (or film)

02:30 to 02:45 PM02:30 to 02:45 PM Break 2Break 2

02:45 to 05:00 PM02:45 to 05:00 PM Instruction session 4Instruction session 4

05:00 to 05:30 PM05:00 to 05:30 PM Q/A Individual TimeQ/A Individual Time

Course RequirementsCourse Requirements

Class Attendance & Finish the ReaderClass Attendance & Finish the Reader

Each student is expected to complete Each student is expected to complete either either one one of the following two paper of the following two paper

assignmentsassignments

Paper 1: Paper 1: A Case StudyA Case Study

oror

Paper 2: Paper 2: A Theoretical Study-presentationA Theoretical Study-presentation


Paper 1: Paper 1: A case study of the impact of culture on one A case study of the impact of culture on one aspect of a psychological symptom (of a person; a aspect of a psychological symptom (of a person; a client, a congregation member or family member)client, a congregation member or family member). .

Students are required to present a study of an Students are required to present a study of an individual (someone that you have counseled, individual (someone that you have counseled, someone that you know as a friend or relative) will someone that you know as a friend or relative) will suffice. suffice.

Give an Give an introductionintroduction, a , a family history family history with a with a genogramgenogram, , a description of the a description of the one-symptom one-symptom that marks the that marks the pathologypathology, a , a formulationformulation of the cultural correlation and of the cultural correlation and some suggestion for a brief some suggestion for a brief treatment treatment recommendationrecommendation. .


(No differential diagnosis is required.) (No differential diagnosis is required.)

A BRIEF written (not more than 10 pages) A BRIEF written (not more than 10 pages) summary is to summary is to be presented to the office by be presented to the office by the time as set forth by the seminary office. the time as set forth by the seminary office. Do not give paper to the instructor.Do not give paper to the instructor.

While paper presentation in class is not required, While paper presentation in class is not required, extra credit could be earned and students are extra credit could be earned and students are encouraged to sign-up (by indicating to the encouraged to sign-up (by indicating to the instructor) to make their presentationsinstructor) to make their presentations

Paper 2: Paper 2: A theoretical study-A theoretical study-presentationpresentation

Paper 2: Paper 2: A theoretical study-presentation of A theoretical study-presentation of the impact of Chinese culture on the impact of Chinese culture on psychopathology as manifested in the clinical psychopathology as manifested in the clinical population (or church-based communities): population (or church-based communities): The Intervention recommendationsThe Intervention recommendations: :

Students are required to present a more detailed Students are required to present a more detailed theoretical study of the effects of the influence (subtle theoretical study of the effects of the influence (subtle

or obvious) on the development of psychological or obvious) on the development of psychological disorders, depending on the work environments of a disorders, depending on the work environments of a

student, such as a clinician or a minister. student, such as a clinician or a minister.

Paper 2: Paper 2: A theoretical study-A theoretical study-presentationpresentation

This paper is intended to facilitate the understanding This paper is intended to facilitate the understanding of the student in formulating a prevention response of the student in formulating a prevention response towards a wellness approach in their line of work. towards a wellness approach in their line of work.

A BRIEF written (not more than 10 pages) summary A BRIEF written (not more than 10 pages) summary is to be presented to the office by the time set forth is to be presented to the office by the time set forth by the seminary office. Do not give paper to the by the seminary office. Do not give paper to the instructor.instructor.

While paper presentation in class is not required, While paper presentation in class is not required, extra credit could be earned and students are extra credit could be earned and students are encouraged to sign-up (by indicating to the instructor) encouraged to sign-up (by indicating to the instructor) to make their presentationsto make their presentations

約書亞記約書亞記 Joshua Joshua 24:14-1524:14-15

現在你們要敬畏耶和華，誠現在你們要敬畏耶和華，誠心實意地事奉他，將你們心實意地事奉他，將你們列祖在大河那邊和在埃及列祖在大河那邊和在埃及所事奉的神除掉，去事奉所事奉的神除掉，去事奉耶和華。若是你們以事奉耶和華。若是你們以事奉耶和華為不好，今日就可耶和華為不好，今日就可以選擇所要事奉的：是你以選擇所要事奉的：是你們列祖在大河那邊所事奉們列祖在大河那邊所事奉的神呢？是你們所住這地的神呢？是你們所住這地的亞摩利人的神呢？至於的亞摩利人的神呢？至於我和我家，我們必定事奉我和我家，我們必定事奉

耶和華。」耶和華。」

"'Now fear the LORD and serve him "'Now fear the LORD and serve him with all faithfulness. Throw away with all faithfulness. Throw away

the gods your forefathers the gods your forefathers worshiped beyond the River and worshiped beyond the River and in Egypt, and serve the LORD. in Egypt, and serve the LORD. But if serving the LORD seems But if serving the LORD seems undesirable to you, then choose undesirable to you, then choose for yourselves this day whom for yourselves this day whom

you will serve, whether the gods you will serve, whether the gods your forefathers served beyond your forefathers served beyond

the River, or the gods of the the River, or the gods of the Amorites, in whose land you are Amorites, in whose land you are

living. But as for me and my living. But as for me and my household, we will serve the household, we will serve the

LORD." LORD."

Chinese is a “River Culture”Chinese is a “River Culture”

Fate of survival depends “nature’s ways”Fate of survival depends “nature’s ways”– Need for rain, sunshine, no flood, no pestsNeed for rain, sunshine, no flood, no pests

Communities are important for survivalCommunities are important for survival– During harvest time, floods and faminesDuring harvest time, floods and famines

Harmony is important for survivalHarmony is important for survival– Smooth interpersonal relationships facilitates workSmooth interpersonal relationships facilitates work

Non-aggressiveNon-aggressive (contrast with “Island Cultures”) (contrast with “Island Cultures”) Dependence on nature and conditions for cropsDependence on nature and conditions for crops Position of village-house critical to survivalPosition of village-house critical to survival

Chinese Cosmology: Triadic ForcesChinese Cosmology: Triadic ForcesBalance: Relationship-EmotionsBalance: Relationship-Emotions

Goal in life is to master the eternal balance of the Goal in life is to master the eternal balance of the three relationships between heaven, earth & men.three relationships between heaven, earth & men.

