CHAPTER 32: ELECTROSTATICS

Examples of Electrostatics in the world are:

A doorknob shockStatic in the dryerYour hair standing up when combed

What is electrostatics? (644)

Electricity at rest

Involves electrical charges, the forces between them, and their behavior in materials

What is a charge? (645) Mutual attractions or repulsions between

electrons or protons is called charge.

Charges can be negative (-) or positive (+)

How are the following particles charged?

Protons= positively charged

Neutrons= no charge, not repelled or attracted to other particles

Electrons= negatively charged

Like charges repelOpposite charges attract

(645-646)

Draw a picture to represent the saying above.

What is the conservation of charge? (647)

Law of conservation: the principle that electric charge can neither be created nor destroyed. The net quantity of electric charge, the amount of positive charge minus the amount of negative charge in the universe, is always conserved.

The first written statement of the principle was by American scientist and statesman Benjamin Franklin in 1747.

Define conductor. (651)

Material in which an electrical charge can flow

Examples: copper, metal, your body, water

Define insulator. (651)

Poor conductor for electricity

Examples: rubber, glass, cotton

What are 2 ways electric charge can be transferred? (652)

Friction- rub hands together Contact- touch another person or an

object

What is induction? (653)

Charging of an object without direct contact

Define grounding. (654)

When we allow charges to move off (or onto) a conductor by touching it

Why and how do we ground the electricity in our house?

When is an object electrically polarized? (655)

One side of the atom or molecule is induced to be slightly more positive (or negative) than the opposite side

Example: Balloon and hair--- rub a balloon on hair for

static Neg (-) pos (+)