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Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 1
Molecular Geometry of Molecules with No Lone Pair(s) on the Central Atom
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 2
Molecular Geometry of Molecules with Lone Pair(s) on the Central Atom
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 3
Carbon Dioxide and Water
O
H H+CO O
+ +
CO2 H2O
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 4
Dipole Moments and Structure
C C
H
Cl
H
Cl
C C
Cl
H
H
Cl
The net polarity is down; this is a polar molecule.
There is no net polarity; this is a nonpolar molecule.
+
Cis-1,2-dichloroethene Trans-1,2-dichloroethene
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 5
Formation of H2 – Valence Bond Theory
Two non-interacting hydrogen atoms
Start of Interaction – Minimum Overlap
Further Interaction – Intermediate Overlap
Maximum Interaction – Maximum Overlap
Bond has been formed – distance between nuclei is the bond length
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 6
sp3 Hybridisation
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 7
Hybrid Orbitals
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 8
Bonding in Ethene
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 9
Sigma ( ) and Pi ( ) Bonds
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 10
Bonding in Ethyne
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 11
Bonding and Antibonding Molecular Orbitals in H2and the Energy-Level Diagram
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 12
Sigma and Pi Bonding from 2p Orbitals
Sigma Bonding –Electron Density Along Nuclear Axis
Pi Bonding –Electron Density Above and Below Nuclear Axis
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 13
Energy-Level Diagrams for H+2, H2, He+
2 and He2
Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals
General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 14
Energy-Level Diagram for Li2