Heaven-Earth-Person: Relationship & Love BasedHeaven-Earth-Person: Relationship & Love Based ThereThere is a is a God in HeavenGod in Heaven: Sense: Sense of of JusticeJustice & & FairnessFairness

Parent-Child: Love analogous to heavenly loveParent-Child: Love analogous to heavenly love Ethnocentrism (Sinocentrism):Ethnocentrism (Sinocentrism):

Chinese PictographChinese Pictograph

狂狂The “animal inside” becomes “king” The “animal inside” becomes “king” (taking over our self-control and made us (taking over our self-control and made us do “crazy” “wild” and irrational things)do “crazy” “wild” and irrational things)

China: The Central KingdomChina: The Central Kingdom

中中國國




Parent-Child: Love analogous to heavenly loveParent-Child: Love analogous to heavenly love Ethnocentrism (Sinocentrism): Ethnocentrism (Sinocentrism): “foreign “foreign

devils.” Frame of reference: Idiosyncraticdevils.” Frame of reference: Idiosyncratic




Parent-Child: Love analogous to heavenly loveParent-Child: Love analogous to heavenly love Ethnocentrism (Sinocentrism): “foreign Ethnocentrism (Sinocentrism): “foreign

devils.” Frame of reference: Idiosyncraticdevils.” Frame of reference: Idiosyncratic– Familial-centrism: Family isolation & self-sufficiencyFamilial-centrism: Family isolation & self-sufficiency





devils.” Frame of reference: Idiosyncraticdevils.” Frame of reference: Idiosyncratic– Familial-centrism: Family isolation & self-sufficiencyFamilial-centrism: Family isolation & self-sufficiency– At the expense of women: Martyrdom, sacrifice.At the expense of women: Martyrdom, sacrifice.





devils.” Frame of reference: Idiosyncraticdevils.” Frame of reference: Idiosyncratic– Familial-centrism: Family isolation & self-sufficiencyFamilial-centrism: Family isolation & self-sufficiency– At the expense of women: Martyrdom, sacrifice.At the expense of women: Martyrdom, sacrifice.– “ “Us-against-them” mentality: a win-lose paradigm. Us-against-them” mentality: a win-lose paradigm.

The Triadic Balance The Triadic Balance (( 三三和和 )) of of Relationships and EmotionRelationships and Emotion

Heaven-Earth-Person: Relationship & Love BasedHeaven-Earth-Person: Relationship & Love Based– 天地有情天地有情

There is a God in Heaven: Sense of Justice & FairnessThere is a God in Heaven: Sense of Justice & Fairness

– 舉頭三尺有神靈舉頭三尺有神靈 Parent-Child: Love analogous to heavenly loveParent-Child: Love analogous to heavenly love

– 孝感動天孝感動天 Openness & Acceptance of ErrorsOpenness & Acceptance of Errors

– 人誰無過人誰無過

Fundamental Cultural ConceptsFundamental Cultural Concepts

Relationships of 3-Dynamic-Forces (Relationships of 3-Dynamic-Forces ( 三勢三勢 ))– Heaven, Earth & Person: Heaven, Earth & Person: 天地人天地人

Life goal: Master the balance of the three Powers Life goal: Master the balance of the three Powers – 天地人天地人 :: 天時天時 ,, 地利地利 ,, 人和人和 (( 三和三和 ))

Do not upset the spiritual balance in the Do not upset the spiritual balance in the relationships of these Triadic Forces (relationships of these Triadic Forces ( 三和三和 ) )

Physical (Geomantrics) Physical (Geomantrics) Feng-ShuiFeng-Shui ( ( 風水風水 ) ) – Integrate People with nature & ergonomics Integrate People with nature & ergonomics

(Yin-Yan) Spiritual Balance ((Yin-Yan) Spiritual Balance ( 陰陽變數陰陽變數 ))

What is Asian-Chinese culture?What is Asian-Chinese culture?

Asian-Chinese (Asian: Ethnic Chinese) is Asian-Chinese (Asian: Ethnic Chinese) is an extremely diversed group of Asians an extremely diversed group of Asians ethnically from all over Asian with different ethnically from all over Asian with different cultural, religious, economic and political cultural, religious, economic and political backgrounds. Koreans, Japanese, Chinese, backgrounds. Koreans, Japanese, Chinese, Taiwanese, South-East AsiansTaiwanese, South-East Asians (Vietnam, Laos, (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Burma, Thai, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia)Cambodia, Burma, Thai, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia)

As diversed as we areAs diversed as we are: There are common : There are common threads: Rice, Chop-sticks, Family Values, threads: Rice, Chop-sticks, Family Values, Education, Arts, with diversed ethnic subculturesEducation, Arts, with diversed ethnic subcultures

Asian-Chinese Cultural UnderstandingAsian-Chinese Cultural Understanding

Life is a stage: Role-playLife is a stage: Role-play 人生如舞台人生如舞台 Being a Person:Being a Person: 做人做人 == 做戲做戲 Life is about On-stage, Off-stage:Life is about On-stage, Off-stage: 上台上台 ,, 下台下台

– In an interpersonal shameful situation, it is In an interpersonal shameful situation, it is known as “hard to get off stage” known as “hard to get off stage” 難下台難下台

– To help, provide a graceful exit: To help, provide a graceful exit: 下台階下台階 Detested CharactersDetested Characters (animal-temperament) (animal-temperament)

– Human-faced, Animal hearted Human-faced, Animal hearted 人面獸心人面獸心– Wild-animalWild-animal put in a m put in a man’s dress an’s dress 衣冠禽獸衣冠禽獸

Asian-American Cultural UnderstandingAsian-American Cultural Understanding

Filial Piety (most favored virtue): EducationFilial Piety (most favored virtue): Education 老子老子 ,, 孝順孝順 ,, 老子文老子文 == 教教

Favors sons over daughters:Favors sons over daughters: 重男輕女重男輕女–子承父業子承父業–女子無才便是德女子無才便是德

Conformity & Self-Denial:Conformity & Self-Denial: 克己服禮為仁克己服禮為仁 Gentlemen vs. the ConceitedGentlemen vs. the Conceited:: 小人君子小人君子

Patterns of ImmigrationPatterns of Immigration

Bachelor laborerBachelor laborer Laborer and his village (mail order) brideLaborer and his village (mail order) bride Children of laborer and village brideChildren of laborer and village bride Bright scholar from big cities at ivy leagueBright scholar from big cities at ivy league Foreign students who stayedForeign students who stayed Pre-post 1997 political refugeesPre-post 1997 political refugees

– Bosses and professionalBosses and professional Children of Shanghainese elites: ivy leagueChildren of Shanghainese elites: ivy league

