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Chapter 9Interest GroupsThe Nature of Interest Groups
Private organizationstry to persuade public officials to respond to
their membersUnlike political parties
do not nominate candidates, focus on winning elections
Stimulate people to be involved in public affairs and to participate in politics
Problem influence disproportionate to size and
occasionally use unethical tactics
Role of Interest Groups
1st Amendment“the right of the people to
peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances”
Allows for creation of interest groups
Gun control? Prayer in public school? Increase in minimum wage? Abortion? Gay rights?
Political Parties and Interest GroupsBoth consist of people who unite
for a purpose…OverlapImportant differences
Nominations Political parties pick Interest groups influence
Primary focus Political parties who, noun Interest groups what, issue
Scope Range of public affairs
Interest Groups… Good or Bad
James MadisonThought factions were bad
Undo influence of the few over the many
How stop? Eliminate factions, eliminate
freedom Balance, many factions
Necessary evil
Positive attributes Stimulate interest in public affairs
Why is this interest important? Represent based on shared ideas not
geography Teachers Farmers
Provide the gov’t with info Employment, price levels,
Vehicles for political participation One mom vs MADD
Checks and Balances Keep tabs on public agencies
Compete Limit power of each other
Clean air act? Auto industry -vs- environmental
Negative Attributes Influence
Proportion to size? Dependant on how organized and
financed not size… Representation
Who and how many? The world will never know
Views Not all ways represent views of all
their members Normally driven by a small active few
Tactics Bribery, threats, violence abortion
Shapes and Sizes
Membership Thousands, millions, hand full
Foundation Economic interest
Business labor
Ideas Gay rights
Welfare Protections of certain groups
Veterans, seniors, homeless
Multiple Can belong to many groups
Groups based on Economic Interests: how people make their money
Part OneBusinessExamples
NAM: National Association of Manufacturers
Big businessChamber of Commerce
Smaller businessesBusiness Roundtable
150 chief executive officersTrade Associations
American trucking association, American Restaurant Association
Groups based on Economic Interests: how people make their money
Part TwoLabor
ExamplesAFL: American Federation of LaborFOP: Fraternal Order of Police
Chapters in each stateNot always see eye to eye with
National chapter
Groups based on Economic Interests: how people make their money
Part ThreeAgricultureExamples
National Grange Oldest, Most conservative
Focus on welfare of families North east and Mid Atlantic States
American Farm Bureau Largest, Most powerful
Midwest opposing gov’t regulation “Let us do our job”
National Farmers Union Strength from smaller less fortunate farmers
Dirty Farmers Upper Mid West and West
Groups based on Economic Interests: how people make their money
Part FourCertain professions Require extensive training and specialization
Medicine, law, teaching Examples
AMA: American Medical Association Doctors
ABA: American Bar Association Lawyers
NEA: National Education Association Teachers
True impact Why would these organizations have influence
upon public policies disproportionate to their size?
Groups based on Economic Interests: how people make their money
Part Five Promote Causes Welfare of Certain Groups
American Legion: vets (police action) Veterans of Foreign Wars: Vets NAACP: National Association for the Advancement
of Colored People Religious organizations
NCC: National Council of Churches protestants
ADL: Anti-Defamation League Jews
Public Interest Groups Unlike other groups focus on benefiting all
Americans Public Good, health
It is that time again….
ObjectivesAs you read pages 249-254 answer the
following questionsExplain the three major goals that Interests
Groups have in influencing public opinion.Describe how interest groups use
propaganda to persuade people to their point of view.
Analyze how interest groups try to influence political parties and elections.
Examine how lobbying brings group pressures to bear on the process of making public policy.
Group Work Casey, Kyle and Ryckewaert, Rickallen Chang Fatt, Amanda and Bonhomme, Stanley Cintron, Melanie and Cordero, Briana Cuevas, Rachel and Urrutia, Mayori Dundov, Nikolas and Vega-Ramirez, Alicia Elias, Anthony and Smith, Kyle Fernandez, Alexis and Greenberg, Kelsey Hughes, Jonathan and Candelaria, Jose Jean Pierre, Shirley and Kitt, Nicklette Johnson, Jelincie and Masten, Lequan Luciano, Angela and Rivera, Jordan Monaco, Sabrina and Ramkalawan, Rishi Mondestin, Velande and Speid, Stephen Shelton, Aaron and Murphy, Dustyn St Fort, Melinda and Holyfield, Frederick Maharaj, Joey and Mr. Frank
Each group will create a presentation on the following four points, two per student
Key Point: focus on the rubric that I provide you
Explain the three major goals that Interests Groups have in influencing public opinion.
Describe how interest groups use propaganda to persuade people to their point of view.
Analyze how interest groups try to influence political parties and elections.
Examine how lobbying brings group pressures to bear on the process of making public policy.