CHECK IN ??????? Describe what you see in this picture. How
does it make you feel/how do you react?
Slide 2
REVIEW Nation Nation Shared traits? State State Nation-State
Nation-State
Slide 3
Agricultural Revolution (Britain) 1700:wealthy landowners begin
buying up village farmers land 1700:wealthy landowners begin buying
up village farmers land Enclosures (put up fences or hedges)
Enclosures (put up fences or hedges) More land=new agricultural
methods Crop Rotation Forced small farmers to become tenant farmers
or move to cities
Slide 4
Food supplies increasewhat does this lead to? What is the
importance of food?
Slide 5
Why Britain??? Large population of workers Large population of
workers NATURAL RESOURCES (water, coal, iron ore, rivers, harbors)
NATURAL RESOURCES (water, coal, iron ore, rivers, harbors)
Expanding economy & banking Expanding economy & banking
Political stability (NO WARS ON LAND) Political stability (NO WARS
ON LAND)
Slide 6
FACTORS OF PRODUCTION LANDLABORCAPITAL ENTREPRNERSHIP Natural
ResourcesWorkersMoney, MachinesPeople w/ ideas
Slide 7
In your books Pg. 675-680 Choose what you believe to be the
most important advancements from this time period and create/fill
in the following chart (you will have more than two rows)
InventorInventionEffect
Slide 8
InventorInventionEffect John Kay (1733) Flying Shuttle Made
weaving more efficient, but led to a need for better spinning
machines. James Hargreaves (1764) Spinning Jenny Push to create
machine that makes better thread. (Mechanically drew out cotton
fibers and twisted them into threads. Spinner could work 8 threads
at a time. All done by hand.)
Slide 9
InventorInventionEffect Richard Arkwright (1769) Water Frame
Creation of cotton mills. Samuel Crompton (1779) Spinning Mule
Stronger thread at lower cost. Helped increase British cotton sales
and decrease imports.
Slide 10
Slide 11
InventorInventionEffect James Watt (1774) Steam Engine Faster
and more efficient steam engine. Later used to propel boats. Robert
Fulton (1788) Steamboat Faster travel on longer distances. Network
of canals. George Stephenson (1821) Worlds 1 st Railroad Line Fast
& cheap transport of materials. NEW JOBS. Easier travel for
work. Charles Wheatstone & William Cooke (1837) Five-wire
telegraph Made railways safer. Easier crime-fighting.
Slide 12
Slide 13
Industrialism City Growth Urbanization: city building and the
movement of people to cities Urbanization: city building and the
movement of people to cities European urban areas double in
population (at least) European urban areas double in population (at
least) Infrastructure: basic physical and organizational structures
and facilities Infrastructure: basic physical and organizational
structures and facilities Ex: schools, hospitals, paved roads, etc.
Ex: schools, hospitals, paved roads, etc. New cities had NONE of
this!!! New cities had NONE of this!!! No development plans &
sanitation codes No development plans & sanitation codes
Slide 14
Slide 15
Industrialization Poor Working Conditions Average worker spent
14 hours a day, 6 days a week on the job Average worker spent 14
hours a day, 6 days a week on the job Bad working conditions Bad
working conditions Unclean Unclean Not well lit Not well lit Unsafe
machinery and no government aid/protection for injury Unsafe
machinery and no government aid/protection for injury
Slide 16
Slide 17
"I began work at the mill in Bradford when I was nine years
oldwe began at six in the morning and worked until nine at night.
When business was brisk, we began at five and worked until ten in
the evening." - Hannah Brown, interviewed in 1832
Slide 18
"Very often the children are woken at four in the morning. The
children are carried on the backs of the older children asleep to
the mill, and they see no more of their parents till they go home
at night and are sent to bed." - Richard Oastler, interviewed in
1832
Slide 19
"Sarah Golding was poorly and so she stopped her machine. James
Birch, the overlooker, knocked her to the floor. She got up as well
as she could. He knocked her down again. Then she was carried to
her house.......she was found dead in her bed. There was another
girl called Mary......she knocked her food can to the floor. The
master, Mr. Newton, kicked her and caused her to wear away till she
died. There was another, Caroline Thompson, who was beaten till she
went out of her mind. The overlookers used to cut off the hair of
any girl caught talking to a lad. This head shaving was a dreadful
punishment. We were more afraid of it than any other punishment for
girls are proud of their hair. - An interview in 1849 with an
unknown woman who worked in a cotton factory as a child.
Slide 20
Impact of Industrialization: Higher life expectancy overall
Higher life expectancy overall Growth of strong middle class Growth
of strong middle class More democratic participation social reform
More democratic participation social reform Union formation Union
formation Fight for better working conditions and higher pay Fight
for better working conditions and higher pay Strike if demands not
met Strike if demands not met Combination Acts of 1799 & 1800
repealed in 1824 Combination Acts of 1799 & 1800 repealed in
1824
Slide 21
Impact of Industrialization (Cont.): In Britain Factory Act
1833: illegal to hire child under 9 years old Factory Act 1833:
illegal to hire child under 9 years old 9-12 yr olds could not work
more than 8 hrs/day 9-12 yr olds could not work more than 8 hrs/day
13-17 yr olds could not work more than 12 hrs/day 13-17 yr olds
could not work more than 12 hrs/day Mine Act 1842: Women and
children cannot work underground Mine Act 1842: Women and children
cannot work underground Ten Hours Act 1847: 10 hour workday for
women and children in factories Ten Hours Act 1847: 10 hour workday
for women and children in factories 1833 abolition of slavery
(William Wilberforce) 1833 abolition of slavery (William
Wilberforce) 1888 International Council for Women 1888
International Council for Women 1800s free public schooling 1800s
free public schooling
Slide 22
GLOBAL INEQUALITY (industrialized vs. non- industrialized)
IMPERIALISM