Asian-American Culture & PhilosophiesAsian-American Culture & Philosophies(* Local-Domestic Origins)(* Local-Domestic Origins)

*Confucianism *Confucianism 儒儒Buddhism Buddhism 釋釋*Taoism *Taoism 道道

Western-Christianity Western-Christianity 耶耶*Self-Material-Pragmatism*Self-Material-Pragmatism 錢錢

The Five-Hierarchical Harmonious Relationships The Five-Hierarchical Harmonious Relationships (The Five-Orders “Wu Lun”) (The Five-Orders “Wu Lun”) 五倫五倫

Copyright (C) Melvin W. Wong, Ph.D. 1996-2001Copyright (C) Melvin W. Wong, Ph.D. 1996-2001

Orders Relationships Virtues Manifestations Emotions Pathologies

1. The King & his subjects

Loyalty 忠

Obedience “Kowtow” Corruption

Domination- Fear

Antisocial

2. Father and son Filial Piety 孝

Deference Respect of

Elders

Respect-Shame

Rage

3. Older-brother & younger brother

Brotherly Love 愛

Dependency Respect-Conspiring

Divisiveness

4. Husband & Wife Love-Chastity

貞

Acceptance Power-Bitterness

Neurasthenia

5. Between Friends Trust 信任

Harmony Tactfulness Face-work

Order 1: The King and his SubjectsOrder 1: The King and his Subjects

君要臣死君要臣死 ,, 臣不死臣不死 ,, 不忠也不忠也If the king decrees death to his subject, if he If the king decrees death to his subject, if he

doesn’t kill himself; it is not loyaltydoesn’t kill himself; it is not loyalty Authoritarianism: Do as the king says, obeyAuthoritarianism: Do as the king says, obey

– Reinforces dependencyReinforces dependency: “Emperor's new clothes”: “Emperor's new clothes”

– Hypocrisy: “Public self vs. Private self” “Self-identity”Hypocrisy: “Public self vs. Private self” “Self-identity”– Externalized locus of control: Reduced personal responsibilityExternalized locus of control: Reduced personal responsibility

The all-powerful king: analogous with godThe all-powerful king: analogous with god Deified king: Idolized-worshipped the kingDeified king: Idolized-worshipped the king

Order 2: Father and SonOrder 2: Father and Son

父要子亡父要子亡 , , 子不亡子不亡 , , 不孝也不孝也If father wants his son to die, if he doesn’t kill If father wants his son to die, if he doesn’t kill

himself; it is not filial pietyhimself; it is not filial piety Fatherhood equals Kingdom governmentFatherhood equals Kingdom government Generalized authority to the elderlyGeneralized authority to the elderly : Wisdom: Wisdom AuthoritarianismAuthoritarianism: Do as the father says, obey: Do as the father says, obey

– Reinforces dependency: “Must please father”Reinforces dependency: “Must please father”– Externalized locus of control: Reduced personal responsibilityExternalized locus of control: Reduced personal responsibility

Filial PietyFilial Piety

Resulting virtue of a harmonious relationship Resulting virtue of a harmonious relationship between father and child is Filial Pietybetween father and child is Filial Piety

First-born son is most valued: first-born son is the First-born son is most valued: first-born son is the first child that can carry on the family lineagefirst child that can carry on the family lineage

Fathers have unquestioned authority over their childrenFathers have unquestioned authority over their children

– have the right to the lives of their children have the right to the lives of their children – The reasoning is that, “They are my own.”The reasoning is that, “They are my own.”

This virtue gave rise to patriarchy and nepotismThis virtue gave rise to patriarchy and nepotism Ancestor-worship (Idolization of ancestors)Ancestor-worship (Idolization of ancestors)

– Complex of respect and fear for the deceasedComplex of respect and fear for the deceased

Day TwoDay Two

Reciprocity-Entitlement-EmpathyReciprocity-Entitlement-Empathy

ReciprocityReciprocity (Family Culture Demands It) (Family Culture Demands It)– Duty > Personal Desire = Sacrifice; PaybackDuty > Personal Desire = Sacrifice; Payback– Trauma Re-Enactment of Mother-In-LawsTrauma Re-Enactment of Mother-In-Laws

EntitlementEntitlement (Takes It For Granted) (Takes It For Granted)– Do It, Give It, Or Else! (Shame-Guilt-Injury)Do It, Give It, Or Else! (Shame-Guilt-Injury)

Empathy (Lack of) “Form > Will”Empathy (Lack of) “Form > Will”– Do It-Perform It-You Don’t Have to Like ItDo It-Perform It-You Don’t Have to Like It– My Way > Your Needs (Self > Others)My Way > Your Needs (Self > Others)

Order 3: Older brother and younger brotherOrder 3: Older brother and younger brother

兄弟如手足兄弟如手足Brothers (older and younger) are like hands Brothers (older and younger) are like hands

and feet and feet (they are irreplaceable, blood is thicker than water)(they are irreplaceable, blood is thicker than water)

Older-brother in command during father’s absenceOlder-brother in command during father’s absence Facilitates family operations: Internally-externallyFacilitates family operations: Internally-externally AuthoritarianismAuthoritarianism:: Do as the brother says, obey Do as the brother says, obey

– Reinforces dependency: “Must please brother”Reinforces dependency: “Must please brother”– Externalized locus of control: Reduced personal responsibilityExternalized locus of control: Reduced personal responsibility

Order 4: Husband and Wife Order 4: Husband and Wife

夫妻如衣服夫妻如衣服Relationships between husband and wife is Relationships between husband and wife is

similar to clothing (change them at will)similar to clothing (change them at will) Women’s identity begins after marriageWomen’s identity begins after marriage

三從三從 : : 在家從父出嫁從夫老來從子在家從父出嫁從夫老來從子 Authoritarianism: Do as the husband says, obeyAuthoritarianism: Do as the husband says, obey Reinforces dependencyReinforces dependency: “Husband-pleasing”: “Husband-pleasing” Externalized locus of control:Externalized locus of control: Reduced personal responsibility Reduced personal responsibility

Faithfulness in marriage: Wife must be chasteFaithfulness in marriage: Wife must be chaste

Husband and Wife RelationshipsHusband and Wife Relationships

Women suffer and sacrifice silently Women suffer and sacrifice silently She becomes a martyr-sacrificial lamb of the She becomes a martyr-sacrificial lamb of the

dysfunctional family & inflicts the same pain dysfunctional family & inflicts the same pain upon her daughter and in-lawsupon her daughter and in-laws

