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2/10/15
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chemistry
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 2 of 33
Naming Ions
A rose is rosa in Spanish, warda in Arabic, and julab in Hindi. To truly understand another culture, you must first learn the language used in that culture. Similarly, to understand chemistry, you must learn its language. For this you need to know how to name ions.
9.1
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© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
Monatomic Ions
How are the charges of Group A metal and nonmetal ions related to their positions in the periodic table?
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
Monatomic ions consist of a single atom with a positive or negative charge resulting from the loss or gain of one or more valence electrons, respectively.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
Cations
When the metals in Groups 1A, 2A, and 3A lose electrons, they form cations with positive charges equal to their group number.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
The names of the cations of the Group 1A, Group 2A, and Group 3A metals are the same as the name of the metal, followed by the word ion or cation.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
These elements have ionic charges that can be obtained from their group numbers.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
Anions
The charge of any ion of a Group A nonmetal is determined by subtracting 8 from the group number.
Anion names start with the stem of the element name and end in -ide.
9.1
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Slide 9 of 33
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
These Group A elements form anions.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions 9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
Ions of Transition Metals
How are the charges of some transition metal ions determined?
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
The charges of the cations of many transition metal ions must be determined from the number of electrons lost.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
These colorful solutions contain the transition metal ions Co3+, Cr3+, Fe3+, Ni2+, and Mn2+.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
Many transition metal compounds are colored and can be used as pigments.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
Two methods are used to name the ions of transition metals.
• The Stock system
• The classical method
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
In the Stock system, a Roman numeral in parentheses is placed after the name of the element to indicate the numerical value of the charge.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions
In an older less, useful method, the classical name of the element is used to form the root name for the element.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions 9.1
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Conceptual Problem 9.1
1.1
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Conceptual Problem 9.1
1.1
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Conceptual Problem 9.1 1.1
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Practice Problems
Practice Problems For Conceptual Problem 9.1
Problem-Solving 9.1 Solve Problem 1 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.
for Conceptual Problem 9.1
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Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions
Polyatomic Ions
What are the two endings of the names of most polyatomic ions?
9.1
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Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions
These models show the structures of four common polyatomic ions.
9.1
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© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions
Some ions, called polyatomic ions, are composed of more than one atom.
The names of most polyatomic anions end in -ite or -ate.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions
Names and Formulas of Some Common Polyatomic Ions
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Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions
Sodium hydrogen carbonate can relieve an upset stomach.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions
HCO3–, HPO4
2–, and H2PO4– ions in your blood
are critical for your health.
9.1
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Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions
Fertilizers contain HPO42– and H2PO4– ions.
9.1
© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Slide 30 of 33
Section Quiz
-or- Continue to: Launch:
Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section 9.1.
9.1 Section Quiz.