Chapter 14 Review

#1 What led to the flood of Irish immigrants entering the United States in the mid-1840s?

a. a potato blight in Ireland that led to starvation and diseaseb. the unsafe working conditions in Irish factoriesc. the Irish government’s ban on the practice of Catholicismd. a revolution in Ireland that had turned

violent and dangerous

a. a potato blight in Ireland that led to starvation and disease

#2 How was the development of the Know-Nothing Party in 1849 a reflection of the attitude of most Americans towards the wave of immigration?a. Americans believed that immigrants should live in the country for one year before being granted citizenship.b. Most Americans thought that immigrants had a positive effect on the economy and industry in America.c. Most Americans feared the effect of immigration on the jobs and culture of native-born Americans.d. Americans felt that immigrants were not educated enough to be involved in the political process.

c. Most Americans feared the effect of immigration on the jobs and culture of native-

born Americans.

#3 In 1848, the German people staged a revolution against their government. How did this revolution affect German immigration to the U.S. in the late 1840s?a. Germans came to the U.S. to try to gain support for the revolution taking place in their country.b. Many Germans came to the U.S. because the revolution left them starving.c. Germans came to the U.S. because their revolution did not bring about any changes to the government.d. Many Germans came to the U.S. to escape punishment for rising up against the government.

d. Many Germans came to the U.S. to escape punishment for rising up against the

government.

#4 The trend of immigrants residing in cities led to the growth of urban areas in the U.S. in the mid-1800s. What other trend contributed to the growth of American cities?

a. the growth of recreational activities in the U.S.b. the growth of the transportation revolution in the U.S.c. the decline in the quality of life in suburbs in the U.S.d. the decline of farming in the U.S.

b. the growth of the transportation revolution in the U.S.

#5 All of the following were problems faced by cities in the U.S. in the mid-1800s due to their rapid growth EXCEPT?a. the lack of safe, quality housingb. the lack of public health regulationsc. high crime ratesd. inadequate phone service

d. inadequate phone service

#6 Why did the populations of cities in the northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S. grow most rapidly during the mid-1800s?

a. Citizens in these regions tended to be more accepting of immigrants.b. More than half of the country’s manufacturing jobs were located in these regions.c. Immigrants entering the country had easy access to these regions.d. These regions had the most fertile land for farming and growing cash crops.

b. More than half of the country’s manufacturing jobs were located in these

regions

#7 Which of these best describes the conditions of American cities in the mid-1800s?

a. American cities were the safest places to live in the U.S. with professional police forces to help fight crimeb. American cities were bright, clean, with wide roads and advanced architecturec. American cities were well organized and provided various public services for its citizens.d. American cities were often noisy, overcrowded and lacked space for travel and markets to be set up

d. American cities were often noisy, overcrowded and lacked space for travel and

markets to be set up

#8 Many transcendentalists began to form “utopian communities” in the 19th century. Utopian communities were communities

a. that tried to form perfect societies.b. based on the principles of individualism.c. that were male dominated.d. based on the principles of religious control.

a. that tried to form perfect societies

#9 In the mid-1800s, transcendentalism emerged in American society. Transcendentalist thinkers believed that people

a. could rise above material things in life and should depend on themselves rather than outside authority.b. were controlled by an unknown deity and should put their faith in an established religion.c. should put their whole trust and faith in the leaders of their governments.d. had no right to rise to a higher economic class than the one they were born into.

a. could rise above material things in life and should depend on themselves rather than

outside authority.

#10 What social class came about during the mid-1800s in the United States as new merchants, manufacturers, professionals, and master craftspeople grew?

a. Upper class c. Lower class

b. Middle class d. Nobility

b. Middle class

#11 “If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer. Let him step to the music which he hears, however measured or far away.”--Henry David Thoreau, from Walden, published in 1854

How does this quotation by Henry David Thoreau reflect the beliefs held by transcendentalists?

a. It suggests that people who stray from the norms created by society should be criticized by others.b. It suggests that people who follow their own judgments often do not succeed in life.c. It suggests that people should try to match their abilities and accomplishments to their peers.d. It suggests that people should follow their own beliefs and not the beliefs of others.

d. It suggests that people should follow their own beliefs and not the beliefs of others.

#12 How did the American Romantic movement affect art in the U.S.?

a. Artists began to include traditional European landscapes and ideas.b. Artists began to show their appreciation for the beauty and wonder of nature.c. Artists began to express contempt for corruption in the American government.d. Artists began to portray the effects of urbanization on the American landscape.

b. Artists began to show their appreciation for the beauty and wonder of nature.