She copes by Denial and Resignation: “fate”She copes by Denial and Resignation: “fate” Poor husband-Wife relationship is the normPoor husband-Wife relationship is the norm Extra-marital affairs, Informal Mistresses, Extra-marital affairs, Informal Mistresses,

Concubines, PolygamyConcubines, Polygamy

Day ThreeDay Three

The Five-Hierarchical Harmonious Relationships The Five-Hierarchical Harmonious Relationships (The Five-Orders “Wu Lun”) (The Five-Orders “Wu Lun”) 五倫五倫

Copyright (C) Melvin W. Wong, Ph.D. 1996-2001Copyright (C) Melvin W. Wong, Ph.D. 1996-2001

Orders Relationships Virtues Manifestations Emotions Pathologies

1. The King & his subjects

Loyalty 忠

Obedience “Kowtow” Corruption

Domination- Fear

Antisocial

2. Father and son Filial Piety 孝

Deference Respect of

Elders

Respect-Shame

Rage

3. Older-brother & younger brother

Brotherly Love 愛

Dependency Respect-Conspiring

Divisiveness

4. Husband & Wife Love-Chastity

貞

Acceptance Power-Bitterness

Neurasthenia

5. Between Friends Trust 信任

Harmony Tactfulness Face-work

Joy Luck Club: The MothersJoy Luck Club: The Mothers

Suyuan: JuneSuyuan: June Lindo 15 year old bride: WaverlyLindo 15 year old bride: Waverly Ying Ying: who drowned her own son, Ying Ying: who drowned her own son,

depressed: Daughter Lena has no spiritdepressed: Daughter Lena has no spirit An Mei’s mom was raped and killed herself An Mei’s mom was raped and killed herself

with opium dumplings: Rosewith opium dumplings: Rose

Joy Luck Club: The DaughtersJoy Luck Club: The Daughters

June (main character): Failed at Piano June (main character): Failed at Piano Waverly (Chess player): Smile naturally Waverly (Chess player): Smile naturally

now mom! I always do Waverly! now mom! I always do Waverly! Lena: Has no spirit for I have none to give Lena: Has no spirit for I have none to give

her. Married a miser Harold, everything is her. Married a miser Harold, everything is fifty fifty. Love yes, false dependency nofifty fifty. Love yes, false dependency no

Rose: Divorced husband of rich family, Rose: Divorced husband of rich family, winery and publishing house. Mrs. Jordanwinery and publishing house. Mrs. Jordan

Seven Facets of Chinese Face WorkSeven Facets of Chinese Face WorkAfter Bond and Hwang “Six types of face work“After Bond and Hwang “Six types of face work“

© Melvin W.Wong, Ph.D.2001-2002© Melvin W.Wong, Ph.D.2001-2002

LevelLevel DescriptionDescription ManifestationManifestation Chinese pinyinChinese pinyin

11 Enhancing your own faceEnhancing your own face Etiquette consciousnessEtiquette consciousness yao mianziyao mianzi

22 Enhancing other’s faceEnhancing other’s face ReciprocityReciprocity gei mianzigei mianzi

33 Losing your own faceLosing your own face Shame, humiliationShame, humiliation diu mianzidiu mianzi

44 Hurting other’s faceHurting other’s face Retaliation for shame feltRetaliation for shame felt shang mianzishang mianzi

55 Saving your own faceSaving your own face Avoid shame, be properAvoid shame, be proper baocun mianzibaocun mianzi

66 Saving other’s faceSaving other’s face No criticism, give apologyNo criticism, give apology mian mian ju yuanmian mian ju yuan

77 Tearing your own faceTearing your own face Relationship destroyed Relationship destroyed mou mianmou mian

創世記創世記 1:311:31

神看一切所神看一切所造的都甚好。造的都甚好。有晚上，有早有晚上，有早晨，是第六晨，是第六日。日。

God saw all that he God saw all that he had made, and it had made, and it was very good. was very good. And there was And there was

evening, and there evening, and there was morning--the was morning--the

sixth day. sixth day.

創世記創世記 2:24-252:24-25因此，人要離開因此，人要離開父母，與妻子父母，與妻子連合，二人成連合，二人成為一體。當時為一體。當時夫妻二人赤身夫妻二人赤身露體，並不羞露體，並不羞恥。恥。

For this reason a man For this reason a man will leave his father will leave his father and mother and be and mother and be united to his wife, united to his wife,

and they will become and they will become one flesh. The man one flesh. The man and his wife were and his wife were

both naked, and they both naked, and they felt no shame. felt no shame.

創世記創世記 3:7-133:7-13他們二人的眼睛就明亮了，才知道自他們二人的眼睛就明亮了，才知道自己是赤身露體，便拿無花果樹的己是赤身露體，便拿無花果樹的葉子為自己編做裙子。天起了涼葉子為自己編做裙子。天起了涼

風，耶和華神在園中行走。那風，耶和華神在園中行走。那人和他妻子聽見神的聲音，就人和他妻子聽見神的聲音，就

藏在園裏的樹木中，躲避耶和藏在園裏的樹木中，躲避耶和華神的面。耶和華神呼喚那華神的面。耶和華神呼喚那人，對他說：「你在哪裏？」他人，對他說：「你在哪裏？」他說：「我在園中聽見你的聲音，說：「我在園中聽見你的聲音，我就害怕；因為我赤身露體，我我就害怕；因為我赤身露體，我便藏了。」耶和華說：「誰告訴便藏了。」耶和華說：「誰告訴你赤身露體呢？莫非你吃了我吩你赤身露體呢？莫非你吃了我吩咐你不可吃的那樹上的果子咐你不可吃的那樹上的果子嗎？」那人說：「你所賜給我、嗎？」那人說：「你所賜給我、與我同居的女人，她把那樹上的與我同居的女人，她把那樹上的果子給我，我就吃了。」耶和果子給我，我就吃了。」耶和華神對女人說：「你做的是甚華神對女人說：「你做的是甚麼事呢？」女人說：「那蛇引誘麼事呢？」女人說：「那蛇引誘

我，我就吃了。」我，我就吃了。」

Then the eyes of both of them were opened, Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they realized they were naked; so they and they realized they were naked; so they

sewed fig leaves together and made sewed fig leaves together and made coverings for themselves. Then the man coverings for themselves. Then the man

and his wife heard the sound of the LORD and his wife heard the sound of the LORD God as he was walking in the garden in the God as he was walking in the garden in the

cool of the day, and they hid from the cool of the day, and they hid from the LORD God among the trees of the garden. LORD God among the trees of the garden.

