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CHAPTER EIGHT. THE CLASH OF THE EMPIRES. Frenchmen also known as LaSalle. He had come to New France two years before to trade for furs with Indians. His great ambition was to find a route to Asia through the interior of North America. ROBERT CAVELIER/LASALLE. NORTHWEST PASSAGE. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
CHAPTER EIGHT
THE CLASH OF THE EMPIRES
bull Frenchmen bull also known as
LaSalle bull He had come to New
France two years before to trade for furs with Indians
bull His great ambition was to find a route to Asia through the interior of North America ROBERT
CAVELIERLASALLE
NORTHWEST PASSAGE
A route to Asia through the interior of North America
New France had begun with Samuel Champlainrsquos
founding of Quebec in 1608
Population was 2000 (mostly male)
WHAT JOBS DID THE FRENCH HAVE
bull Fur tradersbull Government officialsbull missionaries
QUEBEC
bull THE CAPITAL OF NEW FRANCE
MONTREAL
In the 1660s France became very concerned about the growing number of English and Dutch colonists in North America
They were beginning to compete with the French fur trade
HOW IS NEW FRANCE DIFFERENT The English has set up permanent colonies whereas the French had not
SOhellipFRANCE STARTED SETTLING
The increased population would serve as a line of defense against the English expansion
The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700
HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH
bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
bull Frenchmen bull also known as
LaSalle bull He had come to New
France two years before to trade for furs with Indians
bull His great ambition was to find a route to Asia through the interior of North America ROBERT
CAVELIERLASALLE
NORTHWEST PASSAGE
A route to Asia through the interior of North America
New France had begun with Samuel Champlainrsquos
founding of Quebec in 1608
Population was 2000 (mostly male)
WHAT JOBS DID THE FRENCH HAVE
bull Fur tradersbull Government officialsbull missionaries
QUEBEC
bull THE CAPITAL OF NEW FRANCE
MONTREAL
In the 1660s France became very concerned about the growing number of English and Dutch colonists in North America
They were beginning to compete with the French fur trade
HOW IS NEW FRANCE DIFFERENT The English has set up permanent colonies whereas the French had not
SOhellipFRANCE STARTED SETTLING
The increased population would serve as a line of defense against the English expansion
The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700
HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH
bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
NORTHWEST PASSAGE
A route to Asia through the interior of North America
New France had begun with Samuel Champlainrsquos
founding of Quebec in 1608
Population was 2000 (mostly male)
WHAT JOBS DID THE FRENCH HAVE
bull Fur tradersbull Government officialsbull missionaries
QUEBEC
bull THE CAPITAL OF NEW FRANCE
MONTREAL
In the 1660s France became very concerned about the growing number of English and Dutch colonists in North America
They were beginning to compete with the French fur trade
HOW IS NEW FRANCE DIFFERENT The English has set up permanent colonies whereas the French had not
SOhellipFRANCE STARTED SETTLING
The increased population would serve as a line of defense against the English expansion
The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700
HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH
bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
New France had begun with Samuel Champlainrsquos
founding of Quebec in 1608
Population was 2000 (mostly male)
WHAT JOBS DID THE FRENCH HAVE
bull Fur tradersbull Government officialsbull missionaries
QUEBEC
bull THE CAPITAL OF NEW FRANCE
MONTREAL
In the 1660s France became very concerned about the growing number of English and Dutch colonists in North America
They were beginning to compete with the French fur trade
HOW IS NEW FRANCE DIFFERENT The English has set up permanent colonies whereas the French had not
SOhellipFRANCE STARTED SETTLING
The increased population would serve as a line of defense against the English expansion
The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700
HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH
bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHAT JOBS DID THE FRENCH HAVE
bull Fur tradersbull Government officialsbull missionaries
QUEBEC
bull THE CAPITAL OF NEW FRANCE
MONTREAL
In the 1660s France became very concerned about the growing number of English and Dutch colonists in North America
They were beginning to compete with the French fur trade
HOW IS NEW FRANCE DIFFERENT The English has set up permanent colonies whereas the French had not
SOhellipFRANCE STARTED SETTLING
The increased population would serve as a line of defense against the English expansion
The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700
HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH
bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
QUEBEC
bull THE CAPITAL OF NEW FRANCE
MONTREAL
In the 1660s France became very concerned about the growing number of English and Dutch colonists in North America
They were beginning to compete with the French fur trade
HOW IS NEW FRANCE DIFFERENT The English has set up permanent colonies whereas the French had not
SOhellipFRANCE STARTED SETTLING
The increased population would serve as a line of defense against the English expansion
The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700
HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH
bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
MONTREAL
In the 1660s France became very concerned about the growing number of English and Dutch colonists in North America
They were beginning to compete with the French fur trade
HOW IS NEW FRANCE DIFFERENT The English has set up permanent colonies whereas the French had not
SOhellipFRANCE STARTED SETTLING
The increased population would serve as a line of defense against the English expansion
The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700
HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH
bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
In the 1660s France became very concerned about the growing number of English and Dutch colonists in North America
They were beginning to compete with the French fur trade
HOW IS NEW FRANCE DIFFERENT The English has set up permanent colonies whereas the French had not
SOhellipFRANCE STARTED SETTLING
The increased population would serve as a line of defense against the English expansion
The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700
HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH
bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
HOW IS NEW FRANCE DIFFERENT The English has set up permanent colonies whereas the French had not
SOhellipFRANCE STARTED SETTLING
The increased population would serve as a line of defense against the English expansion
The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700
HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH
bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
SOhellipFRANCE STARTED SETTLING
The increased population would serve as a line of defense against the English expansion
The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700
HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH
bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700
HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH
bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH
bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
TRADETRADE
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN
bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land
bull The riches for these
men lie in fur pelts and hides
bull Land was only granted to the nobles
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK
bull Indian participation
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE
bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power
bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes
bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
CHAPTER 8 SECTION 2
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHAT ELSE
bull They took the time to learn the Indian language
bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED
Traded goods without exchanging money
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHAT DID THEY BARTER
bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured
itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH
ROBERT CAVELIER
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him
about his homeland A great
river called the Ohio River ran
through this land
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage
That is why LaSalle was so excited
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN
bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
NObull The next spring he headed southward from
Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the
Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading
south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
PORTAGE
bull Carrying boats over land
