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THE USE OF TIMES TO MODEL CITY WATER AND ENERGY
SYSTEMS – INSIGHTS FROM THE APPLICATION TO EVORA
AND ALMADAMUNICIPALITIES
Semi-annual ETSAP meeting
Workshop on Integrated Water-Energy Modelling
ETH Zürich
15th December 2017CO2
ENERGY &
CLIMATE
New Technologies & Low Carbon Practices
Climate Mitigation/ Adaptation
Consumers Profiles &
Energy Efficiency
Policy Support
Energy Transitions
Integrative Energy City
Planning
Luís Pereira [email protected]
CENSE, NOVA-FCT, 2017
AGENDA
› Context› Water and energy nexus
› InSmart project › Relevant work on applying times model alt local/urban/city scale
› City energy planning structure› Water and WasteWater systems
› Surecity project› Water and WasteWater systems
› First steps upgrading
› Futher steps and questions for debate
CENSE, NOVA-FCT, 2017
CONTEXT
more than half of
global population80% of the world’s
GDP in 2013
two-thirds of primary
energy demand
70% of total energy-
related CO2 emissions
70% in 2050
CENSE, NOVA-FCT, 2017
RAISING ALARM
MEDIUM TERM RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
› Support the cities sustaiable future transition from locals ofconsumption to production focusing in the water-energy-food
› The realization of a less resource-constrained future depends on effective measures for water recycling and efficiency improvement.
› Combinations of factor can conditionate the adoptions of more energy efficient technologies;
› future efficiency improvement potential, especially in the industry and municipal sectors;
World Economic Forum - The Global Risks Report 2016
INSMART PROJECT
› Vision› Cities sustainable energy future are achievable by:
› bringing together cities, scientific and industrial organizations, › considering the integration of the components of the city’s energy system, › selecting cost-effective options from multiple data sources and integrated tools, › choosing the best social-accepted technologies and measures.
› Purpose› Design comprehensive data-driven methods for enhancing the city’s sustainable
planning, addressing the current and future city energy needs. › Implement an integrative planning tool to identify the optimum mix of short,
medium and long term measures for a sustainable energy future for the city. › Address the efficiency of energy flows across all city sectors considering spatial
patterns and economic, environmental and social criteria. › Engage city agents to pave the implementation of priority actions.
CENSE, NOVA-FCT, 2017
METHODS & TOOLS FOR DATA-DRIVEN
INTEGRATED ENERGY PLANNING
Fisrt: Analysis of existing sustainable policies and data availability for each city –identification of data gaps
and challenges and propose specific measures either in the form of necessary actions, (e.g. necessary preliminary studies, data acquisition, monitoring) as well as organisationalrestructuring of the city administration in order to achieve the sustainability targets.
Include different departments of the municipality to contribute
CENSE, NOVA-FCT, 2017
INFORMATION
http://www.insmartenergy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/54263_Insmart-brochure_36pp_FINAL_LR.pdf
Project book
Available from:
http://www.insmartenergy.com/work-packages/
WP Deliverables
Available from:
WHERE IS ÉVORA
Évora municipality has been taken for several studies on smart cities, is equipped with a vast number of smart meters (around 33 000 meters) (EDP, 2010) and is located in the highest solar irradiance area of Portugal (Figure 1). It comprises one urban area with 45 350 ihnabitants (INE, 2011), and is extensive open wide rural areas of 70 000ha covers 54% of the municipality total area (130 700ha) (CME, 2014)
CME, 2014. [Municipal forest fire prevention plan 2014 – 2018] Plano municipal de defesa da floresta contra incêndios 2014 – 2018 Caderno I DiagnósticoEDP, 2010. InovCity Évora. EDP – Energias de Portugal. Available at: [wwww.inovcity.pt]INE, 2011. Dados Estatísticos. Instituto Nacional de Estatística. http://www.ine.pt/
TIMES_ÉVORA: SECTORS
› Transport
› Buildings
› Public services
› Supply
› Industry
› Agriculture
Residential
Commercial
Municipality
Water system
Sewage system
Waste system
Public lighting
lighting
CENSE, NOVA-FCT, 2017
Évora energy flows
CENSE, NOVA-FCT, 2017
1% total/ 45% municipal
THE TIMES_CITY MODEL
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM MODELING
Water source
Water Treatment plant
Water Distribution
Water demand
Energy Consumption
• Detailed by city region, with the correspondente trades;• Water modelled as material and unit of mass;• Simple straightforward chain with no link to wastewater system;• Data source: Central Water Regulatory Agency data specific for the municipality; Local
stakeholders were contacted but with no significant impact (yes/no tendency)
Évora water system facilities
Energy system
WASTEWATER SYSTEM MODELING
Sewage source
Swage collection
Swage treatment plant
Sewage demand
Energy Consumption
Évora Wastewater system facilities Energy system
WATER AND WASTEWATER SYSTEM RESULTS
TIMES_EVORA
Water system Évora GHG emissions WasteWater system Évora GHG emissions
4% of total emissions
Almada
Judenburg
Malmo
▪ SURECITY´s mission is to support smart city level integration of policies and measurestowards a low carbon energy system including mobility services
▪ Keep sustainability goals on air quality, sustainable land-use, efficient water use, jobcreation and improved governance
▪ Support the local authorities, companies and citizens to develop and analyze sustainableenergy and transport strategies and markets
▪ Incentivize the creation of new business models.