But the LORD God called to the man, But the LORD God called to the man, "Where are you?" He answered, "I heard "Where are you?" He answered, "I heard

you in the garden, and I was afraid because you in the garden, and I was afraid because I was naked; so I hid." And he said, "Who I was naked; so I hid." And he said, "Who told you that you were naked? Have you told you that you were naked? Have you

eaten from the tree that I commanded you eaten from the tree that I commanded you not to eat from?" The man said, "The not to eat from?" The man said, "The

woman you put here with me--she gave me woman you put here with me--she gave me some fruit from the tree, and I ate it." Then some fruit from the tree, and I ate it." Then the LORD God said to the woman, "What the LORD God said to the woman, "What is this you have done?" The woman said, is this you have done?" The woman said,

"The serpent deceived me, and I ate.""The serpent deceived me, and I ate."

Origin of shameOrigin of shame

The lack of a personal identify: Who am I?The lack of a personal identify: Who am I?

External vs. Internal shame mechanismsExternal vs. Internal shame mechanisms– Parents against their children: Name callingParents against their children: Name calling

– Children’s cruelty against their peers: Name callingChildren’s cruelty against their peers: Name calling

– Personal handicaps: “Imperfections”Personal handicaps: “Imperfections”

– Compares & Contrasts: Athletes, models & starsCompares & Contrasts: Athletes, models & stars

– Physical features: Aging, race, skin colorPhysical features: Aging, race, skin color

– Need for acceptance & “measuring-up” Need for acceptance & “measuring-up”

Shame & BlameShame & Blame

Projection is a defense against shame: anxietyProjection is a defense against shame: anxiety Blame is externalizing of an internal conflictBlame is externalizing of an internal conflict The person does not take ownership for shameThe person does not take ownership for shame

– ““It is easier that shame is on you & not on me”It is easier that shame is on you & not on me”

– ““I will be a no body when I am not perfect”I will be a no body when I am not perfect”

– ““I am not worthy, to be rejected when I am wrong’I am not worthy, to be rejected when I am wrong’

– This is a homeostatic approach to balance anxietyThis is a homeostatic approach to balance anxiety

There is little introspection: No learning-maturityThere is little introspection: No learning-maturity Self-Defeating, tragic outcomes: Hiding SecretsSelf-Defeating, tragic outcomes: Hiding Secrets

Boundary & LimitsBoundary & Limits

Physical-Personal Boundaries aids EfficiencyPhysical-Personal Boundaries aids Efficiency– MTR, Queues, Zebra LinesMTR, Queues, Zebra Lines

Fuzzy Psychological BoundariesFuzzy Psychological Boundaries– Dire need to stay connected-complete identityDire need to stay connected-complete identity– Fusion of identity: Security BasedFusion of identity: Security Based– Needs For Vicarious Meaning through your lifeNeeds For Vicarious Meaning through your life– Intrusiveness Invasiveness Lack of privacyIntrusiveness Invasiveness Lack of privacy– Power Play: OmnipotencePower Play: Omnipotence

GuiltGuilt

Sigmund Freud & others (1930, 1961) saw Sigmund Freud & others (1930, 1961) saw guilt as the more worthy emotionguilt as the more worthy emotion

A realistic & growth-facilitating emotional A realistic & growth-facilitating emotional response to wrong-doing (deals with doing)response to wrong-doing (deals with doing)

Resulting from transgression against the superegoResulting from transgression against the superego Is central to the conflict theory of analysisIs central to the conflict theory of analysis Results from more advanced Oedipal conflictsResults from more advanced Oedipal conflicts Results in doing-performance: RecompensationResults in doing-performance: Recompensation

Day FourDay Four

““To Live” (Lifetime) To Live” (Lifetime) 活著活著Additional Discussion on videoAdditional Discussion on video

Master Fugui: Recovered from dysfunctions Master Fugui: Recovered from dysfunctions after his family abandoned himafter his family abandoned him– His wife left himHis wife left him– He father diedHe father died– He lost his house to gamblingHe lost his house to gambling

He left his family of origin and found his true self?He left his family of origin and found his true self? Family was his hindrance toward maturation?Family was his hindrance toward maturation?

““To Live” (Lifetime) To Live” (Lifetime) 活著活著 Additional Discussion on videoAdditional Discussion on video

Rage and Out-of-Control episodesRage and Out-of-Control episodes Master Fugui: Master Fugui:

– Overcome with rage and helplessness after he lostOvercome with rage and helplessness after he lost Master Fugui’s father:Master Fugui’s father:

– Had to conform to the custom in formalityHad to conform to the custom in formality

– Was quiet and willing in signing off the deedWas quiet and willing in signing off the deed– Got into a burning rage after the reality set in: ShameGot into a burning rage after the reality set in: Shame

– Felt sorry for himself (can’t even die in his own house)Felt sorry for himself (can’t even die in his own house)

GuiltGuilt

True guilt: Biblical guidelines & mandatesTrue guilt: Biblical guidelines & mandates– Absolute: Objective (conscience)Absolute: Objective (conscience)

False guilt: Imposed family-social valuesFalse guilt: Imposed family-social values– Subject to change: Subjective (conscience)Subject to change: Subjective (conscience)– Overly-harsh conscience vs. “relaxed” conscienceOverly-harsh conscience vs. “relaxed” conscience

Over-control vs. Under controlOver-control vs. Under control

Compulsives vs. PsychopathsCompulsives vs. Psychopaths

Perfectionists vs. Anti-social narcissistsPerfectionists vs. Anti-social narcissists

家家有本難念的經家家有本難念的經

出埃及記出埃及記 Exodus 20:5-6Exodus 20:5-6聖經新譯本聖經新譯本 New International VersionNew International Version

不可跪拜那些像，也不不可跪拜那些像，也不可事奉它們，因為我可事奉它們，因為我耶和華你們的上帝是耶和華你們的上帝是忌邪的上帝；忌邪的上帝；恨惡我恨惡我的，我必追討他們的的，我必追討他們的罪，從父親到兒子，罪，從父親到兒子，直到三四代。直到三四代。愛我遵愛我遵守我誡命的，我必向守我誡命的，我必向他們施慈愛，直到千他們施慈愛，直到千

代。代。

You shall not bow down to You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for them or worship them; for

I, the LORD your God, I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, am a jealous God,

punishing the children for punishing the children for the sin of the fathers to the the sin of the fathers to the third and fourth generation third and fourth generation of those who hate me, but of those who hate me, but

showing love to a showing love to a thousand generations of thousand generations of those who love me and those who love me and

keep my commandments. keep my commandments.

