Chapter 8 lesson 1 Notes

Geography of Ancient Greece

I. Geography of Greece A. Located on Europe

1. Greece is in southern Europe. 2. It is made up of a mainland and over 400

islands.3. The largest Greek island is Crete. 4. Another island is Rhodes.

a. Rhodes lies east of Crete, just off the coast of Turkey.

B. No great river flows through Greece.C. The landscape of Greece is rocky and hilly.

1. hills and mountains cover about 9 out of every 10 acres

1. people raise sheep and goats on the hilly and mountainous terrain

2. In eastern Greece there are a few fertile plains that are used for farming. Several of these plains are found on Attica.

4. The peninsula of Peloponnesus is a mountainous region ringedby a thin band of fertile soil.5. People raised crops and animals that were suited to the environment.6. Olives and grapes do well in rocky soil.

D. Greece could not produce the needed food surplus to support a growing population.E. Many in Greece turned to the sea to make a living and to get needed

food.F. Travel by land was difficult in Greece.G. Greece had many natural harbors.H. Sailing became important to the

Greeks.

Geography of Ancient GreeceI. Greek sailors traveled all over the

Mediterranean Sea to trade.1. The Mediterranean Sea became a highway for

trade.2. Using the Mediterranean Sea, the Greeks could

move their goods to any civilization in the Mediterranean World.

3. The most important Greek export was olive oil.a. It could be used for cooking, lotion, and lamp oilb. The Greeks traded olive oil for much needed

grain

Geography of Ancient Greece Review

1. How is Greece different than the other civilizations we’ve discussed so far?1. Answer- Greece did not develop along a river.

They weren’t able to produce the surplus of food needed, so they turned to the sea and traded. The landscape of Greece is rocky and hilly.

Geography of Ancient GreeceReview

2. Why was travel difficult in Greece?2. The rocky, hilly landscape made it difficult to move across.

Geography of Ancient GreeceAbout the Greeks and Phoenicians Greeks competed with the Phoenicians

in trade1. The Phoenicians became excellent sailors,

and traded all over the Mediterranean, including to Greece.

2. The Phoenicians got stronger and began to start colonies all over the Mediterranean: new cities in new places with Phoenician

people living in them.

Geography of Ancient Greece3. One of the most important of these colonies

was Carthage, in Africa. 4. The Phoenicians traded with the Greeks and

also with the Etruscans. 5. They learned the alphabet and taught it to

the Greeks. 6. In 539 BC the Phoenicians, like everybody

else in West Asia, were conquered by the Persians.

7. They became part of the Persian Empire, and the main part of the Persian navy.

Geography of Ancient Greece8. Because the Phoenicians had been

conquered, they could not run their colonies anymore, and so Carthage and the other Phoenician colonies became independent.

9. In 332 BC Alexander the Great attacked the main Phoenician capital, and the head of the Persian navy, Tyre.

10. After a long siege, he captured Tyre, and the Phoenicians became part of his empire.

Geography of Ancient Greece

Geography of Ancient Greece