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Chapter 16: Applications of Neutralization Titrations
CHE 321: Quantitative Chemical AnalysisDr. Jerome Williams, Ph.D.
Saint Leo University
Overview
• Reagents for NeutralizationTitrations• Typical Applications Neutralization Titrations
Neutralization Titrations
• Neutralization titrations are widely used to determine concentration of analytes that are themselves acids or bases.
• Normally use water as solvent system; some cases require non-aqueous solvents due to solubility or other constraints.
Reagents for Neutralization Titrations
• Standard Acid Solutions are most easily prepared from stock concentrated solutions of strong acids (e.g., hydrochloric, perchloric, or sulfuric acids). They are stable indefinitely.
• Once prepared the acid solution must be standardized against a primary standard base like sodium carbonate, TRIS, sodium tetraborate decahydrate.
p384
Figure 16-2 p384
Reagents for Neutralization Titrations
• Standard Base Solutions are most easily prepared from stock concentrated solutions of strong bases (e.g., sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or barium hydroxide).
• Once prepared the base solution must be standardized against a primary standard acid like potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP), benzoic acid, potassium hydrogen iodate.
p387
Applications: Neutralization Titrations
• Elemental Analysis – Nitrogen analysis (Kjeldahl methods) – Sulfur analysis– Other Elements (see Table 16.1)
• Inorganic & Organic Substances – Review methodologies
Table 16-1 p390
Table 16-2 p391
Figure 16-3a p392
Figure 16-3b p392
Figure 16-3c p392
Figure 16-3d p392
Figure 16-3e p392
Suggested Problems
• HW Set 14: 16.2, 16.10, 16.14, 16.16 (a,b,c), 16.20, 16.21