家家有本難念的經家家有本難念的經

政治不穩定的歷史政治不穩定的歷史– 飢荒有計划的大屠殺飢荒有計划的大屠殺

恥辱的心理經歷与歷史文化恥辱的心理經歷与歷史文化–面子問題面子問題

悲劇文化悲劇文化痛苦文化痛苦文化傷痕与創傷文化婦女創傷文化傷痕与創傷文化婦女創傷文化

創傷創傷文化華人家庭的結构文化華人家庭的結构 Fear: Loss of Control (External locus) Fear: Loss of Control (External locus)

– Dependency-Enmeshment: Impaired ego developmentDependency-Enmeshment: Impaired ego development

– Performance-based: Relationships of rejectionPerformance-based: Relationships of rejection

– Perfectionism: Unable to accept failurePerfectionism: Unable to accept failure

Detachment-Attachment ProblemsDetachment-Attachment Problems– DependencyDependency– Addictions: To satisfy self & soothe painAddictions: To satisfy self & soothe pain

RigidityRigidity

What is Codependence What is Codependence “ ” 相互依賴雙依式的愛無我 “ ” 相互依賴雙依式的愛無我

“ ”的愛“ ”的愛(© 1998-01 M Wong, Ph.D.)(© 1998-01 M Wong, Ph.D.) Anyone whose “Self” was underdeveloped that s/he Anyone whose “Self” was underdeveloped that s/he

becomes dependent on another person to feel complete becomes dependent on another person to feel complete (Emotional “Cannibalism” for Survival)(Emotional “Cannibalism” for Survival)

This codependent person is often addicted to the esteem This codependent person is often addicted to the esteem & acceptance of others for survival to the point that it & acceptance of others for survival to the point that it hurts the self and anotherhurts the self and another

Side-Effects of Codependence: Loose-Boundaries & Side-Effects of Codependence: Loose-Boundaries & Poor limits with Gullibility, ControllingPoor limits with Gullibility, Controlling

Serious Side-Effects: Deception, Manipulation, Serious Side-Effects: Deception, Manipulation, Addictions, Self-Defeat, Tragic-outcomes, Win-Lose, Addictions, Self-Defeat, Tragic-outcomes, Win-Lose, Dehumanization & finally DeathDehumanization & finally Death

出埃及記出埃及記 Exodus Exodus 34:734:7 聖經新譯本聖經新譯本 New International VersionNew International Version

為千千萬萬人留為千千萬萬人留下慈愛，赦免罪下慈愛，赦免罪孽、過犯和罪孽、過犯和罪惡。惡。一定要清除一定要清除罪，追討罪孽自罪，追討罪孽自父及子至孫，直父及子至孫，直到三四代。」到三四代。」

maintaining love to maintaining love to thousands, and thousands, and

forgiving wickedness, forgiving wickedness, rebellion and sin. Yet rebellion and sin. Yet he does not leave the he does not leave the guilty unpunished; he guilty unpunished; he punishes the children punishes the children and their children for and their children for

the sin of the fathers to the sin of the fathers to the third and fourth the third and fourth

generation." generation."

困扰困扰者者的悲嘆的悲嘆羅馬書羅馬書 7:19-257:19-25

故此，我所願意的善，我反不做；我所不願意的故此，我所願意的善，我反不做；我所不願意的惡，我倒去做。若我去做所不願意做的，就不是惡，我倒去做。若我去做所不願意做的，就不是

我做的，乃是住在我裏頭的罪做的。我做的，乃是住在我裏頭的罪做的。我覺得有個律，就是我願意為善的時候，便有惡與我我覺得有個律，就是我願意為善的時候，便有惡與我

同在。因為按我裏面的意思，我是喜歡神的律；同在。因為按我裏面的意思，我是喜歡神的律；但我覺得肢體中另有個律和我心中的律交戰，把我擄但我覺得肢體中另有個律和我心中的律交戰，把我擄

去，叫我附從那肢體中犯罪的律。去，叫我附從那肢體中犯罪的律。我真是苦啊！誰能我真是苦啊！誰能救我脫離救我脫離這取死的身體呢？感這取死的身體呢？感

謝神，謝神，靠我們的主耶穌基督就能脫離了靠我們的主耶穌基督就能脫離了。這。這樣看來，我以內心順服神的律，我肉體卻順服樣看來，我以內心順服神的律，我肉體卻順服

罪的律了。罪的律了。

華人家庭的結构華人家庭的結构

FatherFather

Son-1Son-1

MotherMother

DaughterDaughter Son-2Son-2

失效家庭成員的角色失效家庭成員的角色

上癮者上癮者縱容者縱容者

11 22 33 44 55

Adult-child: Adult-child: Man with Man with problems; problems; Gambling, Gambling,

affairs, rage & affairs, rage & irresponsibilityirresponsibility

Mother who Mother who helps hide helps hide husband’s husband’s

serious serious problemsproblems

Survival for meSurvival for me



11 22 33 44 55

Mother who Mother who is trying to is trying to be the UN be the UN

Peace-Peace-Keeper: Keeper: Hoping Hoping

things will things will not go out of not go out of her controlher control

Keep the peace: Survival for meKeep the peace: Survival for me



11 22 33 44 55

Be Perfect: Problems will go awayBe Perfect: Problems will go away英雄英雄

I want to be hero too! I am worthyI want to be hero too! I am worthy

Win-Win-LoseLose

RivalryRivalryDetachDetach



11 22 33 44 55

Rebel: Believing I am the problemRebel: Believing I am the problem代罪羔羊代罪羔羊



11 22 33 44 55

Withdraws from Relationships: NumbWithdraws from Relationships: Numb迷路孩子迷路孩子



11 22 33 44 55

Makes laughter amidst family tragedyMakes laughter amidst family tragedy小丑小丑


Adapted from: Adapted from: Sharon Wegscheider-Cruse,Sharon Wegscheider-Cruse, 1985, Health Communications, FL 1985, Health Communications, FL

Addict Addict 上癮者上癮者 :: Anger, rage, gambling, sex Anger, rage, gambling, sexEnabler Enabler 縱容者縱容者 : : Tries to control to make things OKTries to control to make things OK

