Chapter 5: Settling the Southern Colonies

Section 5

Lord Baltimore Starts a Colony

George Calvert (Lord Baltimore)– Wanted a colony where people

could practice Catholicism– Died waiting for a land grant

(1632) Cecil Calvert (2nd Lord

Baltimore)– Granted a charter for Maryland– To bring people to the colony, he

gave settlers land for themselves, children and servants

St. Mary’s

1633, Lord Baltimore sends two ships to Maryland– Ark and Dove– 200 people

Protestants and Catholics

Bought land from the Native Americans– Traded axes and clothing

Built a fort, chapel and cabins in the settlement

Prosperity and Conflict

Landscape– Warm climate and good soil for

farming tobacco

– Waterways good for trade and food Potomac River Fish, oysters and crabs

Toleration Act– Guaranteed all Christians the right to

worship– Did not include other religious groups

(Jews)

The Two Carolinas

Given to eight English nobles by King Charles II

Colony grows slowly– Proprietors did not offer

land to less wealthy settlers

Only nobles– Swampy, humid climate

spread diseases Fever and Malaria

Northern and Southern Regions

Divided naturally– North

settled by Virginians looking for new farmland

Naval stores– Items used in shipbuilding

– South Settlers from West Indies and England

– Founded port city Charles Town Introduced indigo Enslaved Africans

– Worked on rice plantations– Tended cattle

Georgia, a Colony for the Poor

Proprietor, General James Oglethorpe– Wanted to help London’s poor people– 1000’s in debtors prison

Could not be released until they paid their debt, no way to earn $$$$$

– Gains a charter from King George II– Wanted to establish a colony where

the poor would get a 2nd chance– King wanted space between South

Carolina and the Spanish

A Slow Start

Georgia grows slowly– Debtors didn’t want to

come They were afraid they

would have to fight the Spanish army

Strict rules– No African slave labor

Once slave labor could be used, the colony began to grow and prosper