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Chapter 3
Energy and Matter in Ecosystems
adaptation – an inherited trait or characteristic that helps an organism
survive
endangered species – a species, or kind of organism, close to becoming extinct
extinction – the death of a species
American Lion
Labrador Ducks
Passenger PigeonCuban Red Macaw
habitat – the natural environment where an organism lives
niche – the role of an organism in its habitat
pollution – harmful substances that have been added to the environment
population – all the members of the same type of organism living in an ecosystem
predator – an animal that hunts and eats other animals
prey – an animal that is hunted and eaten by predators
symbiosis – a close, long-lasting relationship between two species
Oxpeckers eat the parasites off of large animals like this African buffalo. But they're also parasites themselves, keeping wounds open and picking at scabs.
mutualism- when both organisms benefit, but none are harmed
The clownfish benefits from the anemone’s protection. Many fish won’t go near it because of the anemone’s sting. That means the clownfish won’t be eaten. The anemone benefits because the clownfish scares away butterfly fish. They are some of the fish that actually eat anemones .Without the clownfish there, the butterfly fish would eat the anemone.
Parasitism- one organism benefits and the other one is harmed
With ticks and head lice, the host animal can be harmed from disease or weakened.
Commensalism- only one organism benefits, but the other is not affected
This is a cattle egret. They will follow cattle and other livestock. As cattle, horses, and other livestock graze on the field, they cause movements that stir up various insects. As the insects are stirred up, the cattle egrets following the livestock catch and feed upon them. The egrets benefit from this relationship because the livestock have helped them find their meals, while the livestock are typically unaffected by it.
threatened species – a species that may become endangered without protection
Which word means all the members of the same type of organism living in an
ecosystem?
population
Quiz Time!adaptation, endangered species, extinction,
habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species
Quiz Time!
Which word means a species that may become endangered without protection?
threatened species
adaptation, endangered species, extinction, habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator,
prey, symbiosis, threatened species
Quiz Time!adaptation, endangered species, extinction,
habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species
Which word means an inherited trait or characteristic that helps an organism
survive?
adaptation
Quiz Time!adaptation, endangered species, extinction,
habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species
Which word means a close, long-lasting relationship between two species?
symbiosis
Quiz Time!adaptation, endangered species, extinction,
habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species
Which word means a species, or kind of organism, close to becoming extinct?
endangered species
Quiz Time!adaptation, endangered species, extinction,
habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species
Which word means an animal that is hunted and eaten by predators?
prey
Quiz Time!adaptation, endangered species, extinction,
habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species
Which word means the death of a species?
extinction
Quiz Time!adaptation, endangered species, extinction,
habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species
Which word means the natural environment where an organism lives?
habitat
Quiz Time!adaptation, endangered species, extinction,
habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species
Which word means an animal that hunts and eats other animals?
predator
Quiz Time!adaptation, endangered species, extinction,
habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species
Which word means the role of an organism in its environment?
niche
Quiz Time!adaptation, endangered species, extinction,
habitat, niche, pollution, population, predator, prey, symbiosis, threatened species
Which word means harmful substances that have been added to the environment?
pollution