Hero Hero 英雄英雄 :: Be perfect & problems will go awayBe perfect & problems will go away

Scapegoat Scapegoat 代罪的羔羊代罪的羔羊 :: Rebel against family Rebel against family problems & then finally believing that he is the problemproblems & then finally believing that he is the problem

Lost Child Lost Child 迷路的孩子迷路的孩子 :: Retreats, withdraws & Retreats, withdraws & isolates self from meaningful relationshipsisolates self from meaningful relationships

Mascot Mascot 小丑小丑 :: Desperately makes everyone Desperately makes everyone laugh amidst the family tragedylaugh amidst the family tragedy

The Addicted Family RulesThe Addicted Family Rules(Unspoken)(Unspoken)

DON’TDON’T FEELFEEL

DON’TDON’T TALKTALK

DON’TDON’T TRUSTTRUST

DON’TDON’T THINKTHINK

DON’TDON’T CHANGECHANGE

癮癮 -- 成因理論成因理論 Attachment DeficitsAttachment Deficits

– Failure to attach with a nurturing-love objectFailure to attach with a nurturing-love object– Deny needs for nurturing personDeny needs for nurturing person– Denial gives rise to deprivationDenial gives rise to deprivation

Family Relationship EstrangementFamily Relationship Estrangement Family Dynamic of Rigidity: PerfectionismFamily Dynamic of Rigidity: Perfectionism History of early sexual violationHistory of early sexual violation Intimacy problem: Generational effectIntimacy problem: Generational effect

Developing Intimacy Through Effective CommunicationDeveloping Intimacy Through Effective CommunicationCopyright © Melvin Wong, Ph.D. 2000-2002 All Rights ReservedCopyright © Melvin Wong, Ph.D. 2000-2002 All Rights Reserved

Small Talk & ClichésSmall Talk & Clichés

Exchange of FactsExchange of Facts

Exchange of JudgmentsExchange of Judgments

Exchange FeelingsExchange Feelings

CommitmentsCommitments

SexSex

The Physical Intimacy-Orgasmic Cycle The Physical Intimacy-Orgasmic Cycle (Copyright © Melvin Wong, Ph.D. 2000)(Copyright © Melvin Wong, Ph.D. 2000)

““Intimacy Always Feels Good!” Intimacy Always Feels Good!”

““Emotional Intimacy Leads to Physical Intimacy!”Emotional Intimacy Leads to Physical Intimacy!”

““Physical Intimacy Can Lead to Orgasm!”Physical Intimacy Can Lead to Orgasm!”

““Orgasm Always Feels Good!”Orgasm Always Feels Good!”““Orgasmic Feeling is Intimacy?”Orgasmic Feeling is Intimacy?”

Physical Intimacy is an Antidote for:Physical Intimacy is an Antidote for:

Loneliness, Low-Self Worth, Boredom, Loneliness, Low-Self Worth, Boredom,

Aggression, Anger, Despair, AbandonmentAggression, Anger, Despair, Abandonment

(Applies to Heterosexuals and Homosexuals)(Applies to Heterosexuals and Homosexuals)

情感溝通關係的七個踏段情感溝通關係的七個踏段Seven Levels of Emotional & Physical CommunicationSeven Levels of Emotional & Physical Communication

Copyright 2001 (c) Melvin W. Wong, Ph.D. All Rights Reserved Copyright 2001 (c) Melvin W. Wong, Ph.D. All Rights Reserved

親密的程度親密的程度關係的特徵關係的特徵情感的特徵情感的特徵

77性愛經驗性愛經驗性愛的親密性愛的親密

（有性興奮和有圓滿安全感覺）（有性興奮和有圓滿安全感覺）

66 身體上的親密身體上的親密身體親密（熟悉和安全）身體親密（熟悉和安全） 55 願意分享真心話願意分享真心話絕對的信任絕對的信任（坦誠不怕被傷害）（坦誠不怕被傷害） 44 分享內心感受分享內心感受信任與坦白的發展信任與坦白的發展 33 分享個人的看法分享個人的看法深一層的個人興趣深一層的個人興趣 22 交換資料性的事實交換資料性的事實表面的興趣發掘表面的興趣發掘 11 閒談閒談安全的社交安全的社交

““Addiction-Acting-Out Cycle”Addiction-Acting-Out Cycle”Copyright © Melvin Wong, Ph.D. 2000Copyright © Melvin Wong, Ph.D. 2000

CompulsivityCompulsivityDeprivationDeprivation

ImpulsivityImpulsivitySatiationSatiation

Abuser-Victim

Blame-Shame

Guilt

Basic Human Conditions & Basic Human Conditions & Chinese Cultural PerspectivesChinese Cultural Perspectives(Adapted from Rev. Daniel Ng, Chinese Churches Today, 26, Dec. 2000)(Adapted from Rev. Daniel Ng, Chinese Churches Today, 26, Dec. 2000)

Issue of Existence: Reasons for LivingIssue of Existence: Reasons for Living

生存問題的解答生存問題的解答Issue of Life’s Crises: Reasons for PainIssue of Life’s Crises: Reasons for Pain

危難問題的解答危難問題的解答Issue of Death: Perspectives on DyingIssue of Death: Perspectives on Dying

死亡問題的解答死亡問題的解答

Confucius Thinking Confucius Thinking 儒家思想儒家思想Existence Existence 生存問題的解答生存問題的解答

Confucius thought is the most practical based Confucius thought is the most practical based on the here and nowon the here and now

To be a good person is to follow “Heavenly To be a good person is to follow “Heavenly Reason” and your “Conscience”Reason” and your “Conscience”–鬼神素重孝爹娘天道遠人道近修心養性鬼神素重孝爹娘天道遠人道近修心養性

Meaning of live is to be a moral person, not be Meaning of live is to be a moral person, not be influenced by outside forces but governed by influenced by outside forces but governed by internal goodness internal goodness 本心本心

Confucius Thinking Confucius Thinking 儒家思想儒家思想Dealing with Crises Dealing with Crises 危難問題的解答危難問題的解答

Confucius thought is the most practical based on Confucius thought is the most practical based on the moral strength of an individualthe moral strength of an individual

Unlike Buddhism & Taoism: Cause & EffectUnlike Buddhism & Taoism: Cause & Effect–鬼神業報鬼神業報

