chapter14 pp lecture 1

8/7/2019 chapter14 pp lecture 1

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Good Sun movies to download:

http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/Things/g_sunspots.html

Images compiled from Owen Gingerichs copy of the first edition of Istoria e

Dimostrazioni

Wave_fade.mpg photosphere:chromosphere:corona, optical:UV:X-ray

http://www.lmsal.com/YPOP/FilmFestival/index.html

C2_1mth.mpghttp://lasco-www.nrl.navy.mil/


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Nuclear Fusion only occurs in the core. The core is only about 25% of the radius

of the sun. The core is essentially the oven of the sun.

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Two different types. The sun ONLY does Fusion.

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When two protons try to approach they repel because they have the same charge.

BUT in the core of the sun the temperatures due to the gravity of all the weight

applies enough pressure to get the core hot enough to allow kinetic energy which

means high velocity. The protons get close enough for a nuclear reaction to

occur.

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4 protons combine to form a helium 4 particle and ENERGY. Energy is equal to

the difference of the mass of the 4 protons and helium 4.

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Deuteron is a heavy hydrogen. Positron is a positive electron it is a beta ray.

Helium 3 is a helion which is a little lighter than regular helium. Gamma rays

and photons are the same thing at this given energy.

HIGH ENERGY- GAMMA

MEDIUM- x- Ray

LOWER- COLORS

UV

VIGYOR

IR

MICROWAVE

RADIO

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Total mass is less than 1% lower. You need 6 protons to make the reaction go but

you get 2 back.

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The sun would expand and cool down because the excess heat makes it expand

then it cools down as it expands.

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If things get too hot the sun will expand. As it expands it will cool. If the sun

gets too cold it will shrink and warm up.

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Photons are very energetic so they can go through very thick/very dense material.

Bounce of and goes in different directions. VERYLONG PROCESS TO GET

THROUGH. This is called the radiation zone because there is no mass

movement of particles. Fusion will not necessarily occur.

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Here the material is fluid enough that it can move around. THERE IS MASS

MOVEMENT! The photons move quicker and brings the heat to the surface. As

it comes up (rises) it cools down on the way. Forms like cells.

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Looking at the surface.

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We tried to take what we know on earth, made a model and compared it to what

is actually going on.

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We think we know about neutrinos. If the reaction occurs we can calculate it.

We know enough to count.

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Download a movie to illustrate solar oscillations from:

http://science.nasa.gov/ssl/pad/solar/p_modes.htm


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Download a movie to illustrate solar oscillations from:

http://science.nasa.gov/ssl/pad/solar/p_modes.htm

Compare data to how hot and dense each layer is. We have a good idea of what

is going on in the sun.


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John Updike poem - permissions needed ?


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Ray Davis detector uses cleaning fluid because it has a lot of chlorine in it.

Always get about 1/3 the number they are looking for. Build these under

mountains to get rid of everything else nd you need something hard enough to

beem a little.

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Neutrinos- only one out of a very large number reacts in the detector. What

theorist have conjectured is that neutrinos from electron processes as it travels

the distance of sun to earth they change.

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Magnetic fields- Behaves in such a way that opposite poles of magnets attract

visa versa. The south pole is in the north of the earth.

Sun is made of plasma Mostly hydrogen. Moving charged particles cause I

magnetic field. Changing magnetic fields make charged particles move.

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Massive movements of charged particles gang together make regions of space

where magnetic field lines that particles like to follow. Sunspots are just cool

spaces on the sun. During times where there are a lot of sunspots, since the spots

are cause my strong magnetic fields they can cause problems on earth. Causedisruptions on Earth.

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Separations of spectra lines are caused by a strong magnetic field inside a

sunspot.

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Electron would get caught up on field lines. The charged particles follow the

magnetic field lines.

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Providence cause by charged particles being attracted through field lines.

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Field so strong that it captures the entire flare is called a solar prominence. HIGH

MAGNETIC FIELDS

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Wave_fade.mpg photosphere:chromosphere:corona, optical:UV:X-ray

http://www.lmsal.com/YPOP/FilmFestival/index.html


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When the corona has a solar prominence energy makes its way through the solar

system. Becomes solar storm.

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If there is a solar ejections the field only gets a certain proportion of the particals

and the particles could get closer and closer to the Earth to affect satellites or

knock out power grids.

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Equator rotates faster than the north and south pole. Sunspots tend to follow

these field lines

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Fission and Fusion DO NOT occur at the surface of the sun.

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chapter14 pp lecture 1