Child & Young Person DevelopmentTDA 2.1

Session 1

Aim / Nodau• To develop knowledge and understanding of

child development

Objectives / Amcanion• Explore the five areas of development• Investigate how aspects of development can

affect one another

On a post it note write what you know about child development.

Child development is…

Holistic Development• Although development is often described in

different areas, you should be aware that, in practice, development is holistic.

What is holistic development?

Holistic development is seeing the child as a whole person – physically, emotionally, intellectually, socially, morally, culturally and spiritually.

Is there a difference between growth and

development?

In pairs, define both terms……What is growth and what is development?

What is Growth?

• Growth refers to how children increase in height and weight

• Growth is responsible for things such as how tall you are, your weight, muscle

development and brain structure.

How is growth measured? With a chart called a ‘percentile chart’

What is development?

• Development is the gradual process of changing throughout life.

• It is when children slowly gain control of their bodies.

How is development measured?• Development is harder to measure than growth.

Children gain control of their bodies at different rates.

However…

• Most health professionals observe the skills children have mastered at certain ages. These are

often called Milestones.

Activity:

• What is P.I.LE.S Development?

• P – Physical• I – Intellectual• L – Language• E – Emotional• S - Social

Physical Development

• What movements can you think of that babies and children may use?

Physical development is closely associated to gaining independence.

Physical development has two key areas

• Gross motor

• Fine motor

Gross motor skills

Require strength, stamina and suppleness to

increase co-ordination, balance and judgement. They are whole body movements.

Fine motor skills

This is the use of hands and fingers. It’s the use of hands in co-ordination with the eyes. This allows babies / children / adults to perform very delicate procedures with their fingers.

Activities

1. In groups look at the pictures and written actions and put them in the correct columns.

2. Use the catalogues provided to cut out pictures of toys / equipment to develop gross / fine motor skills.

3. Extension activity Plan an activity to develop gross or fine motor skills

for children age 2 years.

Think about the list of actions that you have done today. Consider what type of physical movement were involved – e.g. gross motor or

fine motor

• Eating breakfast• Getting dressed• Closing the door• Running for a bus • Turning the pages of a book

Senses

• Can you think what senses a baby is born with?

ReflexesRooting reflex Sucking reflex

Grasping reflex Placing reflex

Walking reflex Moro (startle) reflex

Reflexes are tested at birth by a Doctor. This helps them to assess the health of the central nervous system. The primitive reflexes that a baby is born with are only present during the first few months of life.

Activity

• Watch the clip and write down what reflexes you can see being checked.

Stages of physical development

Activity• Put the stages of physical development in

order that they happen

Intellectual development

• This is a large area of development also known a cognitive development. It includes…

What we think The ways that we think How we learn How we understand Our memory Ability to develop language and communication

skills

Cognitive development is…

About the way our thought processes develop. It is about the ways in which we organise our thinking and come to an understanding of our environment.

Tassoni & Beith 2000

Creativity

Imagination

Concentration

Memory

Concepts

Problemsolving

CognitiveDevelopmentIncludes …

Activity

In pairs write down activities/games that can be done with children to build on their memory/cognitive development.

Stages of Intellectual development

Language development

• Language development is very closely linked with cognitive development, and delay in one area usually affects progress in the other.

Activity

• In groups write down as much as you know about language and communication development.

Communication can be…

• Body language

• Facial expressions

• Pictures & symbols

• Language

Describing events/objects

Explanations & instructions

Predicting & anticipating

Assertiveness

Self-direction

Gaining reassurance

and help

Socialising

Asking questions

Communication skills

Stages of Language development

Emotional Development

• Emotional development is the ability to identify, manage and understand your own feelings. It is closely linked with Social development

Feeling happy, sad, angry, upset, excited.

Having confidence and self worth. Creating and forming relationships. Emotions can shape your behaviour. Development of empathy.

Social Development

• Social development looks into the skills needed to be among others. Improving an individuals wellbeing

Interacting with othersForming bonds.Making friends.Sharing interests.

What can affect development?

• Diet• Love and Affection• Sleep• Stimulation• Environmental factors• Medical conditions• Poverty• Housing• Accidents• Parental Health and Lifestyle• Emotional and social factors