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CHEMISTRY

PROJECTSTUDY OF ADULTERANTS IN FOOD

STUFF

Gunjan Ohri

XII A

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LIST OF CONTENTS

Ai!

In"r#$u%"i#n

Thr&"i%a' (a%)*r#un$

C#!!#n a$u'"&ra"&$ +##$ i"&!,

E-.&ri!&n", / 0 1

O2,&r3a"i#n, 0 R&,u'",

A$u'"&ran", 0 Di,&a,&,

Pr&%au"i#n,

G#3&rn!&n" !&a,ur&,

C#n%'u,i#n

(i2'i#*ra.h4

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AC5NO6LEDGEMENT

I 7#u'$ 'i)& "# "a)& "hi, O..#r"uni"4 "# "han) !4

"&a%h&r Mr89ina45u!ar7h#,& un,"in"&$ ,u..#r": *ui$an%& an$ &n%#ura*&!&n" ha,

&na2'&$ !& "# %#!.'&"& "hi, .r#j&%"8 I 7#u'$ a',# 'i)& "#

"han) #ur 'a2 a,,i,"an" +#r h&r C#;#.&ra"i#n8

Aim:

T# ,"u$4 ,#!& #+ "h& %#!!#n +##$ a$u'"&ran", in $i

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INTRODUCTION

A$u'"&ra"i#n i, "h& a%" #+ in"&n"i#na''4 $&2a,in* "h& =ua'i"4

#+ +##$ #

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THEORITICAL (AC5GROUND

6& ar& 3&r4 +#r"una"& "# 2& 2#rn a %#un"r4 7hi%h i, 2'&,,&$

7i"h ri%h ,#i': $i3&r,i@&$ %'i!a"&: !an4 ri3&r, an$ "h& *r&a"

Hi!a'a4a, 7h&r& a'!#," a'' 3ari&"i&, #+ +rui",: 3&*&"a2'&,

an$ %&r&a',: &"%8 %an 2& *r#7n8 In an%i&n" "i!&,: "h& 'an$

7a, in a2un$an%&: "h& ,u..'4 #+ +##$ 7a, !#r& "han "h&

$&!an$ an$ ..'& u,&$ +r&,h +##$ !a"&ria', in !#,"

na"ura' +#r!8 Th& .#.u'a"i#n ,.ur" in #ur %#un"r4 ha, *i3&nri,& "# un&!.'#4!&n" an$ .#3&r"48

Th& $&!an$ +#r +##$ ha, in%r&a,&$ 0 #ur %#un"r4 ha, "#

i!.#r"

+##$ *rain,: #i' &"%8 +r#! #"h&r %#un"ri&,8 Thi, ,h#r"a*& #+ +

##$ an$ i*n#ran%& #+ %#n,u!&r, i, "h& !ain %au,& +#r

a$u'"&ra"i#n #+ +##$,"u

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a$u'"&ra"&$8 Th& %#n,u!&r, ar& n#" a7ar& #+ haar$, #+

a$u'"&ra"i#n an$ .a4 h&a3i'4 +#r %#n,u!in* a$u'"&ra"&$

+##$8 I+ "h& %#n,u!&r )n#7, "h& 7a4, an$ !&an, "# %h&%)

"h& %#!!#$i"i&, #+ $ai'4 u,&: "h&4 %an ,a3& "h&!,&'3&, an$

"h&ir +a!i'i&, +r#! "hi, !in$;2#**'in* .r#2'&!8

SOME OF THE COMMON FOOD ADULTERANTS IN FOOD ITEMS

ARE

FOOD ITEMS ADULTERANTS

D&,i *h&& 0 (u""&r 9ana,.a"i *h&&

9&*&"a2'& *h&& Paran 7a-

Mu,"ar$ #i' Ar*&!#n& #i'

