Chapter 22: The Vietnam War Years

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•America’s involvement in Vietnam began in the 1950s

•USA Give French Massive economic and Military aid to fight communism

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• France’s attempt to reestablish rule in Vietnam after World War II

• From late 1800s until World War II France ruled most of Indochina (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia)

•Helped create Indochinese Communist Party

•Won Popular in North Vietnam support by breaking up large estates and redistributing land to the peasants

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• Japanese took control of Vietnam

• Ho Chi Minh helped create the Vietminh

• Goal was to win Vietnam’s independence from foreign rule

• 1945 Vietnam independent nation

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• In 1945 France controls south Vietnam

• President Truman pumps money into France’s war

• Ho Chi Minh one time ally of ours

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•Domino Theory – countries on the brink of communism were waiting to fall one after the other

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•At the battle of DIEN BIEN PHU – France now surrenders to the Vietminh

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• Geneva, Switzerland• Temporarily divided

Vietnam along the 17th Parallel

• North Vietnam = Ho Chi Minh and Communism

• South Vietnam = anticommunists

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• South Vietnam’s President

• Anticommunist• Country wide election

between Ngo Dinh Diem and Ho Chi Minh cancelled because Americans fear Ho Chi Minh would win

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• Corrupt government• Little or no land

distribution to peasants• He was Catholic • Restricted Buddhist

practices• Results in formation of

Vietcong

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• Communist group in South Vietnam

• Fought Diem Government

• Later called NLF – NATIONAL LIBERATION FRONT

• Ho Chi Minh supports the Vietcong

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•Path along borders of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia to supply arms to Vietcong

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• In response to accusations that the Democrats were soft on Communism…… HE

• Increased financial aid to Diem

• Sent thousands of military advisors to help train south Vietnamese troops

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Chapter 22: The Vietnam War Years