Chem II

Poly Policy•Dress code violations, which cannot be rectified, are to be sent directly to the GLA

Poly Policy•Electronic devices, other than calculators, are to be confiscated & sent directly to the GLA

Poly Policy•Electronic devices that have been confiscated will only be returned to a guardian.

Chemistry II information will be presented by Power Point Presentation.

All of the Power Point Presentation for this

course are attached to the HW section of Poly’s

website under the name Chemistry II Power

Points.

To be successful in chemistry, you

must be competent in

algebra.

Solve for Y AB XY

= CDE

Scientific Method

•A systematic method for performing

research

Scientific Method•Observing•Hypothesizing•Experimenting•Analyzing

Hypothesis

An educated

guess

Variables

•Anything that changes or can

be changed in an experiment

Independent Variable

•The variable that is changed by the person doing the

experiment

Dependent Variable

•A variable that changes due the

effects of the independent variable

being changed

Scientific Law

Any fact that has been proven

beyond any doubt

Scientific Theory

•An idea that is supported by much scientific data and is accepted by the

scientific community as correct, but cannot be

proven

Problem Solving

What do you have?

•Identify what’s given•List the variables

What do you want?

•Identify what’s being asked for

•Identify the problem

How do you get it?•Identify a formula or an algorithm that can be used to solve the problem

Chemistry•The study of

matter

Matter•Anything that:• takes up space•has mass•has inertia

Mass•The measure of

the amount of matter

Types of Matter•Pure: one kind of substance

•Mixture: 2 or more substances

Substance•A specific

type of matter

Pure Substances

•Elements•Compounds

Element•Any pure substance

that contains only one kind of atom

Compound•A pure substance

made up of 2 or more elements chemically

combined

Mixture•A Physical

blend of substances

Mixture•Each part retains its properties

Mixture•Mixtures can be

separated by physical means

Mixtures•Heterogeneous•Homogenous

Heterogeneous Mixture

•Made up of multiple phases

•Non-uniform

Phase•Any physically separate part of a

substance

Interface• Where two phases come

together

Homogeneous Mixture

•Made up of only one phase

•Uniform throughout

Solution•Homogeneous

mixture

Solute•Any of the lesser portions of a solution

•What has been dissolved

Solvent•The larger portion of a solution

•What is doing the dissolving

Separating Mixtures•Filtration•Distillation•Precipitation•Chromatography

Filtration•Separation by size •Passing through pores

Distillation•Separation by differences in B.P.

•Boil & collect

Precipitation•Separation by differences in solubility

•Allow solutions to ppt

Chromatography•Separation through charge or polarity differences

•Separating ink on paper

Classify each of the following as:

Pure: element or compound

Mixture: hetero. or homo

•Air, water, mud, the sea, aluminum, orange juice, brass, gold

List and describe all types of pure

substances

List and describe all types of mixtures