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College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Additional Information Additional Information about Verbsabout Verbs
College Writing SkillsCollege Writing Skills, 6E , 6E and and College College Writing Skills with ReadingsWriting Skills with Readings, 6E, 6E
John LanganJohn Langan
Chapter Twenty-Eight
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Additional Information about Verbs
Here are the three areas we’ll discuss in this section:
• Verb Tense
• Helping Verbs
• Verbals
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Verb Tense. . .
. . . tells you the time of the action.
Let’s start with the simple
• present,
• past, and
• future.
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Present Tense
The present tense tells you that something is happening now.
Example: Example:
Tom Tom countscounts the the sparrows.sparrows.
?
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Past Tense
The past tense tells you that something happened before.
Example:Example:
Sally Sally countedcounted the sparrows the sparrows yesterday.yesterday.
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Future Tense
The future tense tells you that something will happen later.
Example:Example:
Tom and Sally Tom and Sally will will countcount the sparrows the sparrows next weekend.next weekend.
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Verb Tense
We can be a little more specific about time time using these other tenses:
•Perfect Tense (Add a form of the Perfect Tense (Add a form of the verb “have”)verb “have”)
•Progressive Tense (Add a form of the Progressive Tense (Add a form of the verb “be”)verb “be”)
•Perfect Progressive Tense (Add both Perfect Progressive Tense (Add both the verbs “have” and “be.”)the verbs “have” and “be.”)
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Helping Verbs
Which brings us to the subject of
helping helping verbs.verbs.
There are three verbs that can both stand alone and help other verbs:
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Helping Verbs
Used AloneUsed Alone Used as Used as Helping VerbsHelping Verbs
I was busy. I was getting tired.
Mary has the floor. Mary has stepped in it.
He did a bad thing. He did love her.
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Helping Verbs
Let’s review for a minute:
I was getting tired.
Mary has stepped in it.
Analysis: verb “be” used as helper = Analysis: verb “be” used as helper = progressive, and past tense of verb “be” = progressive, and past tense of verb “be” = past progressive.past progressive.
Analysis: verb “have” used as helper Analysis: verb “have” used as helper = perfect, and present tense of verb = perfect, and present tense of verb “have” = present perfect.“have” = present perfect.
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Helping Verbs
There are also nine helping verbs called
that are always used together to help other verbs.
Let’s look at a chart:
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Helping Verbs
Can I can hope, can’t I?
Could I could eat more, I suppose.
May Roger may be detained.
Might You might regret that tattoo, Jerry.
Shall I shall see if there’s another room, sir.
Should John should get his head examined.
Will William will want to wander around a bit.
Would Glasses would help, I think.
Must You must take your feet off that rug, Marty.
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Verbals
Verbals are words formed from verbs.
There are three kinds:
• Infinitives• Participles• Gerunds
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Verbals
An is formed by adding the word “to” to the base form of the verb.
What is the infinitive of the verb “steal”?
Example:Example:
Jesse James loved Jesse James loved to stealto steal money money from bankers.from bankers.
“to” + “steal” =
“to steal”
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Verbals
A is a verb form used as an adjective.
The present participle ends in -ing.
The past participle ends in -ed or is irregular.
Example:Example:
LookingLooking over her over her tax returns, the tax returns, the weepingweeping accountant accountant tugged her tugged her bleachedbleached hair. hair.
College Writing Skills / CWS with Readings, 6E ©2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Chapter 28
Verbals
A is the -ing
form of a verb used as a noun.
Example: Example:
BowlingBowling is not a is not a sport, because sport, because you can smoke you can smoke while you’re while you’re doing it.doing it.
Let’s make a gerund out of the verb “bowl.”
“Bowl” + “ing” = “Bowling”
