Characteristics of Civilization: The Hebrews and Phoenicians

Mr. PagliaroSeymour High School

Key Vocabulary

Terms monotheism covenant murex

Names Palestine Canaan Abraham Torah Moses Phoenicians

Section Objectives

Summarize the history and beliefs of the Hebrews

Explain the historical and cultural significance of Exodus

Identify and evaluate the contributions of the Phoenicians

The Ancient Hebrews

Location-South Western Fertile Crescent Canaan (later Israel)

Significance-Worlds 1st Monotheistic Religion: Judaism Belief in Yahweh (Hebrew name for God) Believed to be “God’s Chosen People”

Founder: Abram (later Abraham)

Abraham-Patriarch of Monotheism

Abraham-Patriarch of Monotheism

ABRAHAMABRAHAM SARAHSARAHHAGARHAGAR

IsaacIsaac

EsauEsauJacobJacob

12 Tribes of Israel

12 Tribes of Israel

Ishmael

Ishmael

12 Arabian Tribes

12 Arabian Tribes

Judaism & Christianity

Islam

Hebrew Social Structure:

The 12 Tribes of Israel

Abraham’s Journey from UrAbraham’s Journey from Ur

Canaan The “Promised Land”Canaan The “Promised Land”

Abraham’s JourneysAbraham’s Journeys

Check up

Where did Abraham and his family originally come from? Where did they go?

The TorahThe Torah

The TorahThe Torah

The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible.

The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition.

God’s covenant

The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible.

The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition.

God’s covenant

FamineMigration to Goshen, Egypt

FamineMigration to Goshen, Egypt

MosesMoses

“Prince of Egypt”

“Prince of Egypt”

“Shepherd of His People”

“Shepherd of His People”

The Exodus-Hebrews out of EgyptThe Exodus-Hebrews out of Egypt

c. 1400s or 1300s BC

Route of the ExodusRoute of the Exodus

Moses and the 10 CommandmentsMoses and the 10 Commandments

A new “covenant”

with Yahweh

A new “covenant”

with Yahweh

Hebrew Kingsc. 1030-930 BC (the Golden Age)

1. Saul2. David

3. Solomon

King David’s Empire

King David’s Empire

Solomon’s

Kingdom

Solomon’s

Kingdom

King Solomon’s Temple Floor PlanKing Solomon’s Temple Floor PlanKing Solomon’s Temple Floor PlanKing Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan

The First TempleThe First Temple

Inside the Temple Tabernacle

(The Holy of Holies)

Inside the Temple Tabernacle

(The Holy of Holies)

The Arkof the

Covenant

The Arkof the

Covenant

The Temple MountTodayThe Temple

MountToday

Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall

Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall

Kingdoms of

Judah

&

Israel

Kingdoms of

Judah

&

Israel

Babylonian CaptivityBabylonian Captivity

Check up

What was the Babylonian captivity?

What were some of the main problems facing the Hebrews between 2000 BC and 700 BC?

The Phoenicians

Achievement #1:Extraordinary shipbuilders and sailors

Government:City-States Sidon and Tyre made red-purple dye

(60,000 snails made one 1 lb. brick) Byblos traded papyrus. Greatest colony was Carthage (Tyre)

Trade

Round-hulled ships Goods:

Murex (purple dye) Glass Lebanon cedar

Phoenician Trade Routes

The Phoenician Alphabet

Check up

What is Phoenician’s greatest legacy, extensive trade and cultural diffusion or the 1st alphabet?