#13 Transcendentalists and American Romantics would agree with which of these statements?

a. People should keep their emotions separate from the creative process.b. People should consider the beliefs of others when making decisions.c. People should respect and admire the beauty of nature.d. People should depend only on themselves for their survival.

c. People should respect and admire the beauty of nature.

#14 In 1851, American Romantic author Herman Melville explored the theme of the individual’s struggle against nature in his novel about a sea captain’s battle with a giant whale. What was the name of this novel?

a. Leaves of Grass c. Billy Buddb. The Scarlet Letter d. Moby Dick

d. Moby Dick

#15 In late 18th century America, the Second Great Awakening was a period of

a. rebirth that led to the development of a new culture centered around education.b. Christian renewal and revival that began in the northeastern U.S.c. reform that focused on improving the quality of life for the poor.d. revival of traditions that existed in America before the Revolutionary War.

b. Christian renewal and revival that began in the northeastern U.S.

#17 Which of these ideas did religious leader Charles Grandison Finney express?

a. Doing good deeds is not proof of faith.

b. Religious leaders alone can be free from sin.c. Men are closer to God than women are.d. Salvation is in the hands of the individual.

d. Salvation is in the hands of the individual.

#18 In the early 1800s, why did some social reformers want to limit the consumption of alcohol in America?

a. They felt that alcohol abuse led to social problems, such as crime and poverty.b. They felt that the increased production of alcohol was putting a strain on America’s economy.

c. They felt that alcohol was a dangerous substance with unknown side effects.d. They felt that the increased consumption of alcohol led to a decrease in religious faith among Americans.

a. They felt that alcohol abuse led to social problems, such as crime and poverty.

#19 The temperance movement was a reform movement that set out toa. improve the quality of life in urban tenements.b. limit the consumption of alcohol in America.c. increase membership in religious organizations.d. end the violence and crime that existed in America.

b. limit the consumption of alcohol in America.

#20 All of the following reforms were made to American prisons during the 1800s, EXCEPT?

a. Correctional facilities were created to educate prisoners.b. Runaways and young offenders were moved to reform schools.c. Separate facilities were built for the mentally ill.d. Prison laborers were employed for public works projects.

d. Prison laborers were employed for public works projects.

#21 How did reformer Dorothea Dix contribute to the prison reform movement in the early 1800s?

a. She spoke of the horrid conditions of prisons and inspired the building of separate facilities for the mentally ill.b. She founded an organization of women that worked together to provide education for criminals in prisons.c. She organized many protests in hopes of motivating the government to build separate facilities for child offenders.d. She brought America’s attention to the need for prison reform by writing novels detailing the condition of prisons.

a. She spoke of the horrid conditions of prisons and inspired the building of separate facilities for the mentally ill.

#22 What did the members of the common-school movement believe?a. All children should be taught in the same place regardless of their background.

b. Children all over the U.S. should be taught using the same books and materials.

c. All children should be taught a trade in school instead of learning useless subjects.

d. Children all over the U.S. should attend school for the same number of hours a day.

a. All children should be taught in the same place regardless of their background.

#23 Who was the leader of the common-school movement?

a. Dorothea Dix c. Catherine Beecherb. Horace Mann d. Thomas Gallaudet

b. Horace Mann

#24 Which of these contributions did Horace Mann make to the education reform movement in the 19th century?

a. He developed new ways of instructing students with handicaps.b. He fought for improvements to the education of women.c. He extended the length of the school year.d. He was responsible for the integration of public schools.

c. He extended the length of the school year.

#25 All of the following were problems with public education in the U.S. in the 1800’s EXCEPT?

a. Teachers received little training to complete their jobs.b. Schoolhouses were small and all grades usually worked in one room.c. The availability of education in some regions was low.d. There were no materials developed for schools to use to instruct students.

d. There were no materials developed for schools to use to instruct students.

#26 What contribution did Thomas Gallaudet make to education in the mid-1800s?a. He established the first free American school for the deaf and those with hearing-impairments.b. He improved materials used for the instruction of visually impaired Americans.c. He developed educational textbooks for children with different levels of ability.d. He founded the first public school that had the same quality of education as a private school.

a. He established the first free American school for the deaf and those with hearing-impairments.

