Chapter 9

Elements & the Periodic Table

In the periodic table, the most reactive metals are found

In G

roup 1, t

he first co

lu..

In Perio

d 1, the first

row...

In G

roups 1

3-16 in th

e c...

In perio

ds 6& 7 at t

he ...

85%

0%8%8%

1. In Group 1, the first column on the left

2. In Period 1, the first row across the top

3. In Groups 13-16 in the center

4. In periods 6& 7 at the bottom

Which of these statements about a column of the periodic table is true?

The elements have

simil..

The elements have

a wid...

The elements have

the ...

The elements have

the ...

67%

17%

0%

17%

1. The elements have similar characteristics.

2. The elements have a wide range of characteristics.

3. The elements have the same atomic number.

4. The elements have the same atomic mass.

At room temperature, more than half of the nonmetal elements are

Alloys

.

Gase

s

Liquids.

Solid

s.

0%

15%15%

69%1. Alloys.2. Gases3. Liquids.4. Solids.

The elements that do not ordinarily form compounds are

elements in th

e carb

on ... m

etals.

halogens.

noble gases.

15%

31%

38%

15%

1. elements in the carbon family.

2. metals.3. halogens.4. noble gases.

In general, which of the following statements about metals is true?

Metals

need to be st

ored...

Metals

are m

alleable, d

uc...

Metals

are high

ly re

acti..

Metals

do not react

wit...

7%0%

21%

71%1. Metals need to be

stored in sealed containers for safety.

2. Metals are malleable, ductile and can carry electric current.

3. Metals are highly reactive substances.

4. Metals do not react with oxygen.

From an element’s location in the periodic table, you can predict

its pro

perties.

its ch

emical n

ame.

its ch

emical s

ymbol.

when it

was disc

overe

d.

100%

0%0%0%

1. its properties.2. its chemical name.3. its chemical symbol.4. when it was

discovered.

The atomic number of an element is based on the

mass

of its n

ucleus.

number of e

lectrons a

r...

number of p

roto

ns in its

...

number of n

eutrons i

n i..

7%0%

93%

0%

1. mass of its nucleus.2. number of electrons

around its core.3. number of protons

in its nucleus.4. number of neutrons

in its nucleus.

Mendeleev created the first periodic table by arranging elements in order of

decreasin

g atomic

mass.

incre

asing at

omic mass.

incre

asing at

omic number.

incre

asing m

elting point..

.

7% 7%13%

73%1. decreasing atomic mass.

2. increasing atomic mass.

3. increasing atomic number.

4. increasing melting points and densities.

Alkali metals are so reactive they are

synth

etically

made in

la...

found co

mbined with

oth..

found in

igneous r

ocks.

bonded to noble gase

s.

7%

20%

0%

73%1. synthetically made in laboratories.

2. found combined with other elements.

3. found in igneous rocks.

4. bonded to noble gases.

The two rows at the bottom of the periodic table are called the

lanth

anides and haloge

ns.

actinides a

nd transu

ran...

transiti

on metal

s and tr

...

lanth

anides and acti

nides.

7%

73%

13%7%

1. lanthanides and halogens.

2. actinides and transuraniums.

3. transition metals and transuraniums.

4. lanthanides and actinides.

Fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine are part of a family called

noble gases.

metallo

ids.

halogens.

alkali metals.

43%

0%

43%

14%

1. noble gases.2. metalloids.3. halogens.4. alkali metals.

Which group of elements have some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals?

noble gases

metallo

ids

halogens

transiti

on metal

s

0%

14%7%

79%1. noble gases2. metalloids3. halogens4. transition metals

Which particles in atoms have a negative charge?

electrons

proto

ns

neutrons

nuclei

67%

8%

25%

0%

1. electrons2. protons3. neutrons4. nuclei

Which parts of the atom move around outside of the nucleus?

atomic

mass units

electrons

proto

ns

neutrons

0%

21%

43%

36%

1. atomic mass units2. electrons3. protons4. neutrons

The elements in a row of the periodic table

are in th

e same fa

mily.

have the sa

me or nearly

...

have the sa

me average...

have properti

es that c

h...

36%

0%

50%

14%

1. are in the same family.

2. have the same or nearly the same properties.

3. have the same average atomic mass.

4. have properties that change in a pattern.

In an atom, the number of protons equals the number of

nuclei.

electrons.

neutrons.

isoto

pes.

0%

13%

40%

47%1. nuclei.2. electrons.3. neutrons.4. isotopes.