ALMADA MUNICIPALITY ENERGY SYSTEM
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM MODELINGAlmada water system facilities Water source
Water Treatment plant
Water Distribution
Water demand(by city zone)
Energy Consumption
Dams and Reservoirs
Ground water
Energy system
WASTEWATER SYSTEM MODELINGSewage source(by city zone)
Swage collection
Swage treatment plant
Cogeneration facility(re-use of biogas)
ElectrictyConsumption
Type 1 Type x
Sewage demandbiogas
Electricity produced
Energy system
UPGRADED APPROACHWater source
Water Extraction
Water Distribution
Water demand
Dams and Reservoirs
Ground waterRainwaterharvesting
Salt water
Water Treatment(descentralized for rainwater)
Desalination technologies
Water source
Water Extraction
Water Distribution
Water demand
Dams and Reservoirs
Ground waterRainwaterharvesting
Salt water
Water Treatment(descentralized for rainwater)
Desalination technologies
• Dish washing machine• Shower and taps• Flush and loses• Cloth washing
Residential
Agriculture
Industry
Agriculture
UPGRADED APPROACH
Water source
Water Extraction
Water Distribution
Water demand
Dams and Reservoirs
Ground waterRainwaterharvesting
Salt water
Water Treatment(descentralized for rainwater)
Desalination technologies
• Dish washing machine• Shower and taps• Flush and loses• Cloth washing
Residential
Agriculture
Industry
Agriculture
Energy Consumption
Energy system
UPGRADED APPROACH
PROVISIONAL RESULTS
Example on the impact of energy consumption due to the improvement of more efficient end use water technologies;
CONCLUSIONS
› The low share to the total energy consumption relegates the systemsto secondary level of importance
› Early stage of modelling development- still refining the modellingstructure;
› Should the water-energy nexus should be applied to a urban context? The interconnections are present but the relations are typical more unidirectional.
› Complementarity with other models? WEAP?
NEXT STEPS
› Integrate Urban Water system: connect water supply and sewerage (dividing by gray and black water);
› Integrate water services in the household end use technologies: analyze the importance of driver to implementation of more energy-water efficiency technologies;
› Include the water loses in the distribution network;
› Inlude water cost – residential sector;
› Include electricity consumption on water and wastewater treatment system per timeslice;
FUTURE STEPS
› Integrated urban water consumption with local food production;
› Analysis of the external/indirect city impacts
THANK YOU
CO2ENERGY &
CLIMATE
New Technologies & Low Carbon Practices
Climate Mitigation/ Adaptation
Consumers Profiles &
Energy Efficiency
Policy Support
Energy Transitions
Integrative Energy City
Planning
Luís Pereira [email protected]
CENSE, NOVA-FCT, 2017
http://www.insmartenergy.com/
CENSE, NOVA-FCT, 2017
Semi-annual ETSAP meeting - Workshop on Integrated Water-Energy Modelling
ETH Zürich
15th December 2017
REFERENCES
› Luck, M., M. Landis and F. Gassert (2015), Aqueduct Water Stress Projectons: Decadal Projectonsof Water Supply and Demand Using CMIP5 GCMs, World Resources Insttute, Washington, DC.
› McDonald, et al. (2014), “Water on an Urban Planet: Urbanizaton and the Reach of Urban Water Infrastructure”, Global Environmental Change,Vol.27, pp.96-105
› Bijl, D., et al. (2016), “Long-term Water Demand for Electricity, Indsutry and Households”, Environmental Science & Policy, Vol. 55 (1), pp.75-86
