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Chapter 13- Exploring the Chapter 13- Exploring the OceansOceans
By Samantha PereiraBy Samantha Pereira
Chapter SummaryChapter Summary
•In this chapter, you will In this chapter, you will learn about Earth’s oceans, learn about Earth’s oceans, the ocean floor, life in the the ocean floor, life in the ocean, resources from the ocean, resources from the ocean, and ocean pollution. ocean, and ocean pollution.
Lesson 1-Earth’s OceansLesson 1-Earth’s Oceans
Lesson 1 VocabularyLesson 1 Vocabulary
•SalinitySalinity- a measure of the - a measure of the amount of dissolved salts in a amount of dissolved salts in a given amount of liquidgiven amount of liquid
•Water cycleWater cycle- the continuous - the continuous movement of water from the movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the oceanland and back to the ocean
Lesson SummaryLesson Summary
• The global ocean is The global ocean is divided into four divided into four main oceans: Pacific main oceans: Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Artic Ocean.and Artic Ocean.
• The four oceans as The four oceans as we know them today we know them today formed within the formed within the last 300 million last 300 million years.years.
Lesson 2- The Ocean FloorLesson 2- The Ocean Floor
Lesson 2 VocabularyLesson 2 Vocabulary
• Continental shelfContinental shelf- the gently sloping section of the - the gently sloping section of the continental margincontinental margin
• Continental slopeContinental slope- the steeply inclined section of the - the steeply inclined section of the continental margincontinental margin
• Continental riseContinental rise- the gently sloping section of the - the gently sloping section of the continental margincontinental margin
• Abyssal plainAbyssal plain- a large, flat, almost level area of the - a large, flat, almost level area of the deep-ocean basindeep-ocean basin
• Mid-ocean ridgeMid-ocean ridge- a long, undersea mountain chain- a long, undersea mountain chain• Rift valleyRift valley- a long, narrow valley - a long, narrow valley • seamountseamount- a submerged mountain- a submerged mountain• Ocean trenchOcean trench- a steep, long depression in the deep-- a steep, long depression in the deep-
sea floorsea floor
Lesson SummaryLesson Summary
• Scientists study the Scientists study the ocean floor from the ocean floor from the surface using sonar surface using sonar and satellites.and satellites.
• The ocean floor is The ocean floor is divided into two divided into two regions-continental regions-continental margin and deep-margin and deep-ocean basin.ocean basin.
Lesson 3- Life in the OceanLesson 3- Life in the Ocean
Lesson 3 VocabularyLesson 3 Vocabulary
• PlanktonPlankton- the mass of mostly microscopic - the mass of mostly microscopic organismsorganisms
• NektonNekton- all organisms that swim actively in - all organisms that swim actively in open wateropen water
• BenthosBenthos- the organisms that live at the bottom - the organisms that live at the bottom of the oceanof the ocean
• Benthic environmentBenthic environment- the region near the - the region near the bottom of a pond bottom of a pond
• Pelagic environmentPelagic environment- in the ocean, near the - in the ocean, near the surface or middle depthssurface or middle depths
Lesson SummaryLesson Summary
• Three main groups Three main groups of marine life are of marine life are plankton, nekton, plankton, nekton, and benthos.and benthos.
• Two main ocean Two main ocean environments are environments are the benthic and the benthic and pelagic pelagic environment.environment.
Lesson 4- Resources from the Lesson 4- Resources from the OceanOcean
Lesson 4 VocabularyLesson 4 Vocabulary
•DesalinationDesalination- a - a process of process of removing salt removing salt from ocean waterfrom ocean water
Lesson SummaryLesson Summary
• Humans depend on Humans depend on the ocean for living the ocean for living and nonliving and nonliving resources.resources.
• Fish and other Fish and other marine life are being marine life are being raised in ocean raised in ocean farms to help feed farms to help feed growing human growing human populations.populations.
Lesson 5- Ocean PollutionLesson 5- Ocean Pollution
Lesson 5 VocabularyLesson 5 Vocabulary
•Nonpoint-source pollutionNonpoint-source pollution- - pollution that comes from pollution that comes from many sources rather from a many sources rather from a single, specific sitesingle, specific site
•Point-source pollutionPoint-source pollution- pollution - pollution that comes from a specific sitethat comes from a specific site
Lesson SummaryLesson Summary
• Two main types of Two main types of ocean pollution are ocean pollution are nonpoint-source nonpoint-source pollution and point-pollution and point-source pollution. source pollution.
• Types of nonpoint-Types of nonpoint-source pollution source pollution include oil and include oil and gasoline from cars, gasoline from cars, trucks and watercraft.trucks and watercraft.