A material is said to be ductile if it

can be pulle

d out, or d

...

can be hammere

d or roll..

can tr

ansfer h

eat or e

lect...

is a

mixture of a

metal w

...

80%

0%

13%7%

1. can be pulled out, or drawn, into a long wire.

2. can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets and other shapes.

3. can transfer heat or electricity to another material.

4. is a mixture of a metal with at least one other element.

Which group contains the most elements?

metallo

ids

nonmetals

metals

transiti

on elements

6%

31%

56%

6%

1. metalloids2. nonmetals3. metals4. transition elements

A material can be considered malleable if

1. It is

shiny or s

parkly

2. It ca

n transfe

r heat o

r ...

3. It is

a mixtu

re of a

met..

4. It ca

n be hammered o...

6%

81%

6%6%

1. It is shiny or sparkly2. It can transfer heat or

electricity to another material.

3. It is a mixture of a metal with at least one other element.

4. It can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets and other shapes.

The modern periodic table is organized according to

Atomic

mass

Number o

f neutro

ns

Type of is

otope

Atomic

number

20%

67%

0%

13%

1. Atomic mass2. Number of neutrons3. Type of isotope4. Atomic number

Nonmetals are found on the ___ side of the periodic table and are _______

Left, s

oft and shiny

Right, h

ard and dense

Middle, s

emiconducto

rs...

Right, b

rittle and dull

Bottom, synth

etic and ...

0%

14%

0%

86%

0%

1. Left, soft and shiny2. Right, hard and dense3. Middle, semiconductors

and dull4. Right, brittle and dull5. Bottom, synthetic and

dense

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons are called

Transuranium elements

Transition m

etals

Metallo

ids

Molecu

les

Compounds

Isoto

pes

20%

7%

33%

13%

27%

0%

1. Transuranium elements2. Transition metals3. Metalloids4. Molecules5. Compounds6. Isotopes

Two chemical properties of metals are

Electr

ical c

onductivit

y a..

Corrosio

n and luste

r

Malle

ability and ducti

lity

Reactivit

y and co

rrosio

n

20%

60%

13%7%

1. Electrical conductivity and reactivity

2. Corrosion and luster3. Malleability and ductility4. Reactivity and corrosion

Most metals are in a ______ state at room temperature

Gase

ous

Liquid

Solid

Isoto

pic

corro

sive

38%

8%

0%

8%

46%1. Gaseous2. Liquid3. Solid4. Isotopic5. corrosive

Deterioration that occurs because of being in an environment is called

Corrosio

n

Reactivit

y

Brittleness

Electr

ical c

onductivit

y

Thermal c

onductivit

y

93%

7%0%0%0%

1. Corrosion2. Reactivity3. Brittleness4. Electrical conductivity5. Thermal conductivity

Most of the elements that touch a zigzag line in the periodic table belong to the

Transuranium elements

Nonmeta

ls

Metals

Transition m

etals

Halogens

Metallo

ids

Noble gas

es

13% 13%

0% 0%

60%

7%7%

1. Transuranium elements2. Nonmetals3. Metals4. Transition metals5. Halogens6. Metalloids7. Noble gases

Which nonmetal has properties so unlike the other non-metals that it is in its own family and place on the periodic table?

Nitr

ogen

Oxyg

en

Selenium

Hyd

rogen

Chlorine

20%

0%7%

73%

0%

1. Nitrogen2. Oxygen3. Selenium4. Hydrogen5. Chlorine

All elements that have a higher atomic number than 95 are called

Transition elements

Transuranium elements

Metallo

ids

Lanth

anides

Mixe

d group m

etals

0%

57%

21%14%

7%

1. Transition elements2. Transuranium elements3. Metalloids4. Lanthanides5. Mixed group metals

Which is correct?

Rows are

groups,

column...

Rows are

familie

s, co

lum..

Rows are

familie

s, co

lum..

Rows are

periods,

colum..

21%

36%

7%

36%

1. Rows are groups, columns are families

2. Rows are families, columns are periods

3. Rows are families, columns are groups

4. Rows are periods, columns are families

Which is not true about neutrons?

They are fo

und in th

e n...

They have a negative ch

...

They make up th

e mass

..

They can vary in

atoms o

...

7% 7%7%

80%1. They are found in the nucleus

2. They have a negative charge

3. They make up the mass of the atom with the protons

4. They can vary in atoms of the same elements

Challenge: Can you name the first 10 elements in the periodic table in

order?