Chapter 3-Quantity Compare2doc

8/13/2019 Chapter 3-Quantity Compare2doc

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ASSESSING THE QUANTITY AND

QUALITY OF URBAN PARKS IN

DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING

COUNTRY: Case Study i Y!"!#a$a %&a'a( )

&a"a*ta %Id!esia(

Keywords: Park, Comparison, Yokohama,

Jakarta

Mutiara

Sari

C#a'te* + It*!du,ti!

+-+

Resea*,# Ba,".*!ud

1 1

+-/

Resea*,# O01e,ti2es

+ / The general aim of this study is to identify the

quantity (type, distribution, and amount) and

assessing the quality of the urban parks in

Yokohama (Japan) and Jakarta (Indonesia)

The speifi ob!eti"es of this researh are

desribed belo#,

a$ To identify the quantity of e%isting parks

(type, distribution, and amount) for kno#ing

#hether the parks already suffiient to ser"e

loal people or not

b$ To e%amine the quality of usage, attahment

people, and ommunity partiipation for

analy&ing #hih is the e%istene of park is

already fulfilled the user demand or not

$ To look the possibility to add ommunity

garden into park planning for park

impro"ement and sol"ing the park issue today

d$ To take the lesson learned from other ountry

for impro"ing the quality of park planning in

the future

+-3

Resea*,# Out'ut

+-4

5et#!d!6!.y

+78 Resea*,# F*a$e9!*"s

C#a'te* / T#e!*eti,a6 F*a$e9!*"

/-+ Deii. U*0a Pa*"s ad Its Hist!*y

/-+-+- U*0a Pa*" Hist!*y

/-+-/- Deii. U*0a Pa*"s

/-/- T#e Va6ue ad Beeits ! Pa*"s

/-/-+- T#e T*aditi!a6 ad Cu**et Va6ue

/-/-/- T#e Beeits ! Pa*"s

/-3 Pa*" C6assii,ati! Syste$ %Quatity(

/-3-+- Pa*" C6assii,ati! Syste$

/-3-/- Gee*a6 Pa*";s C*ite*ia

/-4- U*0a Pa*" Issues T!day %Qua6ity(

C#a'te* 3 t#e C!$'a*is! ! U*0a Pa*"

Quatity i Y!"!#a$a ad &a"a*ta

3-+ Pa*" ad G*ee S'a,e Syste$ i &a'a

3-/ Pa*" ad G*ee S'a,e Syste$ i Id!esia

'reen open spae in Indonesia is desribed as

open spaes in #hih "arious plant gro# and

funtion as miro limate struture for athments

area and urban estheti$ The typology of 'S in

Indonesia an be seen as follo#

Source: Department of Public Work, 2004

*arks, flo#er garden and sports area are the main

e%ample of ulti"ated 'S and then an be

onsidered as urban park e"en tough is not

defined learly on any regulation in Indonesia$ In

the le"el of national go"ernment, 'S is

regulated in +t no$ - Year ../ about Spatial

*lanning +rrangement and under !urisdition of

Ministry of 0onstrution$

+lso ased in +t 2o$- Year ../ required that

'S P#ysi,a66y Fu,ti! St*u,tu*e O9e*

0onser"ation

'S

3ologially 3ologi

*attern

*ubli

'SSoial4

0ultural

0ulti"ated

'S

+rhitetural *lano

logi

*attern

*ri"ate

'S3onomi

1


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Home

Village area

K.S

Villagespark

District

park

E.S

E.S

Sub district park

Sub

districtarea

P.S

Satellite

city

H.S,Dipl

omaU

niv.C

itys

park

Urban rea!"etropolis

University

"etr

opo

lispark

Home

Village area

K.S

Villagespark

District

park

E.S

E.S

Sub district park

Sub

districtarea

P.S

Satellite

city

H.S,Dipl

omaU

niv.C

itys

park

Urban rea!"etropolis

University

"etr

opo

lispark

5.6 of urban area must be pro"ided into 'S

(.6 publi, 1.6 pri"ate)$ In #hih .6 is

pro"ided by 0ities78istrit 'o"ernment and the

rest is pro"ided by pri"ate setor and ommunities$

5.6 of 'S is based from the pro"ision on the

onferene in 9io de Janeiro at 1::$ y this

regulation, as the order to loal authority to

pro"ide, arrange, maintain their green area and

push them to ahie"e the standard of green area in

the ity (5.6)$

3-+-/ U*0a Pa*" De2e6!'$et i &a'a

3-/-+ U*0a Pa*" De2e6!'$et i Id!esia

Indonesia;s planning system is deentrali&ation,

but the spatial plan regulation in Indonesia still

applies entrali&ation in #hih the lo#er tier of

spatial plan (D 3ast

>

8e"eloped +rea 55$-A E1$:

A

A$

/-

-1$.

