Chapter 13Internet ProtocolVersion 6 (IPv6)

►IPv4 offers 2^32 IP addressor 4,294,967,296 IP address

►IPv6 offers 2^128 (3.4x10^38) IP addressor 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456therefore it supplies (6.65x10^23) or 665,570,793,348,866,943,898,599 for each square meter on earth.

►IPv6 has built-in security

►IPv6 uses ICMPv6 or NDP (Neighbors Discovery Protocol) on multicast address of FF02:0:0:0:0:1:FF/104

►IPv6 DOES NOT USE BROADCAST!

IPv6 vs. IPv4

IPv6 ExpressionEx1:

►2001:0db8:3c4d:0012:0000:0000:1234:56ab

►http://[2001:0db8:3c4d:0012:0000:0000:1234:56ab]/default.html

►Shortened expression of 2001:0db8:3c4d:0012:0000:0000:1234:56ab is

►2001:db8:3c4d:12:0:0:1234:56ab or

►2001:db8:3c4d:12::1234:56ab

Ex2:

►2001:0000:0000:0012:0000:0000:1234:56ab

►2001::12::1234:56ab

►2001::12:0:0:1234:56ab

Address Types►Unicast (may use load balancing)

►Global unicast addresses ►Link-local addresses►Unique local addresses

►Multicast►Anycast

Special Addresses►0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 0.0.0.0►0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 127.0.0.1►0:0:0:0:0:0:192.168.100.1 IPv4 in mixed IPv4/IPv6 network►2000::/3 Global unicast►FC00::/7 Unique local unicast►FE80::/10 Link local unicast►FF00::/8 Multicast►3FFF:FFFF::/32 Reserved for examples and documentation►2001:0DB8::/32 Reserved for examples and documentation►2002::/16 6to4 transition system

Configuring Cisco Routers with IPv6Router(config)#ipv6 unicast-routingRouter(config)#int f0/0Router(config-if)#ipv6 enable {link local address} Router(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:3c4d:1:0260.d6FF.FE73.1987/64ORRouter(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:3c4d:1::/64 eui-64MAC is 0060.d673.1987 or

0000 0000 0110 0000 . 1101 0110 0111 0011 . 0001 1001 1000 0111

Autoconfiguration

Stateless x Stateful Addressing

Stateless: Router or stateless DHCP is needed to provide prefix ID of link-local address to the host, otherwise, the default prefix FE80::/64 is usedStateful: Stateful DHCP is required to provide addressing to the hosts.

Configuring DHCP for IPv4Router(config)#ip dhcp ?excluded-address Prevent DHCP from assigning certain addressesPool Configure DHCP address poolsRelay DHCP relay agent parameters

Router(config)#ip dhcp pool Sales_NetworkRouter(dhcp-config)#?default-router Default routersdns-server DNS serversdomain-name Domain nameExit Exit from DHCP pool configuration modenetbios-name-server NetBIOS (WINS) name serversNetwork Network number and masknext-server Next server in boot process

Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.10.1Router(dhcp-config)#exitRouter(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.1

Configuring DHCP for IPv6 or DHCPv6Router(config)#ipv6 dhcp pool ?WORD DHCP pool name

Router(config)#ipv6 dhcp pool testRouter(config-dhcp)#?IPv6 DHCP configuration commands:Default Set a command to its defaultsdns-server DNS serversdomain-name Domain name to complete unqualified host namesexit Exit from DHCPv6 configuration modeno Negate a command or set its defaults prefix-delegation IPv6 Prefix delegation

Router(config-dhcp)#dns-server ?Hostname or X:X:X:X::X Server’s name or IPv6 address

Router(config-dhcp)#domain-name yahoo.com

Router(config-dhcp)#prefix-delegation ?X:X:X:X::X/<0-128> IPv6 x:x::y/<z>aaa Acquire prefix from AAApool IPv6 prefix pool

Router(config-dhcp)#prefix-delegation pool ?WORD IPv6 prefix pool

Router(config-dhcp)#prefix-delegation pool test ?lifetime Configure prefix lifetimes<cr>

Router(config-dhcp)#prefix-delegation pool test lifetime 3600 3600

For both valid and preferred lifetime is in the range of <60-4294967295> or infinite

Router(config)#int fa 0/0Router(config-if)#ipv6 dhcp server ?WORD Name of IPv6 DHCP pool

Router(config-if)#ipv6 dhcp server test

IPv6 Routing Protocols1- RIPng (FF02::9)Router(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1 enableRouter(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#ipv6 router rip 1Router(config-rtr)#

2- EIGRPv6 (FF02::A)Router(config)#ipv6 router eigrp 10Router(config-rtr)#no shutdownRouter(config-rtr)#exitRouter(config)#int f0/0Router(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp 10

3- OSPFv3 (FF02::5 for OSPF routers and FF02::6 for OSPF-designated routers)Router(config)#ipv6 router osfp 10Router(config-rtr)#router-id 10.1.1.1Router(config-rtr)#exitRouter(config)#int f0/0Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 10 area 0.0.0.0

Viewing IPv6 Routing ProtocolsRouter#show ipv6 routeRouter#sh ipv6 protocolsRouter#sh ipv6 ripRouter#sh ipv6 ospf neighborRouter#debug ipv6 ospf packetRouter#debug ipv6 ospf hello

Migrating to IPv61- NAT Protocol Translation (NAT-PT)

►Static IPv6 to IPv4 mapping►Dynamic IPv6 to IPv4 mapping►Dynamic (one to many) or Network Address Port Translation (NAPT-PT)

2- Dual Stacking

Router(config)#ipv6 unicast-routingRouter(config)#interface f0/0Router(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:3c4d:1::/64 eui-64Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0

3- 6to4 tunneling

Router(config-if)#exitRouter(config)#int tunnel 0Router(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:1::1/64Router(config-if)#tunnel source 192.168.30.1Router(config-if)#tunnel destination 192.168.40.1Router(config-if)#tunnel mode ipv6ip