Chapter 15Chapter 15 World War II – Introduction (Writing Assignment)World War II – Introduction (Writing Assignment)

The Rise of Dictators The Rise of Dictators – introduction to Hitler and Mussolini– introduction to Hitler and Mussolini

Hitler Founds the Nazi Party and Building the Third ReichHitler Founds the Nazi Party and Building the Third Reich

Cooperative Learning Activity – The Axis Tests Its StrengthCooperative Learning Activity – The Axis Tests Its Strength

NonneutralNonneutral Neutrality Neutrality__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

World War II Battle Brochure – Online Activity (no link)World War II Battle Brochure – Online Activity (no link)

““Every great movement on Every great movement on this globe owes its rise to the this globe owes its rise to the great speakers.”great speakers.”

Hitler MussoliniHitler Mussolini

Hitler has been making Hitler has been making speeches throughout the speeches throughout the 1930s. 1930s.

Adolf Hitler recognized the power of the spoken word. He had Adolf Hitler recognized the power of the spoken word. He had killed, he declared, from the highest motives – his love for the killed, he declared, from the highest motives – his love for the German People and the German State.German People and the German State.

After all, concentration camps had After all, concentration camps had already been established and already been established and murders were happenings. murders were happenings.

The first concentration camp opened in The first concentration camp opened in Dachau, Germany (near Munich) in Dachau, Germany (near Munich) in March 1933.March 1933.

Hitler’s bold justification of the Hitler’s bold justification of the murders swept millions of Germans murders swept millions of Germans off their feet and united them behind off their feet and united them behind his government. his government.

American President Franklin American President Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s foreign Delano Roosevelt’s foreign policy was most concentrated policy was most concentrated on the U.S. being “good on the U.S. being “good neighbors” to other countries neighbors” to other countries (not making war).(not making war).

This included This included NONINTERVENTIONNONINTERVENTION of other countries issues. of other countries issues.

Assignment: Read the handout on Adolf Assignment: Read the handout on Adolf Hitler’s early years. Upon completion of the Hitler’s early years. Upon completion of the reading, you will watch one of Adolf Hitler’s reading, you will watch one of Adolf Hitler’s early speeches to the German people.early speeches to the German people.

NOTE: As you read the article and watch the NOTE: As you read the article and watch the video, imagine you are struggling German video, imagine you are struggling German citizen looking for solutions.citizen looking for solutions.

Mussolini’s Rise in ItalyMussolini’s Rise in Italy

Italy after World War I faced:Italy after World War I faced:

- poverty- poverty- destruction- destruction- no jobs- no jobs- destroyed economy- destroyed economy- looking for answers- looking for answers

Even though Italy was Even though Italy was one of the Allies during one of the Allies during WWI (won the war), WWI (won the war), their economy was their economy was destroyed.destroyed.

There were no jobs. There were no jobs. Returning soldiers had Returning soldiers had no options. no options.

Benito Mussolini was one Benito Mussolini was one of of thesethese soldiers. He soldiers. He entered Italian politics and entered Italian politics and promised CHANGE.promised CHANGE.

He called himself He called himself Il DuceIl Duce which means “leader”.which means “leader”.

He challenged Italians He challenged Italians to join him in rebuilding to join him in rebuilding the economy and the economy and restoring Italy’s power restoring Italy’s power in the region.in the region.

He gained followers…after He gained followers…after all, people who are all, people who are desperate will follow desperate will follow anyone who claims to have anyone who claims to have a “plan”.a “plan”.

His political followers His political followers were known as were known as fascistsfascists. . FascistsFascists follow a political follow a political philosophy that preached philosophy that preached that the nation and race are that the nation and race are more important than more important than individuals.individuals.

FascistsFascists began winning began winning elections by frightening elections by frightening people into supporting people into supporting them.them.

Mussolini quickly Mussolini quickly became a totalitarian became a totalitarian dictator, completely dictator, completely controlling all aspects of controlling all aspects of human life.human life.

AssignmentAssignment

Compare/Contrast Venn Diagram Compare/Contrast Venn Diagram

Understanding Adolf Hitler and Benito Understanding Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini requires one to compare the Mussolini requires one to compare the similarities and differences between these similarities and differences between these two infamous political figures. Please two infamous political figures. Please review your notes and consider the video review your notes and consider the video clip(s) when completing the clip(s) when completing the compare/contrast.compare/contrast.

AssignmentAssignment

Hitler Founds the Nazi Party Hitler Founds the Nazi Party and and

Building the Third ReichBuilding the Third Reich

Reading Comprehension and 10% SummaryReading Comprehension and 10% Summary

Cooperative Learning ActivityCooperative Learning ActivityThe Axis Tests Its StrengthThe Axis Tests Its Strength

ExpectationsExpectations

1.1. Professional work environment – please stay on task and working in the best Professional work environment – please stay on task and working in the best interest of your groupinterest of your group

2.2. Your role is important! You will share your information with your classmates. Your role is important! You will share your information with your classmates. Make sure you understand your section well and have correct answers to key Make sure you understand your section well and have correct answers to key questions.questions.

3.3. You may be asked to share your topic with the entire class. Again, make sure You may be asked to share your topic with the entire class. Again, make sure you can clearly communicate your topic and explain its impact and/or you can clearly communicate your topic and explain its impact and/or significance on World War II. significance on World War II.

Nonneutral NeutralityNonneutral Neutrality

Hostility was spreading across Europe and Hostility was spreading across Europe and Asia.Asia.

Congress DID NOT want the U.S. to get Congress DID NOT want the U.S. to get involved.involved.

In 1936, Congress passed the Neutrality In 1936, Congress passed the Neutrality Acts.Acts.

These laws prohibited (outlawed) the sale of These laws prohibited (outlawed) the sale of weapons to warring nations and tried to weapons to warring nations and tried to keep American citizens from travelling on keep American citizens from travelling on ships belonging to warring nations.ships belonging to warring nations.

It also required warring nations to pay cash It also required warring nations to pay cash for nonmilitary goods they were buying for nonmilitary goods they were buying from the U.S. like cotton or wheat.from the U.S. like cotton or wheat.

FDR signed the Neutrality Acts although he FDR signed the Neutrality Acts although he didn’t really want to.didn’t really want to.

But most Americans DID NOT favor war But most Americans DID NOT favor war and he needed to keep his voters happy.and he needed to keep his voters happy.

But, at the same time, he asked Congress for a But, at the same time, he asked Congress for a $1.3 billion military budget.$1.3 billion military budget.

FDR described Mussolini and Hitler as “two FDR described Mussolini and Hitler as “two madmen” who respect “force and force alone”.madmen” who respect “force and force alone”.

He began building up the U.S. military though the He began building up the U.S. military though the U.S. was still officially “neutral”. U.S. was still officially “neutral”.