#27 Which of these summarizes the contributions made by Catherine Beecher to the education reform movement in the U.S. in the mid-1800s?a. She founded an all-female academy and wrote many essays stressing the importance women’s education.b. She fought for improvements in the training of teachers and the quality of educational materials in the U.S.c. She lobbied Congress to increase the budget of public schools and to lengthen the school year for students.d. She opened the first university in the U.S. focused on the education and enlightenment of women.

a. She founded an all-female academy and wrote many essays stressing the importance women’s education.

#28 Why were many African American schools established in Philadelphia in the mid-1800s?a. Philadelphia had the largest population of African Americans of all the northern U.S. cities.b. Philadelphia’s citizens strongly supported the education of African American children.c. Philadelphia was the only city that would allow schools for African American children.d. Philadelphia’s citizens believed that establishing schools in their city would gain support for abolition.

b. Philadelphia’s citizens strongly supported the education of African American children.

#29 How did William Lloyd Garrison spread the abolitionist message throughout the U.S. in the mid-1800s?a. He founded and ran an antislavery newspaper called The Liberator.b. He wrote many novels and essays about the injustices of slavery.c. He traveled around the country giving lectures about the evils of slavery.d. He started the American Colonization Society to help slaves obtain freedom.

a. He founded and ran an antislavery newspaper called The Liberator.

#30 Who founded the American Colonization Society in 1817?

a. Harriet Jacobs b. William Lloyd Garrisonc. Robert Finleyd. Angelina Grimké

c. Robert Finley

#31 What were Americans called during the mid-1800s that opposed immigration to the Americas for multiple reasons?

a. Jayhawks c. Nativistsb. Naturalists d. Naive

c. Nativists

#32 What was the goal of the American Anti-Slavery Society?

a. to provide economic assistance for free African Americansb. to move all southern slaves to free land in the Northc. to force slaveholders to treat their slaves in a humane mannerd. to free slaves immediately and obtain racial equality

d. to free slaves immediately and obtain racial equality

#33 What contribution did Harriet Tubman make

to the antislavery movement?

a. She was a conductor on the Underground

Railroad who led many fugitive slaves to freedom.

b. She lectured members of the American Anti-

Slavery Society about the evils of slavery.

c. She wrote many essays persuading southern

slaveholders to join the abolition movement.

d. She founded an antislavery group in the South

that staged many peaceful protests boycotting

slavery.

a. She was a conductor on the Underground Railroad who led many fugitive slaves to freedom.

#34 Who is considered to be the most famous and daring conductor of the Underground Railroad?

a. Nat Turner c. Frederick Douglass

b. Harriet Tubman d. Sojourner Truth

b. Harriet Tubman

#35 How did Angelina and Sarah Grimké participate in the abolitionist movement?

a. They helped found the colony of Liberia and led many slaves to safety in this free territory.b. They founded the American Anti-Slavery Society and recruited many northern whites to join.c. They provided jobs and financial support to many fugitive slaves living in the North.d. They wrote essays and made passionate appeals to other southern white women to join the movement.

d. They wrote essays and made passionate appeals to other southern white women to join the movement.

#36 Which of these expresses the main idea of Sojourner Truth’s speech given at a women’s rights convention in 1851?

a. Women should not be thought of as the weaker gender and they deserve equality.

b. African American women and white women have no differences other than complexion.

c. Women should use any means necessary to obtain equal rights in America.

d. African American rights should be addressed by the government before women’s rights.

a. Women should not be thought of as the weaker gender and they deserve equality.

#37 What was the significance of the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848?

a. It forced the government to recognize women’s rights in the U.S.

b. It began the organized women’s rights movement in the U.S.

c. It granted women the right to participate in the voting process in the U.S.

d. It revealed the need for social and educational reforms in the U.S.

b. It began the organized women’s rights movement in the U.S.

#38 What did the Declaration of Sentiments written at the Seneca Falls Convention accomplish?a. It described to Congress the reasons why the women’s rights movement should be declared unconstitutional.b. It publicized for the first time the importance of equality for all citizens living in the U.S.c. It detailed beliefs about the social injustices toward women pointing out 18 charges against men and pushed for the federal government to recognize the rights and independence of women living in the U.S.d. It persuaded many Americans to become supporters of the women’s rights movement.

c. It detailed beliefs about the social injustices toward women pointing out 18 charges against men and pushed for the federal government to recognize the rights and independence of women living in the U.S.