Su*ar Cha') .#7$&r: 7a,hin*.#7$&r

Chi''i R&$ '&a$: (ri%) .#7$&r

Tur!&ri% .#7$&r Y&''#7 ,a'", #+ '&a$: 4&''#7

%ha') .#7$&r

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EXPERIMENT /

AIM T# "&," "h& .r&,&n%& #+ a$u'"&ran" in Fa",:(u""&r 0Oi',8

APPARATUS T&,";"u2&,: 2&a)&r,: "&,";"u2& ,"an$: @'"&r

.a.&r: $r#..&r &"%8

CHEMICALS REUIRED

F#r $&,i *h&& 0 2u""&r %#n%8 HC': ,u*ar: ,!a'' a!#un", #+

3ana,.a"i *h&& #r 2u""&r8

F#r 3&*&"a2'& *h&& %#n%8 A%&"i% anh4$ri$&: ,!a'' a!#un",

#+ 3&*&"a2'& *h&&8

F#r #i' %#n%8 Ni"ri% a%i$: ,!a'' a!#un", #+ &$i2'& #i'8

PROCEDURE

In %a,& #+ #r$inar4 "&," +#r +a",: 2u""&r 0 #i',: .u" a ,!a''

a!#un" #+ "h&,& ,&.ara"&'4 #n a @'"&r .a.&r8 F#'$ i" 0 .r&,,:

"h&n un+#'$ i"8 Th& .r&,&n%& #+ "ran,'u%&n" ,.#" in$i%a"&,

"h& .r&,&n%& #+ #i' #r +a"8 H#'$ "h& @'"&r .a.&r #3&r a!&:

"h& ,.#" *r#7, 'ar*&r8

TEST FOR OILS

Ta)& / !' #+ !u,"ar$ #i' in a "&," "u2& 0 a$$ +&7 $r#., #+

%#n%8 HC' ,#'u"i#n "# i"8 Sha)& "h& !i-"ur& 7&''8 A..&aran%&

#+ r&$ %#'#ur in "h& a%i$ 'a4&r in$i%a"&, "h& .r&,&n%& #+

ar*&!#n& #i' in !u,"ar$ #i'8

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CONCLUSION

A..&aran%& #+ %&r"ain %#'#ur, in "h& !i-"ur& $&"&%", "h&

.r&,&n%& #+ a$u'"&ran",8

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EXPERIMENT 1

AIM

T# "&," "h& .r&,&n%& #+ a$u'"&ran", in Su*ar: Chi''i .#7$&r:

Tur!&ri% .#7$&r 0 P&..&r8

APPARATUS

T&,";"u2&,: 2&a)&r,: "&,";"u2& ,"an$: $r#..&r: *'a,, r#$ &"%8

CHEMICALS REUIRED

F#r ,u*ar $i'8 H1SO: 7a"&r: ,a!.'& #+ ,u*ar8

F#r %hi''i .#7$&r $i'8 HNO: 5I ,#'u"i#n: ,a!.'& #+ %hi''i

.#7$&r8

F#r "ur!&ri% .#7$&r %#n%8 HC': ,a!.'& #+ "ur!&ri% .#7$&r8

F#r .&..&r 7a"&r: ,a!.'& #+ .&..&r8

PROCEDURE

/BT&,", +#r Su*ar

aB Ta)& a ,!a'' a!#un" #+ ,u*ar in a 2&a)&r 0 a$$ ,#!&

a!#un" #+ 7a"&r "# i"8 S"ir "h& ,#'u"i#n 7i"h a *'a,, r#$8

Pur& ,u*ar $i,,#'3&, in "h& 7a"&r 7h&r&a, "h& in,#'u2'&

.ar"i%'&, %hi''i .#7$&r: 7a,hin* .#7$&r &"%8B #a", #n "h&

,ur+a%& in$i%a"&, "h& .r&,&n%& #+ a$u'"&ran",8

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2B Ta)& / * #+ ,u*ar in a "&,";"u2& 0 a$$ +&7 $r#., #+ $i'8

HC' "# i"8 A 2ri,) &

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O(SER9ATIONS 0 RESULTS

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S8N# FOOD

PARTICLE

COMMON

ADULTERA

NT

TEST

/8 D&,i Gh&& 0

(u""&r

9an,.a"i

*h&&

,"ar%h 0

P#"a"#

A$$ a 'i""'& ,u*ar 0 HC'

"# !&'" ,a!.'& #+ *h&&

#r 2u""&r: ,ha)& i" +#r K

!inu"&, .r&,&n%& #+

.in) %#'#ur in a=uu,

'a4&r in$i%a"&

3ana,.a"i *h&&8

A$$ 1 !' #+ 7a"&r in

*h&& #r 2u""&r 2#i':

a$$ +&7 $r#., #+ i#$in&

,#'u"i#n "# i" :

a..&aran%& #+ 2'u&

%#'#ur in$i%a"& "h&

.r&,&n%& #+ ,"ar%h in

"h& ,a!.'&8

18 Mu,"ar$ #i' Ar*&!#n&

#i'

