CHAPTER 5 - PERFECT TENSE

8/7/2019 CHAPTER 5 - PERFECT TENSE

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PRESENT PERFECT TENSELesson 5


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Present Perfect TensePresent Perfect Tense

The present perfect has a form :

Have + Past ParticipleHave + Past Participle

The present perfect is essentially a present tense, but it

also expresses the effect of past actions and activities

on the present.

The present perfect means before now.


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The present perfect does not express when an action

happened. If we say the exact time, we have to use the

past simple.

Example :

In my life, I have traveled to all seven continents.

I traveled around Africa in 1998. (past simple)


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The present perfect expresses an action that began in thepast and still continues. (unfinished past)

Example : Weve lived in the same house for 25 years.P

eters wo

rked as a teacher since 2000.

The present perfect is an experience that happened in sometime in ones life. The action is in the past and finished, butthe effects of the action are still felt. When the actionhappened is not important.

Example : Ive been to Thailand.(I still remember)

Shes written childrens stories.(in her writing career)


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The adverbs ever, never and before are common with thisuse.

Example : Have you ever been to Australia ?

Ive never tried bungee jumping.I havent tried sushi before.

The present perfect expresses a past action that has apresent result. The action is usually in the recent past.

Example : The taxi hasnt arrived yet.

(were still waiting for it)

What have you done to your bag.

(theres a hole)


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We often announce news in the present perfectbecause the speaker is emphasizing the event as apresent fact.

Example : Have you heard about his death ?Susis had her baby !

Ive ruined the project.

The adverbs yet,a

lrea

dy, and just are common withthis use.

Example : I havent done my homework yet.

Ive already done my assignment.

Shes just had some good news.


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Time ExpressionsTime Expressions

We use for with a period of time and since with a

point in time.

For

Two years

Since

1970

A month The end of class

A few minutes August

Half an hour 8 oclock

Ages January


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Positive SentencePositive SentencePr

esentP

erf

ect TensePr

esentP

erf

ect Tense

The present perfect simple uses the past participle verb.The regular verbs end in edand the irregular verbs havedifferent forms.

The positive in the present perfect uses have / has.have / has.

SUBJECTSUBJECT ++ HASHAS ++ PAST PARTICIPLE VERBPAST PARTICIPLE VERB(singular)

Example : He has worked in a factory.

She has sung that song.

It has swum across the sea.


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Positive SentencePositive SentencePresent Perfect TensePresent Perfect Tense

SUBJECTSUBJECT + HAVE ++ HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE VERBPAST PARTICIPLE VERB(plural)

Example : I have made a cake.

They have done their homework.

We have cooked dinner for tonight.


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Positive SentencePositive SentencePr

esentP

erf

ect TensePr

esentP

erf

ect TenseSubject +Have / Has +Verb 3

Example :

Sue has lived here for 5 years.

We have lived here for two months.

Subject Have / Has Past Participle (Verb 3)

He

Has

Regular Verb 3:

Verb + -ed

Irregular Verb 3:

Verb 1 Verb 2 Verb 3

SheIt

They

HaveWe

You

I


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Past Participle (Verb 3)Past Participle (Verb 3)


Be

Become

Begin

Bend

Bite

Blow

Break

BringBuild

Buy

Catch

Choose

Come


Cost

Cut

Do

Draw

Drink

Drive

Eat

FallFeed

Feel

Fight

Find

Fly


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Know

Lend

Leave

Lose

Make

Meet

Pay

PutRead

Ride

Ring

Run

Say


Forget

Get

Give

Go

Grow

Hang

Have

Hear

Hide

Hit

Hold

Hurt

Keep



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Take

Teach

Tear

Tell

Think

Throw

Understand

Wake upWear

Win

Write


See

Sell

Send

Shake

Shut

Sing

Sit

Sleep

Speak

Spend

Stand

Steal

Swim


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Exercise 1Exercise 1

Complete the sentence with the given verbs

1. (teach) Mr. Jackson is a teacher. He ___ ____ biology for twentyyears.

2. (know) I ___ ___ Mary Adams since I was a child.

