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© Cengage Learning 2015
Biology Concepts and Applications | 9e
Starr | Evers | Starr
© Cengage Learning 2015
Chapter 10
Control of Gene Expression
© Cengage Learning 2015
• Cloning: making an
identical copy of
something (asexual
reproduction)
• Reproductive
cloning: technology
that produces
genetically identical
individuals
Control of Gene Expression
© Cengage Learning 2015 Figure 8-14 p142
Reproductive
Cloning:
Somatic Cell
Nuclear Transfer
(SCNT)
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SCNT common practice in animal breeding
© Cengage Learning 2015
A Hero Dog’s Golden Clones
Search dog Trakr found final survivor
of WTC attack
© Cengage Learning 2015 Figure 10-1 p164
Prokaryotic control of gene
expression
Eukaryotic control of gene
expression
© Cengage Learning 2015
Gene Regulation in Prokaryotic Cells:
E. coli
© Cengage Learning 2015 Figure 10-8 p170
Transcription factor: Protein that influences transcription
by binding to DNA
Repressor: Shut off or slow down transcription
Operator: In prokaryotes, DNA binding site for repressor
© Cengage Learning 2015
Gene Regulation in Eukaryotic
Cells: Differentiation
© Cengage Learning 2015
All somatic cells possess a full set of
genetic code
Regeneration
(Cells are able to
de-differentiate
and then
regenerate new
individual)
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Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes
Activators:
Increase rate of
transcription
Enhancer:
Binding site for
activator
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Master Gene: products affect expression
of many other genes
• Homeotic gene: master gene that controls
formation of a body part
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Results of gene control in eukaryotes
• X chromosome Inactivation (and formation
of Barr bodies) in females
X chromosome inactivation creates the black and orange
patches on a calico cat