K!' #i' %#n%8 HNO

#ran*&r&$ %#'#ur

in$i%a"& "h& .r&,&n%+ ar*&!#n& #i'8

8 Su*ar 6a,hin*

,#$a #r

Cha')

.#7$&r

Sa!.'& #+ ,u*ar a$$

$i'8 HC' 2ri,)

&

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,#$a #r %ha'), .#7$&r8

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8 Sa'" Cha')

.#7$&r

Sa'" 6a"&r 7hi"&

.." in$i%a"&

a$u'"&ra"i#n #+ %ha').#7$&r8

K8 R&$ %hi''i

.#7$&r

(ri%)

.#7$&r #r

$4&,

R&$ %hi''i .#7$&r in a

2&a)&r $i,"i''&$

.#7$&r: (ri%) .#7$&r

,&""'& $#7n in "h&

2#""#!: a..&aran%& #+

r&$ %#'#ur in$i%a"& "h&

.r&,&n%& #+ $4&,8

8 P&..&r Dri&$.a.a4a

,&&$,

Sa!.'& 7a"&r $ri&$ .a.a4a: ,&&$

#a", #3&r "h& ,ur+a%&

#+ 7a"&r: .ur& .&..&r

,&""'& $#7n8

8 T&a U,&$ "&a

'&a3&, #r

7##$&n

%hi.

%#'#ur&$

Sa!.'& !#i," 7hi"&

%'#"h&, ru22&$

%#'#ur&$ in$i%a"& u,&$

"&a '&a3&, #r %#'#ur&$

7##$&n %hi.,8

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Q8 Tur!&ri%

.#7$&r

Y&''#7

%ha')

.#7$&r8

Sa!.'& Tur!&ri%

.#7$&r 1 !' HC'

2ri,) &

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PRECAUTIONS

(4 "a)in* a +&7 .r&%au"i#n,: 7& %an &,%a.& +r#! %#n,u!in*a$u'"&ra"&$ .r#$u%",

/8 Ta)& #n'4 .a%)&$ i"&!, #+ 7&'' )n#7n %#!.ani&,8

18 (u4 i"&!, +r#! r&'ia2'& r&"ai' ,h#., an$ r&%#*ni&$

#u"'&",8

8 Ch&%) "h& ISI !ar) #r A* !ar)8

8 (u4 .r#$u%", #+ #n'4 air "i*h" .#.u'ar 2ran$,8

K8 A3#i$ %rain&,, +#r ar"i@%ia''4 %#'#ur&$ ,7&&", an$ 2u4

#n'4 +r#! r&.u"&$ ,h#.,8

8 D# n#" 2u4 ,7&&", #r ,na%), )&." in #.&n8

8 A3#i$ 2u4in* "hin*, +r#! ,"r&&" ,i$& 3&n$#r,8

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GO9ERNMENT MEASURES

T# %h&%) "h& ,u..'i&r, #+ +##$ +r#! $#in* ,#: "h&

*#3&rn!&n" ha, .a,,&$ a,"rin*&n" a%" 7hi%h i, )n#7n a,

.r&,&r3a"i#n #+ +##$ A$u'"&ra"i#n A%"8 Th&4 ha3& 2&&n

i!.'&!&n"&$ 7i"h "h& #2j&%"i3& #+ .r#3i$in* ,a+&"4 "#

hu!an 2&in*, in "h& ,u..'4 #+ +##$8 I" %#3&r, ,a+&"4 +r#!

ri,), in3#'3&$ $u& "# %#n"a!ina"i#n #+ .#i,#n#u, &'&!&n",8

Th& ,.&%i@%a"i#n 'ai$ $#7n #+ 3ari#u, +##$, un$&r "h&

.r#3i,i#n, #+ PFA A%" %#3&r, !ini!u! 2a,i% %hara%"&ri,"i%,

#+ "h& Pr#$u%", (&'#7 7hi%h i" i, $&&!&$ "# 2&

a$u'"&ra"&$ an$ a',# %#3&r, "h& !a-i!u! 'i!i" #+

%#n"a!inan" n#" %#n,i$&r&$ 2&in* ,a+& +#r hu!an 2&in*,

2&4#n$ a %&r"ain '&3&'8

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CONCLUSION

Th& in%r&a,in* nu!2&r #+ +##$ .r#$u%&r, an$ "h&

#u","an$in* a!#un", #+ i!.#r"&$ +##$ ,"u

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