Chapter 4: Cell Theory and Chapter 4: Cell Theory and Cell StudyCell Study

The origins of understanding the The origins of understanding the cellcell

a. a. All organisms are _______________________________All organisms are _______________________________..

Organisms can be either ____________, ___________, or Organisms can be either ____________, ___________, or

__________________________________

b. b. The cell is the _________________________________ of The cell is the _________________________________ of organisms.organisms.

_________________ happens within a cell _________________ happens within a cell

all cells carry on similar __________________________all cells carry on similar __________________________

c. c. Cells come from ___________________________Cells come from ___________________________..

Belief that life started as ___________________Belief that life started as ___________________

Cells ____________ over millions of years to become all theCells ____________ over millions of years to become all the

different forms of ______________.different forms of ______________.

A. The Cell TheoryA. The Cell Theory

1. __________________ 1. __________________

Scientists debate whether to consider them ___________ Scientists debate whether to consider them ___________

Viruses are __________ made of ___________ Viruses are __________ made of ___________

but they can ____________ and carry out _____________but they can ____________ and carry out _____________

inside a host cellinside a host cell

2. Where did the 1st cells come from?2. Where did the 1st cells come from? Theory of _______________________Theory of _______________________

B. Exceptions to the cell theoryB. Exceptions to the cell theory

________________________ – 1953 Prove Spontaneous Generation Simulated ______________ to find that _________________________ could be spontaneously formed from ___________________________

- Discovery of the ________________ allows scientists to first view cells. Before the discovery of cells people believe diseases caused by ___________________.

C. History of the Cell TheoryC. History of the Cell Theory

Cell Size and Scale

1. ____________________

English scientist in 1665

looked at ________ under the microscope

what he saw he called ___________

he really saw the ___________________.

2. __________________________ Dutch Scientist in 1674 discovered _________________ in

pond water also looked at ____________, sperm,

and other human cells but did nothing with it through high power simple microscopes.

3. ________________

English scientist in 1833

discovers and names the _____________

4. ___________________

German scientist in 1838

“all ______________ were composed of cells.”

5. ___________________ German scientist in 1839 “all ______________ were composed of cells.” Schleiden and Schwann are credited with publishing the _____________

6. __________________

French scientist 1824 – 1830

“the cell is the ____________

__________________________”

discovers the process of _________

7. _____________________

German scientist in 1858

“cells come from _______________”

D. EquipmentD. Equipment1. Parts of the Compound Light Microscope a. ____________ b. ___________________ c. ________________ d. __________________ e. __________________ f. Mirror / Illuminator, Body, Stage, Base

2. __________________ _____________________________________________

3. _______________ Resolution is the ability to ______________ between 2 different items

4. Measuring with the Microscope

a. __________ measure a cell with a __________ – not accurateb. Use units called __________ (um) 1 mm = 1000um

Measure field of viewField of view = 1.1mm1.1 mm =

1mm

1100um

1100um

How big is this one cell?

How many cells fit across?

Roughly – 10 You have to estimate the best you can

Divide the distance by your estimation of cells

1100um / 10cells = 110um / cell

5. Other Types of Microscopes a. ____________ - 1 lens = magnifying lens b. _____________ - use both eyes, 3D image, used for micro-dissections c. _____________________ – extremely high magnification (100,000,000x) and resolution

6. ________________ Centrifuges separate materials based on density by spinning very rapidly

7. __________________ Tissue culture is the growth of cells in the lab