Chapter 2_1 form 3

8/12/2019 Chapter 2_1 form 3

1/11

Chapter 2 : Blood Circulation and

Transport

Important Concepts

2.1 Transport System in Humans

Quick Refresh

2.2 Human Blood

Quick Refresh

2.3 Transport System in PlantsQuick Refresh

Smart Review1

8/12/2019 Chapter 2_1 form 3

2/11

Important Concept

2

Blood Circulation and Transport

Human Plant

Heart

Blood circulatorysystem

Blood vessel Blood

XylemPhloemStomata

AuricleVentricle

ArteryVeinCapillary

PlasmaRed blood cellsWhite blood cellsPlatelets

Group AGroup BGroup OGroup AB

consists of

consists of

categorized to

Chapter 2 : Blood Circulation and Transport

8/12/2019 Chapter 2_1 form 3

3/11

Chapter

2.1 Transport System in Human

Circulatory system is the transport system in Humans The circulatory system is consist of the blood,

the vascular system and the heart

Vascular

system

Blood

Heart The heart is the muscular organ

that pumps the blood

Blood carries oxygen and nutrient

to the bodys cells Carried away or remove waste

material like carbon dioxide

This system is made up of arteries,

veins and capillariesArteries are blood vessels that

carry blood away from the heart

Veins are blood vessels that return

blood to the heart Capillaries are blood vessels that

connect arteries to veins


3

8/12/2019 Chapter 2_1 form 3

4/11

Chapter

2.1Transport System in Human

Structure of the heart and its function

Heart :

i) Is a muscular organ which positioned behind the ribcage and between lungs

ii) About the size of a clenched fist

iii) Divided into four chambers, the top two chambers are the atriums and the bottom two

chambers are the ventricles

A thick muscular wall, the septum, divides the left atrium and ventricle from the right

atrium and ventricle

Pulmonary vein

Left atrium

Left ventricle

Bicuspid valve

SeptumRight ventricle

Tricuspid valve

Right atrium

Vena cava

AortaPulmonary artery

Semi-lunar valve

4


8/12/2019 Chapter 2_1 form 3

5/11

Type of blood vessel Function

Chapter


Carries deoxygenated blood from the whole body

(except lungs) into right atrium

Vena cava

Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle

to the lungs

Pulmonary artery

Carries oxygenated blood from the lungs into left

atrium

Pulmonary vein

Carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to

other parts of body

Aorta

5

There are four types of blood vessel that connected to the heart

There are three types of valve in the heart, they are tricuspid valve, bicuspid valve and

semi-lunar valve

These valve ensured that the blood is flowing in only one way and preventing it fromflowing backward


8/12/2019 Chapter 2_1 form 3

6/11

Chapter


Blood circulation through the heart

through tricuspid valveinto the right ventricle

through the semi-lunar valve via the pulmonary arteryinto both lungs

to the left atrium via pulmonary veinas oxygenated blood

the left atriumthrough bicuspid valveinto the left ventricle

aortawhich carries the blood to the whole body

6

Vena cavaenters the right atrium


8/12/2019 Chapter 2_1 form 3

7/11

Chapter

2.1Transport System in Humans

Blood Circulation

Systemic

circulation

carbon dioxide (CO2)Lungs

O2CO2

nutrientswastes

Oxygen (O2)

Pulmonary

circulation

10

Humans have separated circulatory system which consists of pulmonary circulation and

systemic circulation which is interconnected


8/12/2019 Chapter 2_1 form 3

8/11

Chapter


11

COMPARISON BETWEEN OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED BLOOD.


Oxygen

Difference

Carbon dioxide

The concentration

of digested food

Waste products

Blood vessel

Blood colour

High concentration Low concentration

Low concentration High concentration

High Very low

Not present Present

Artery and pulmonary vein Vein and pulmonary artery

Dark redBright red

8/12/2019 Chapter 2_1 form 3

9/11

Chapter


12

Importance of a healthy heart

The heart is one of the most important organ in the human body, because it nonstop

pumping the blood

Without the continuous beating of the heart, life would stop

General strategies for maintaining a healthy heart include

A healthy diet

Exercise lowers blood pressure, controls blood lipids, and helps to keep diabetes

and obesity in control

Many different types of heart problems due to overbuild-up of cholesterol plaques,which blocks arteries that cause heart attack

Regular exercise

Continuous activity such as fast walking, jogging, swimming, bicycling and

jumping rope are great examples of exercises that increase endurance that

makes the heart work more efficiently No smoke

Smoker has twice the risk of heart attack than nonsmoker

Cigarette smoking greatly increase the risk for coronary heart disease

A poor diet, high in fats, can lead to serious heart problems


8/12/2019 Chapter 2_1 form 3

10/11

The heart, blood and blood vessels are three structural elements that

make up the circulatory system

Aorta is the largest artery in the body

Vena cava is the largest vein in the body

The valves are present in the heart and blood vessels to prevent the backflow of blood

The heart consists of four chamber, they are the left atrium, the left

ventricle, the right atrium and the right ventricle

The left ventricle is the strongest chamber because it pump blood to the

whole parts of the body except lungs

When the heart pumps blood ;

(a) the two ventricles work simultaneously

(b) the two atria work simultaneously

(c) the atria and ventricles work alternately

Q.R.

2.1 Quick Refresh

13


8/12/2019 Chapter 2_1 form 3

11/11

The blood vessels are part of the circulation system and function to

transport blood throughout the body

The role of the heart is to deliver the oxygen and nutrients to organs and

tissues throughout the body and carry away waste products

Q.R.

2.1 Quick Refresh

14


Documents

Chapter 2_1 form 3