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River
They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM
bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)
gt
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth
gt
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Out of food and lost all but one ship
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH
bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together
bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely
bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI
bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico
bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs
and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control
of the Mississippi River
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO p 154bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34bull 3 COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS 15-34 IN
CLASSbull 4 SHOULD YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE MAKE
SURE YOUR CHAPTER 8 MAP IS FINISHED IT IS DUE ON WEDNESDAY THAT IS TOMORROW
bull 5 SMILE
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s
bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal
bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by
New Orleans
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
PART TWO
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
FRANCE AND ENGLAND
STARTED FIGHTING
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE
bullTHE MOWHAWK
INDIANS
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER
bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH
bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
I can explain WHY the League of Iroquois maintained so much power at
this time
bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in
1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson
Valley had been trapped
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
43I can explain the effect Iroquois
expansion had on the Frenchbull Iroquois expansion threatened the
French fur trade
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
HERE COMES TROUBLE
bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France
and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire
VS
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League
of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies
fought against the French and Algonquin Indians
bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region
bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the
Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians
refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was
England trying to capture Quebec (failed)
bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new
territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson
Bay Gibraltar)
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA
when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain
bull English captured Louisburg
bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
I can define balance of powers
bull Equal levels of strength
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was
bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHAT DO I DO NOW
bull 1 OPEN TEXTBOOK TO pbull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENT 35-50bull 3 COMPLETE ONLY 35-50bull 4 QUITTERS NEVER WIN WINNERS NEVER
QUIT
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
TENSION ON THE FRONTIER
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Hannah Dustin
They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was
captured by Indians on March 15 1697
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France
and England in the 1750s
bull The growing population
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000
FRANCE POPULATION= 80000
0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000
1000000
POPULATION
ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
I can define land speculators
bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested
in selling and settling to
Ohio Valley
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers
settling in this area
bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting
Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined
JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
The Iroquoishellip
bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Albany Plan of Union
1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council
2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown
3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians
4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union
DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up
power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
SECTION THREE
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754
George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the
Forks of the Ohio River
ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA
RIVER
OHIO RIVER
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
They called it Fort Necessity
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort
Necessity
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE
BRITISH FORT NECESSITY
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an
unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS
SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH
AND INDIAN WAR IShellip
bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR
1756 --- 1763
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip
bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES
bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military
help from its colonists
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the
Huron and the Algonquin
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
ENGLISH ADVANTAGES
1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic
coast was much easier to defend
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their
homes and land
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND
bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH
bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
THE ENDhellipFOR NOW
bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY
IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE
bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
PART TWO OF SECTION THREE
OF
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed
for the Wildernesshellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from
Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their
cannons
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians
ambushed the Braddockrsquos army
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was
killed
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight
women
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE
bullFRENCH VICTORY
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
casualtiesbull The wounded and dead
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
SCORE CHECK
bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
prime minister
bull Head of government
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of
Britain in 1757
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WILLIAM PITT
bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money
into the war thus making England in debt
bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
WHY TAKE QUEBEC
bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons
protected it
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos
cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Louis Montcalm was the French leader
(James Wolfe was the British general)
Louis Montcalm James Wolfe
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to
the plateau above
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside
in battle formation
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED
THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS
THE FRENCH SURRENDERED
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC
bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Treaty of Paris of 1763
bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
TREATY OF PARIS 1763
bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France
during the war)
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
France gave Spain New Orleans
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
THE BRITISH
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
INDIANS START TO WORRY
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
HOW COULD THEY
General AMHURST
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
POTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip
bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
ONE BY ONEhellip
bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE
DOWN BRITISH FORTS
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
MEANWHILEhellip
bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT
bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM
bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip
THE ENDhellip
FOR NOWhellip