Acceptance of crises as unavoidable as fateAcceptance of crises as unavoidable as fate–命也乎人生不如意的事常八九命也乎人生不如意的事常八九–不怨天不怨天 , , 不尤人不尤人 , , 下學而上達下學而上達–天將降大任於斯人也天將降大任於斯人也 ,, 必勞其筋骨必勞其筋骨 ,, 苦其心志苦其心志

Confucius Thinking Confucius Thinking 儒家思想儒家思想Death & Dying Death & Dying 死亡問題的解答死亡問題的解答

Through a person’s descendents and blood-ties Through a person’s descendents and blood-ties to establish an ever-ending genealogyto establish an ever-ending genealogy

To establish achievement & recognition morally & verballyTo establish achievement & recognition morally & verbally

–立功立德立言三种的不朽立功立德立言三种的不朽 There is no after-life, after-death, a person exists There is no after-life, after-death, a person exists

historically & in the memories of love oneshistorically & in the memories of love ones

–祭祖觀念祭祖觀念

BuddhismBuddhism

An Indian prince’s response to human painAn Indian prince’s response to human pain– Prince lived a life of pleasure within palace gatePrince lived a life of pleasure within palace gate– Noticed pain of peasants when outside gateNoticed pain of peasants when outside gate

Pondered about the sad human conditionPondered about the sad human condition– Personal guilt of pleasure that was for grantedPersonal guilt of pleasure that was for granted– Social sufferings: Birth, aging, illness, deathSocial sufferings: Birth, aging, illness, death

Bad things happen to you because you have Bad things happen to you because you have done something wrong: “Karma”done something wrong: “Karma” 因果報應因果報應

Death: Reincarnation: Good deedsDeath: Reincarnation: Good deeds

Buddhist Thinking Buddhist Thinking 佛教思想佛教思想Existence Existence 生存問題的解答生存問題的解答

人生觀在乎人生觀在乎 : : 禪修坐禪參禪禪修坐禪參禪 (( 靜慮靜慮 ))強調心靈的開放強調心靈的開放 ,, 解除個人執著的結解除個人執著的結 ,, 讓生活讓生活

中更多靈活的空間去适應環境的變化中更多靈活的空間去适應環境的變化Personal practice of Zen: “Restful-sitting position of Meditation” Personal practice of Zen: “Restful-sitting position of Meditation”

and “Quiet Meditation” to purity the spirit and the body to and “Quiet Meditation” to purity the spirit and the body to adjust to the changes of the complexities in livingadjust to the changes of the complexities in living

Similar to the New Age practice of Yoga & meditation: Personal & Similar to the New Age practice of Yoga & meditation: Personal & convenientconvenient

Buddhist Thinking Buddhist Thinking 佛教思想佛教思想Dealing with Crises Dealing with Crises 危難問題的解答危難問題的解答

無事不登三寶殿無事不登三寶殿平時不燒香臨急抱佛腳平時不燒香臨急抱佛腳危難災禍的來源來自業報危難災禍的來源來自業報

((karma karma 因果報應因果報應 )) 是命中注定是命中注定解救方法是接受命運或念經祈福持素和解救方法是接受命運或念經祈福持素和

積德積善放生來逆轉危机積德積善放生來逆轉危机

Buddhist Thinking Buddhist Thinking 佛教思想佛教思想Death & Dying Death & Dying 死亡問題的解答死亡問題的解答

三世流轉六道輪回三世流轉六道輪回打落十八層地獄打落十八層地獄

后人和子孫与先人做些功后人和子孫与先人做些功德來隬補因德來隬補因此此 ,, 先人死后的失落感可以減少先人死后的失落感可以減少

佛教輪回觀念佛教輪回觀念 :: 十八年后又一條好漢十八年后又一條好漢

Chinese Sexual BeliefsChinese Sexual Beliefs (Role of Women) (Role of Women)(Adapted from (Adapted from Christian Ethics: Principles and Applications, Christian Ethics: Principles and Applications,

Dr. Ping-Cheung Lo, Hong Kong Baptist University ‘92)Dr. Ping-Cheung Lo, Hong Kong Baptist University ‘92)

Taoism Taoism 道教思想道教思想 Tenets: Longevity, Transcend to Become a god Tenets: Longevity, Transcend to Become a god

Methods: Diet, Qigong, MeditationMethods: Diet, Qigong, Meditation By Practicing Special Sexual TechniquesBy Practicing Special Sexual Techniques

– ““Take from Yin to Compensate Yan”Take from Yin to Compensate Yan”» Virgins & Women used as means to an end Virgins & Women used as means to an end

to benefit the Men’s desire to have longevityto benefit the Men’s desire to have longevity

– ““Return Sperm to Compensate Brain”Return Sperm to Compensate Brain”» Sex to benefit Men’s desire for longevity & staminaSex to benefit Men’s desire for longevity & stamina

Biblical Order of RelationshipsBiblical Order of Relationships“The New Five-Orders” “The New Five-Orders” 新五倫新五倫

Copyright © Melvin W.Wong, Ph.D. 1999-2001Copyright © Melvin W.Wong, Ph.D. 1999-2001

1.1. Christ the King and His ChildrenChrist the King and His Children ((Isaiah 9:6-7)Isaiah 9:6-7)

Love and SacrificeLove and Sacrifice

2.2. Father and Mother (Exodus 20:12)Father and Mother (Exodus 20:12)Love and Honor (Leave, Cleave becoming one flesh)Love and Honor (Leave, Cleave becoming one flesh)

3.3. Husband and Wife Husband and Wife ((Ephesians 5:21-25Ephesians 5:21-25 ) )Love and CommitmentLove and Commitment

4.4. Parents and Children Parents and Children ((Ephesians 6:1-2Ephesians 6:1-2 ) )Love and AcceptanceLove and Acceptance

5.5. Fellowship of Believers, Friend-Foe Fellowship of Believers, Friend-Foe ((1 John 4:11-121 John 4:11-12 ) )

One another love, Hospitality & Forgiveness One another love, Hospitality & Forgiveness (Mat 22:39)(Mat 22:39)

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Chinese Culture and Psychological Disorder 中華文化与心理病態學 香港浸信會神學院 Melvin W. Wong, Ph.D. 黃偉康博士 Licensed Clinical Psychologist ChristianMentalHealth.com

Chinese Culture and Psychological Disorder 中華文化与心理病態學香港浸信會神學院 Melvin W. Wong, Ph.D. 黃偉康博士 Licensed Clinical Psychologist ChristianMentalHealth.com