A

The hange of greenery in Jakarta

ased on those tables abo"e, the ondition of

urban green spae (e%$ Forest and paddy field)

ha"e been dereased$ ut urban de"eloped areas

are inreased dramatially in harmony #ith the

Fig$1 *ubli 'S on urban spatial planning inIndonesia, 8ept$ *ubli =ork

Source:rustam2000.files.wordpress.com

!"#$!%#

!"#$!%#

!%#$200#

!%#$200#

2000$200

2000$200
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lintang_Selatanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lintang_Selatanhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lintang_Selatan


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gro#th of population beause of urbani&ation$

This is also strengthened by 2ana Su#argana 11,

'S in Jakarta has dereased 1A:6 (,/AA$5 ha)

and no# only :6 or --$A1 ha and urban area has

inreased 1/$/6 to beome E-,A: ha$ For the

omparison, belo# the figure of Jakarta ity in

1:>5 and ..

3-+-4 Pa*" P6ai. Syste$

7 Ty'e Stada*d +ording to loal spatial

plan of Jakarta, turban green spae is di"ided into

types, there are 0onser"ation green and

ulti"ated green$ +nd the differenes an be seen

belo#

C!se*2ati! G*ee Cu6ti2ated G*ee

1$ 2ature

o

ns

er

"

at

io

n

(terrestrial, small

island)

$ *reser"ed Forest

5$ Tourism Forest

1$ *ubli Failities

(Grban forest, ity park,

rereation park, sport park)

$ 0emetery

5$ uffer 'reen

(?igh "oltage line, 9oadside

green#ay, 9i"er H #ater

bodies, speifi)

E$ Island greenery

A$ Grban +griulture

(*lant nursery, *addy rie field,


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inside *ubli =orks ser"ie (muniipality;s

le"el)1E$

7 Data ad 5!it!*i. an;t be ignored that the

o"erlapping management of 'S leads to the

diffiulty in inspetion and monitoring$ Se"eral

green spaes #ere loss and had on"erted as

building onstrution$ +lso there is no

reapitulation data or information enter that able

to monitor the ondition of 'S in Jakarta$

3-3 T#e C!$'a*is! ! Pa*" P6ai. Syste$

0et9ee Y!"!#a$a ad &a"a*ta

+- G*ee S'a,e C!diti!

7

Y!"!#a$a: 3%periened the deline both in

quantity and quality but no# onsidered the

total of 'S is 51$/6 (publi H pri"ate)

#hih is still ideal number in big ity$

7

&a"a*ta: 8eline both in quantity and quality$

+s Fraillia (../) finding using


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ommonly pro"ided by the 'o"ernment of

Yokohama$ ut 2ational 'o"ernment also

assisted the loal go"t$ to establish the parks

#ith subsidi&e$ 2o#adays, the funding also

ome from publi orporation and "olunteer

ati"ities (management)

7

&a"a*ta: The funding for de"eloping and

managing urban parks ommonly pro"ided

by


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e%ploration of soiodemographi differenes$ *eople, *laes,

and *arks

-) More, T$ +$ (1::.) Fators affeting the

produti"ity of urban parks$ 8ept$ of +griulture, Forest

Ser"ie, 2ortheastern Forest 3%periment Station$ G$S

/) *arks and 9ereational 'reen Spae +dministration

in Japan$ (1::E)$ *arks and pen Spae +ssoiation of Japan

>) *hillips, 3$ (1::A) *arks 8esign and management$

M'ra#4?ill$ 2e# York

:) 9abare, S$ (..:) The role of urban parks H soio

eonomi de"elopment 0ase study of kisumu @enya$

1.) =alker, 0$ (..E)$ The publi "alue of urban parks$

The Grban

11) Su#argana 2$, and Susanto$ (..) The 8etetion

of 'reen pen Spae #ith 'IS Tehnique (0ase

StudyJakarta 0ity)$


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Chapter 3-Quantity Compare2doc