#39 Which two women organized the Seneca Falls Convention?a. Lucy Stone and Susan B. Anthonyb. Lucretia Mott and Susan B. Anthonyc. Lucy Stone and Elizabeth Cady Stantond. Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton

d. Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton

#40 What did Susan B. Anthony accomplish for women’s rights in New York in 1860?

a. She won the right for married women to control their own wages and property.b. She won the right for all women to participate in the voting and election process.c. She won the right for married women to own and operate their own businesses.d. She won the right for all women to have the opportunity to hold public office.

a. She won the right for married women to control their own wages and property.

#41 Which reform movement in the U.S. in the mid-1800s inspired the women’s rights movement?

a. the temperance movement

b. the abolitionist movement

c. the education reform movement

d. the prison reform movement

b. the abolitionist movement

#42 How did Ralph Waldo Emerson’s essay “Self-Reliance” represent the transcendentalist point of view?a. It stated that people should focus on their own needs and not be concerned about the needs of others.b. It stated that people should begin to follow their own beliefs and use their own judgment.c. It stated that people should rely more on the institutions and traditions of their societies.d. It stated that people should take the time to consider how their actions affect other people.

b. It stated that people should begin to follow their own beliefs and use their own judgment.

#43 What very organized advocate for women’s rights turned the fight for women’s rights into a political movement arguing that men and women should receive equal pay for equal work?

a. Harriet Tubmanb. Lucy Stonec. Elizabeth Cady Stantond. Susan B. Anthony

d. Susan B. Anthony

#44 Who founded the radical National Woman Suffrage Association, because they did not believe that abolition was not a more important issue than women’s rights?

a. Sojourner Truth

b. Elizabeth Cady Stanton

c. Hillary Clinton

d. Sarah Grimke

b. Elizabeth Cady Stanton

#45 All of the following are considered PUSH FACTORS EXCEPT?a. A disease that was killing off large portions of the populationb. An economic depression with many people out of workc. The inability for people to participate in the government by voting and helping make lawsd. The inability to attend to any college you wanted to attend, because you didn’t have very good grades

d. The inability to attend to any college you wanted to attend, because you didn’t have very good grades

#46 All of the following are considered PULL FACTORS EXCEPT?a. Lot of available land to start a business or a farmb. Many companies hiring people and paying high wagesc. Fleeing a famine d. The ability to vote for people in government and to help influence laws

c. Fleeing a famine

#47 What was the Abolitionists Movement?

a. The movement to end slavery

b. The movement to end the drinking of alcohol

c. The movement to stop immigration to the Americas

d. The movement to stop African Americans and women from voting

a. The movement to end slavery

#48 What was the purpose of the Underground Railroad?

a. To help slaves escape from the South to the North using hidden stations

b. To help people get the supplies and animals across the Ohio River

c. To help the poor people be able to cross the picket lines to get to jobs they ordinarily wouldn’t have been able to get to

d. To help the railroad be able to travel underground and reduce air conditioning costs by avoiding the sun and the heat

a. To help slaves escape from the South to the North using hidden stations

49 Which of the following describes tenements?a. Official change, correction or addition to the law or constitutionb. Poorly built, overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived.c. Citizens who opposed immigrationd. A large farm that usually specialized in growing one kind of crop.

b. Poorly built, overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived

Which former slave used his/her pubic speaking skills impressed the Anti-Slavery Society and gave regular lectures. He/She was quoted on July 4th “The blessing in which you, this day, rejoice, are not enjoyed in common...This Fourth of July is yours, not mine. You may rejoice, I must mourn.”a. Sojourner Truth c. William Lloyd Garrisonb. Frederick Douglass d. Harriet Tubman

b. Frederick Douglass

#50 The federal government obstructed abolitionists between 1836 and 1844 from talking about the issue of slavery on U.S. House of Representatives floor. This rule was called what?a. the silent treatmentb. hear no evil speak no evilc. gag ruled. vow of silence

c. gag rule

#51 What rebellion in 1831 made it dangerous to voice antislavery sentiments in southern states?a. Nat Turner’s Rebellionb. Whiskey Rebellionc. Shays’ Rebelliond. Bacon’s Rebellion

a. Nat Turner’s Rebellion

#52. What former slave was one of the most famous conductors on the Underground Railroad? He/She made 19 trips back into the south to free more than 300 slaves and had a $40,000 price on his/her head.

a. Nat Turnerb.Fredrick Douglassc. Sojourner Truthd.Harriet Tubman

d. Harriet Tubman