Chapter 27 Study NotesChapter 27 Study Notes

Planets of the Solar SystemPlanets of the Solar System

Chapter 27 Section 1Chapter 27 Section 1

Formation of the Solar SystemFormation of the Solar System

11

A rotating cloud of gas and dust from A rotating cloud of gas and dust from which Earth’s solar system formed is which Earth’s solar system formed is called a solar ______.called a solar ______.nebula

22

About ____ of all matter contained in the About ____ of all matter contained in the solar nebula now exists in the sun.solar nebula now exists in the sun.

99%

33

Small bodies from which planets Small bodies from which planets originated during the early ________ of originated during the early ________ of the solar system are called the solar system are called ____________.____________.

formation

planetesimals

44

When the solar system formed, smaller When the solar system formed, smaller bodies joined together through collision bodies joined together through collision and the force of ______ to form larger and the force of ______ to form larger bodies called __________. bodies called __________.

gravityprotoplanets

55

Small bodies that orbit planets are called Small bodies that orbit planets are called ______. ______. moons

66

Young Earth formed a core, mantle, and Young Earth formed a core, mantle, and crust in a process called ___________.crust in a process called ___________.differentiation

77

Around the ____ of Earth is an iron- and Around the ____ of Earth is an iron- and magnesium-rich rock layer called the magnesium-rich rock layer called the ______. ______.

core

mantle

88

When early Earth’s atmosphere When early Earth’s atmosphere formed, ______ and hydrogen gases were formed, ______ and hydrogen gases were lost because Earth’s ______ was too lost because Earth’s ______ was too weak.weak.

heliumgravity

99

The early __________ developed when The early __________ developed when many volcanic eruptions released large many volcanic eruptions released large amounts of gases in a process called amounts of gases in a process called _________._________.

atmosphere

outgassing

1010

The early oceans became _____ when The early oceans became _____ when dissolved solids were carried from land dissolved solids were carried from land into the oceans. into the oceans.

salty

Chapter 27 Section 2Chapter 27 Section 2

Models of the Solar SystemModels of the Solar System

1111

Copernicus proposed a ___________ Copernicus proposed a ___________ model of the universe, in which the planets model of the universe, in which the planets revolve at different speeds around the sun.revolve at different speeds around the sun.

heliocentric

1212

Kepler’s ____ law states that planets orbit Kepler’s ____ law states that planets orbit the sun in paths called _______.the sun in paths called _______.ellipses

first

Chapter 27 Section 3Chapter 27 Section 3

The Inner PlanetsThe Inner Planets

1313

Impact _______ are caused by collisions Impact _______ are caused by collisions with _______ in space. with _______ in space.

cratersobjects

1414

The factors that contribute to Mercury’s The factors that contribute to Mercury’s daily temperature fluctuation of about daily temperature fluctuation of about 600°C are the planet’s slow _______ and 600°C are the planet’s slow _______ and it is the closest planet to the ____.it is the closest planet to the ____.

rotationsun

1515

Venus is a planet with a runaway Venus is a planet with a runaway ___________ effect.___________ effect.greenhouse

1616

The right combination of temperature, The right combination of temperature, ______, and oxygen supports ___ on ______, and oxygen supports ___ on Earth.Earth.water life

1717

_____ is the planet that has _______ like _____ is the planet that has _______ like Earth’s because its axis tilts at an almost Earth’s because its axis tilts at an almost identical angle. identical angle.

Mars seasons

1818

Mars’s volcanoes are _____ than those of Mars’s volcanoes are _____ than those of Earth because Mars has no moving Earth because Mars has no moving tectonic plates. tectonic plates.

larger

1919

_____ is a planet which has _______ _____ is a planet which has _______ regions that may still be active. regions that may still be active. Mars volcanic

Chapter 27 Section 4Chapter 27 Section 4

The Outer PlanetsThe Outer Planets

2020

The _______ belt can be found between The _______ belt can be found between the planets _____ and Jupiterthe planets _____ and Jupiter

asteroidMars

2121

Jupiter’s Great _____ Spot and ________ Jupiter’s Great _____ Spot and ________ Great Dark Spot are both raging ______.Great Dark Spot are both raging ______.

Red Neptune’sstorms

2222

The least ______ planet in the solar The least ______ planet in the solar system is _______. system is _______.

denseSaturn

2323

Neptune’s Great _____ ____ is a giant Neptune’s Great _____ ____ is a giant storm. storm.

Dark Spot

2424

A region of the solar system just _______ A region of the solar system just _______ Neptune’s orbit, which contains small Neptune’s orbit, which contains small bodies made mostly of ice, is called the bodies made mostly of ice, is called the ______ belt. ______ belt.

beyond

Kuiper

2525

_______ that circle stars other than _______ that circle stars other than Earth’s sun are called _________.Earth’s sun are called _________.Planets

exoplanet

THE ENDTHE END