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Connective Tissue Function: - Binds structures together - Provides support & protection - Fills spaces - Produces blood cells - Stores fat For energy, insulation, organ protection
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Connective Tissue
Chapter 3Human Anatomy & Physiology
Connective Tissue
Function:- Binds structures together- Provides support & protection- Fills spaces- Produces blood cells- Stores fat
For energy, insulation, organ protection
Structure:- Tissue cells are widely separated by extracellular matrix- Can be solid, semisolid, or liquid
Matrix of connective tissue determine its properties and functions.
Fibers of the Matrix
White fibers – contain collagen which gives the fibers flexibility and strength
Yellow fibers – contain elastin more elastic than collagen but not as strong
Reticular fibers – thin, highly branched collagenous fibers that provide support
1. Fibrous Connective Tissue
Loose (areolar) connective tissueAdipose (fats)
Dense connective tissue Regular irregular
Reticular connective tissue
A. Loose (areolar) Connective Tissue Lies between other
tissues or between organs binding them
Cells made of fibroblasts – large, star-shaped cells
Contains many white fibers (strong and flexible) and yellow fibers (very elastic)
Adipose tissue is a type of loose connective tissue- stores fats, provides insulation- found beneath skin, around kidney & heart, breast
B. Dense Connective TissueRegular
Consists of parallel bundles of collagenous fibers
Found in tendons & ligaments
Binds organs together
Irregular Bundles run in
different direction Found in inner portion
of skin
Dense Regular Dense Irregular
C. Reticular Connective Has reticular cells and
reticular fibers Also called lymphatic
tissue Found in lymph nodes,
spleen, thymus, and red bone marrow
Store and produce white blood cells
Part of immune system
2. Cartilage The cell
(chondrocytes) lies in small chambers called lacunae
Matrix is solid yet flexible
Lacks direct blood supply, as a result, it heals slowly
3 types - Hyaline cartilage - Elastic cartilage - Fibrocartilage
A. Hyaline Cartilage Most common Matrix contains fine collagenous fibers
Glassy, white, opaque Found in the nose, ends of the long bones
and ribs, rings in the trachea
B. Elastic Cartilage Contains elastic and
collagenous fibers Found in the outer
ear
C. Fibrocartilage Matrix contains
strong collagenous fibers
Function: absorbs shocks and reduces friction between joints
Found in the pads between the vertebrae and knee joints
3. Bones Most rigid of the connective tissues Minerals and protein fibers gives bone
rigidity, elasticity and strength Two types:
Compact boneSpongy bone
A. Compact Bone Found in the outer portion of long bones Consists of many cylindrical-shaped units
called osteon
B. Spongy Bone Found on ends of long bone Contains bony bars and plates called trabeculae separated by irregular spaces
Blood cells are made within the red marrow found in the spongy bone
4. Blood Connective tissue composed
of cells suspended in liquid matrix called plasma
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) – carries oxygen
White blood cells (leukocytes) – fights infection
Platelets – fragment of giant cells found in bone marrow