Chimney Exhaust

- Wood fireplaces

- Release: CO, CO2, NOx, SO2

and smoke particles.

Fig.1 Wood fireplace.

Fig. Chimney ExhaustFig .2 Pollutants being expelled from

the chimney.

Small Engine Garden Equipment

- Lawnmowers, weed trimmers, snow blowers

- Inefficient emit high volumes of toxic pollutants

- Release: CO, CO2, VOC, NOx

- Account 3% to 5% of Canada’s Air Pollution

Fig.3 Exhaust from a gas lawnmower.

Barbeques

- Charcoal/propane fueled BBQ

- Charcoal produces more toxic pollutants

- Release: SO2, CO, PAHs

Fig.4 Pollutants from a Charcoal BBQ.

Ground-level Ozone (O3)

- Detrimental effect on environment

- Damages vegetation growth (lichens on trees)

- Burns human lungs

Fig.5 Healthy Lung (left). Damaged Lung (right) Fig.6 Leaf damage due to ground-level ozone.

Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs)

Fig.7 Graph illustrating the VOC emissions in Ontario.

Smog

- consists of ground-level ozone and particles

- contains large amounts of SO2

- chemically changes into acid rain

- acid rain also damages vegetation growth

Fig.8 Orange skies over Toronto. (IT IS NOT BEAUTIFUL)

CO2 Emissions

- 3 emitters release large amounts of CO2

- increase of CO2 in atmosphere is directly related to CO2 emissions

Fig.9 CO2 concentrations of the atmosphere, in the last 1000 years.

*Health Risks*

- affects body’s respiratory system- symptoms: coughing wheezing- easily affects people with asthma and allergies- TIPS:

1. Stay inside2. Smog advisory3. Take action to reduce emissions

- use environmentally friendly house hold items

Controversy Advantages Disadvantages

Electric Stoves - Less pollution - Useless in blackouts

BBQs and wood fireplaces

- Can be used any time - Releases harmful pollutants

Electric lawn equipment

- No emissions -Can get electrocuted

-restrained to the length of the cord

Gas lawn equipment

-Mobile -releases a lot of pollution

-2 stroke engines are very inefficient

Indicators

- Parma Park had fewer sensitive species of lichens than Stan Wadlow

- Parma Park (IAP) = 59.9

- Stan Wadlow Park (IAP) = 107.3

(IAP) = Index of Atmospheric Purity

Fig.10 Lichens on a tree trunk.

Used as indicators of air quality.

Location of Parks

Parma Park

Stan Wadlow Park

Fig.11 Region of the parks

Conducted Survey

- Survey indicated that a lot more residents in Parma park region used the 3 emitters more than the residents of Stan Wadlow park

Amount of Househol d Emit t er s in t he Par ma and S t an Wadl ow Par k Regions

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Fireplace Barbecue ElectricLawnmower

Gas Lawnmower

Household Emitters

Pe

rce

nta

ge

of

Ho

me

s w

ith

H

ou

seh

old

Em

itte

rs Parma Park

Stan WadlowPark

Fig.12 Graph illustrating the survey results

Government/Agreements

- Canadian Federal Government’s 10 year action plan is set to improve the CEPA - Emissions from these factors will decrease- Fuel quality will improve so fewer toxic pollutants are emitted

- Canada- U.S. Air Quality Agreement (1996)- Controls transboundary pollution caused by SO2 and NOx emissions

- Share research and technology

Action Plan

- Went door to door in the parks’ region to increase awareness of poor air quality and conducted a survey

- Invitation of MP’s to Community Forum so we have a political impact

- Creation of website so information can be accessed by general public

www.angelfire.com/journal2/sateccew

Final Recommendation

ReferencesFig.2 Lane Region Air Pollution Authority. 2003. LRAPA. 1 December 2003.

<http://www.lrapa.org/images/dirty_chimney.jpg>Fig.3 Clean Air Foundation. 2003. Clean Air Foundation. 1 December 2003.

<http://www.mowdownpollution.ca/>Fig.5 US Environmental Protection Agency. 2003. EPA. 1 December 2003.

<http://www.epa.gov/airnow/health/smog1.html>Fig.7 Government of Ontario. 2000. Government of Ontario. 1 December 2003.

<http://www.airqualityontario.com/science/pollutants/ozone.cfm>Fig.8 Discovery Channel. 2003. Discovery Channel. 1 December 2003. <http://exn.ca/Stories/1997/04/08/03.asp>Fig.9 Green Grass Cutters. 2003. Green Grass Cutters. 1 December 2003.

<http://greengrasscutters.com.hosting.domaindirect.com/id2.html>Fig.11 MapQuest. 2003. MapQuest. 1 December 2003. <http://www.mapquest.com>

University of Toledo College of Law. 2003. University of Toledo. 3 December 2003. <http://law.utoledo.edu/ligl/cusaqa.htm>

Home and Garden Television. 2003. Home and Garden Television. 3 December 2003. <http://www.hgtv.com/cr/cda/article_print/1,1250,HGTV_3585_1371041,00.html>

Environment Canada. 2003. Government of Canada. 28 November 2003. <http://www.ec.gc.ca/air/air_pollution_e.html>