Chapter 18Lesson 2: The Male Reproductive SystemLesson 3: The Female Reproductive System

Structure and Function of the Male Reproductive System2 Main Functions:1. Produce and store sperm; the reproductive cells.2. Transfer sperm to the female’s body during

sexual intercourse.

During the early teen years, the male reproductive system reaches maturity (p469). Testosterone, the male sex hormone,

is produced.

Testosterone initiates the physical changes that signal maturity.

The External Male Reproductive Organs Testes, also

called testicles. 2 small glands

that produce sperm.

Located in the scrotum; an external skin sac

Penis, a tube- shaped organ that extends from the trunk of the body just above the testes. Releases semen, a

think fluid containing sperm and other secretions from the system.

Caring for the System1. Get regular check ups.2. Shower or bathe daily.3. Wear protective equipment.4. Perform regular self-examinations.5. Practice abstinence.

Structure and Function of the Female Reproductive System Produces female sex hormones and

stores ova, reproductive cells. Uterus, a hollow, muscular, pear-

shaped organ inside a female’s body. It nourishes and protects the fertilized ovum from conception to birth.

Ovaries, the female sex glands that store the ova and produce female sex hormones

Structure/ Function Continued Fallopian tubes, lie next to each ovary

and draw in the ovum. Ovulation, the process of releasing a

mature ovum into the Fallopian tube each month.

Vagina, a muscular, elastic passageway that extends from the uterus to the outside of the body.

p. 474 Sperm from the male enter the female

reproductive system through the vagina. If sperm are present in the Fallopian

tube, a sperm may unite with an ovum, resulting in fertilization.

In a mature female, each month the uterus prepares for possible pregnancy. If the thickened lining of the uterus isn’t

needed, it breaks down into blood, tissue, and fluid.

These materials pass through the cervix, the opening to the uterus, and into the vagina.

This shedding of the uterine lining is called menstruation.

Problems Related to Menstruation

1. Menstrual cramps occur at the beginning of a menstrual period.

2. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is caused by hormonal changes.

3. Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare but serious bacterial infection.

Caring for the System1. Shower or bathe daily.2. Practice abstinence.3. Perform self-examinations monthly.