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Chapter 8: Political Parties
Chapter 8: Political Parties
Objectives:• Explain essential characteristics of political
system of the United States, including the organization and function of political parties and the process of selecting political leaders.
Essential Question:• How do citizens, both individually and
collectively, influence government policy?
Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties
Vocabulary:1. Political party2. Two-party system3. Stress4. Promote 5. Third party6. Platform
• Link Video: Electing the President: Media and the Presidency
Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties
Party Position on Issues
As you read p. 248-253 complete the graphic organizer to identify the major political parties in the U.S. and their position on a number of issues.
Political Parties are organizations of individuals with broad common
interests
Two-Party System government that has two major political parties
The US is considered a two-party system because they have won most of the elections
to government offices.
Alexander Hamilton, leader of the Federalist Party, believed in a strong
national government.
Thomas Jefferson, leader of the Democratic-Republican Party, believed that strong state governments would protect individual rights better than a strong national government because states are closer to the citizens.
favored limited powers for the national government
Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties
• Federalist party lost support and faded away.• By 1828 Democratic-Republican Party split-
Democratic Party supported JacksonNational Republican opposed Jackson
Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties
• Whig Party tried to win support by proposing internal improvements – road and canals
• Avoided controversial issue of slavery.
Party created in 1854 by people who were opposed to slavery, breakaway group of
Democrats and Whigs
Abraham Lincoln first Republican ever elected President
Ross Perot led the Reform Party in the 1990s
Third Parties smaller, minor parties, never won a
presidential election
Third Parties• Populist Party in the 1890s called for Senators
to be elected by voters. They also favored an 8 hour work day. Wanted voters to have a more direct role in government
Third Parties
• Ralph Nader run as the presidential candidate of the Green Party, which wants policies that favor the environment.
Single-Issue Party--Prohibition Party—ban the sale of alcohol
Third Parties
Third Parties
• Communist Party USA—believed that the government or workers should own all resources and businesses.
Most Democracies have more than two political parties.
DemocraciesMany democracies have multi-party systems. Canada has a 3 party system.
Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties
• France has more than eight
• Isreal has more than twenty.
One-Party Systems China has only one party—the communist
party. Elections arefor show. One party systems are not
democratic.
Democratic Party favor government support of housing, income, eduction and jobs for
the poor.
Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties
• The Northeast region of the United States has traditionally supported the Democratic party that believes the government should be more involved in regulating the economy.
Republican Party favor less government regulation on
economy.
Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties
• Republican support is very strong in the South.
Platform series of statements describing a political party’s beliefs
and positions- Plank individual part of the platform
Chapter 8 Section 2
Political Parties Today
Chapter 8.2: Political Parties Today
Vocabulary:1. National committee2. Caucus3. Precinct4. adjacent5. Political machine6. Direct primary 7. Closed primary8. Open primary 9. Plurality10. majority
Chapter 8.2: Political Parties Today
• Link Video: Roosevelt Nominated to Fourth Term
• ..\..\..\Downloads\RooseveltNominatedforFourthTerm.mp4
Chapter 8.2: Political Parties Today
• As you read p. 254-261 complete the graphic organizer to identify the roles of political parties.
Political Party Roles
A citizen does not need to belong to a political party in order to vote
in the United States.
Watchdog role of the party that is out of power; to check
action of party that is in power.
Congressional Campaign Committees help elect party members.
A certain number of qualified
voters must sign a petition to get a
third-party candidate’s name
on the ballot
Petition paper signed by voters
declaring support for a candidate; Any candidate may run for a
general election by submitting a
petition;
Party Supporter most likely to help make sure other party supporters
go to the polls on election day
Example Alabama
Open Primary voters do not need to declare
their party preference in order to vote for the party’s nominees
Plurality the most votes needed to win a primary election
Majority more than 50 percent of the total votes.
Example Florida
Closed Primary voters register with the party before a primary election, and vote in that party
they; prevents people from other parties from nominating a weak
candidate
example New York City’s Tammany Hall
Political Machines very strong local political organization, harmful for
the democratic process
Precinct Captain works at the local level to support a political party
State Political Committee focus on electing party candidates to state
position; the role of a party committee at the county level is to support party efforts at the local,
state, and national levels.
National Political Committee raise money for candidates; Presidential
National Convention delegates write a party’s platform
leads fund-raising efforts
Caucusmeeting of state and local party organizations, way some states choose presidential candidates
Chapter 9 Lesson 1
Bell RingerCopy questions and underline answers.
Chapter 9.1 Who Can Vote?
• Vocabulary 9.11. Principle 2. Suffrage3. Register4. Polling place5. Ballot6. Voter turnout rate7. apathy
Chapter 9.1 Who Can Vote?
• Video Link: Who Chooses to Vote and Why
Chapter 9.1 Who Can Vote?
• As you read p. 268-275 complete the flow chart on suffrage. Identify and explain who gaine the right to vote. Add additional boxes if necessary.
*Suffrage right to vote, Only white, male landowner were
allowed to vote in the early years of our nation reformers have fought to extend suffrage to
groups such as African Americans and women
*Fifteenth Amendment 1870 forbids denial of
right to vote based on race, many
Southern states passed laws to keep African
Americans from voting.
Nineteenth Amendment ratified in1920. Women first won the right to vote at the state
level. Alice Paul helped to draw attention to the issue of woman suffrage.
Twenty-third Amendment grants the residents of Washington, D.C. the right to
vote for president and vice president.
Twenty-fourth Amendment
prohibited the poll tax in national
elections.
Twenty-Sixth Amendment lowered the voting age to
18
Justice Department gained the right to sue to protect voting rights in certain
states with the Civil Rights Act of 1957.
Voting Rights Act
of 1965 outlawed literacy tests.
Congressional Act of 1924 citizenship for Native Americans
Chapter 9.1 Who Can Vote?
• As you read p. 272-275 create a chart that list the step in the voting process.1. Register to vote2. Become informed3. Cast a ballet
Registering first step in the voting
process, be able to
prove your age and
citizenship
National Voter Registration Act made it easier to register to vote.
Another name for the National Voter
Registration Act is the “Motor Voter” law
allowed drivers license to work for ID for Registering.
Precinct has one polling
place.
Absentee Ballot is a method of voting for
people who cannot go to the polls on Election Day In many states, people
who will be traveling on Election Day may vote by absentee ballot or early
voting.
Punch Card type of ballot.
Bilingual Ballots required by federal
law in certain areas of the
country.
President Lyndon B. Johnson called the right to vote
“the most powerful
instrument ever devised … for
breaking down injustice.”
Voter Turnout 52 out of 100 eligible people vote in an election, the voter turnout rate is 52
percent; One major reason people do
not vote is because they fail to register
Chapter 9.1 Who Can Vote?
Apathy: A lack of interest, about political participation and voting.
Bush v. Gore decided the outcome of the 2000 presidential election; Bush v. Gore, the
Supreme Court ordered the recounting of votes to stop.
Chapter 9.2: Elections and Campaigns
Chapter 9.2: Elections and Campaigns
• Vocabulary:1. Issue2. Initiative3. Referendum4. Recall 5. Electoral College6. Popular vote7. Winner-take-all system8. pursue9. Canvas10. Political action committee
Chapter 9.2: Elections and Campaigns
• Link Video: The Federal Government and the Electoral College
Chapter 9.2: Elections and Campaigns
• As you read p. 277-283 complete the table stating the purpose of different types of elections.
Types of ElectionsTypes of Elections Purpose
Electors cast electoral votes for
president and vice
president.