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Chemistry Climate Interactions Workshop, Santa Fe, February 10-12, 2003. Chemistry-Climate Interaction Studies in Japan. Hajime Akimoto Atmospheric Composition Research Program Frontier Research System for Global Change. Present Status of Chemistry-Climate Research in Japan. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Chemistry-Climate Interaction Studies in Japan
Hajime Akimoto
Atmospheric Composition Research Program
Frontier Research System for Global Change
Chemistry Climate Interactions Workshop, Santa Fe, February 10-12, 2003
Only one AGCM-Based Chemical Transport Model
“CHASER” = CCSR/NIES AGCM + Tropospheric Chemistry(gas Phase)
Development of CHASER
CCSR: Center for Climate System Research, UT RCAST: Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, UT FRSGC: Frontier Research System for Global Change
Model Description and validation
Sudo, K., M. Takahashi, J. Kurokawa, and H. Akimoto, J. Geophys., Res., 107 (D17), 10.1029/2001JD001
113, 2002. Sudo, K., M. Takahashi, and H. Akimoto,
J. Geophys., Res., 107 (D17), 10.1029/2001JD001114, 2002.
Present Status of Chemistry-Climate Research in Japan
Present Status of CHASER
Horizontal resolution: T21 (5.6 ゜ ) / T42 (2.8 ゜ )
Vertical resolution: 32 layer (Upper boundary ca. 35 km)
Advection Scheme: Flux-Form Semi-Lagransian [Lin and Rood, 1996]
Radiation Scheme: Discrete Ordinate Method + k-distribution[Nakajima et al., 1996]
Chemistry Scheme: Tropospheric chemistry up to ca. 20 km Chemical Species: 51 Gas phase reactions: 94 Photolytic reactions: 24 Liquid phase reactions: 4
Heterogeneous reactions: 1
Radiative forcing (W m-2) due to tropospheric ozone increase calculated by CHASER ( preindustrial present-day )
0.3820.5920.487LW+SW
0.0630.1070.085SW
0.3190.4850.402LW
SHNHGlobal
LW+ SW total ozone forcing
DJF
JJA
Tropospheric ozone radiative forcing W m-
2 (at tropopause, in annual mean)
Normalized radiative forcing = 0.047 W m-2 DU-1
Tropospheric ozone increase
197 TgO3 (preindustrial) ↓ +10.4 DU (+58%)311 TgO3 (present-day)
Radiative forcing (W m-2) due to tropospheric ozone increase ( preindustrial present-day )
0 0.5 1 1.5
Trop.O3
CH4
CO2Hauglustaine et al., 1994
Marenco et al., 1994
Chalita et al., 1995
Forster et al., 1996
Berntsen et al., 1997
Haywood et al., 1998
Mickley et al., 1999
Roelofs, 1999
Roelofs and Lelieveld,2000This work
(W m-2)
This work (0.49 W m-2)
Global mean radiative forcing
SRES-A2 Emission Scenario
Future prediction experiment of tropospheric ozone
Change of Tropospheric Ozone Production Rate
SRES-A2 1990 2050 2100
The meteorological effect of El Nino (1997) on the tropospheric chemistry
Difference (anomaly) : October 1997 minus October 1996
[Sudo and Takahashi, 2001]
Changes over 10oS-10oN
(Lon.-Alt.)
Ozone (ppbv)
Convective mass flux & up/downward motions
Specific humidity (g/kg)
Ozone chemical lifetime (%)
Oct. 1997 minus Oct. 1996
Future Plan using CHASER
Model Development
Inclusion of aerosol model
Integration of stratospheric chemistry model
Model Simulation
Past simulation and Future prediction of air quality based on new emission models
Global warming Prediction using fully-coupled CHASER/AGCM
Concept of Integrated Model Development at FRSGC
Climate(CCSR/NIES AGCM 5.7)
Chemistry(CHASER)
Aerosol(SPRINTARS)
Land Surface(MATSIRO,Sym-CYCLE)
Ocean(an NPZD-type model)
transport
radiationcloud distribution
transport
radiation
production
heterogeneous reaction
DMS NMHCsCO2Sea Salt dust, OC
SST
mineral