3. (be) She ___ ___ a good friend for a long time.4. (live) My parents live in a suburb of Mexico City. They ___ ___ inthe same apartment for twenty five years.

5. (have) Janet and Sam ___ ___ their dog Fido for three years.6. (work) My Uncle ___ ___ at the automobile factory for seventeen

years.7. (be) We ___ ___ in class since nine oclock this morning.8. (own) Ken is a businessman. He sells car parts. He ___ ___ his own

business since 1994.9. (have) Mr. cooks hair started to turn gray when he was forty. He

___ ___ gray hair since he was forty years old.

10. (see) I ___ ___ several movies since I came to this city.


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Subject +Have / Has +Not +Verb 3

Example :

I havent lived here for a long time.

Ken hasnt lived here for a long time.

Negative SentenceNegative SentencePr

esentP

erf

ect TensePr

esentP

erf

ect Tense

Subject Have / Has Not Past Participle (Verb 3)

He

Has Hasnt

Regular Verb 3:

Verb + -ed

Irregular Verb 3:


She

It

They

Have HaventWe

YouI


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Negative

x I havent been to Bali

Yet

x I havent been to Bali yet

Never

x I have never been to Bali.

Negative SentenceNegative SentencePresent Perfect TensePresent Perfect Tense


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Exercise 2Exercise 2 complete the sentences with the given verb.

1. I ___ ___ (find) my book.

2. I ___ ___ ___ (be) to a rock concert.

3. Ann ___ ___ (eat) raw meat.4. They ___ ___ (watch) Spiderman.

5. Joe ___ ___ (write) a letter.

6. Alison ___ ___ (speak) to her mother.

7. The teachers ___ ___ (take) their bags.

8. Kitty my cat ___ ___ (have) any kittens.

9. We ___ ___ (go) to Bali.

10. You ___ ___ (tell) me your name.


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Spot the differencesSpot the differences Frank does the house work every Saturday morning. In picture A, Frank is

just starting to tidy up the kitchen. Picture B shows Frank still hard at workone hour later. What jobs has Frank done and what jobs hasnt he done yet in

picture B ?

Use these verbs :

Put away Empty

Hang up

Iron

Clean Vacuum

Sweep

Clear

Wash


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Question SentenceQuestion SentencePresent Perfect TensePresent Perfect Tense

The question of the present perfect can be formed with aquestion word.

QUESTIONWORD+HAVE / HAS+SUBJECT+ PAST PARTICIPLE VERBQUESTIONWORD+HAVE / HAS+SUBJECT+ PAST PARTICIPLE VERB

(Optional)

Example : When has he worked in a factory?

Where has she sung that song?

How has it swum across the sea?

When have I made a cake?

Where have they done their homework?

Have we cooked dinner for tonight?


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Have / Has +Subject +Verb 3

Example :

Has Ken lived here for a long time ?

Have you lived here for a long time ?


Have / Has Subject Verb 3

Has

She

Lived

He

It

Have

They

We

You

I


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Exercise 3Exercise 3 Find the mistake and correct it.

1. Have you see a whale ?

2. Have the phone rung ?

3. Have you be to America ?4. Have Ken gone to work today ?

5. Have Lisa take the rubbish out yet ?

6. Have they ever went to a baseball game ?

7. Has you know Olga since two months ?

8. Has Jim study for the exam ?

9. Has the children take a bath yet ?

10. Has Nina read the book ?


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Question

x Have you been to Bali ?

Ever

x Have you ever been to Bali ?



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Have you ever ?Have you ever ?

1. (be in Paris) -> Have you ever been to Paris ?

2. (have a pet)

3. (live in an apartment)

4. (touch an elephant)

5. (call on the phone)

6. (stay in an expensive hotel)

7. (watch )8. (see a dolphin)

9. (

10. (


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Example:

Where has she lived ?

Where have they lived ?

QWords Have / Has Subject Verb 3

Where

What

When

Why

How

Has

She

Lived

He

It

Have

They

We

You

I



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CHAPTER 5 - PERFECT TENSE